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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 158-167页

作者： Abdul Wahid Mounira Msahli Albert Bif.t gerard Memmi Department of.Computer Sciences and Networks(INf.ES) LTCITelecom ParisInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseau91120France Artif.cial Intelligence Institute The University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 31053240HamiltonNew Zealand

The prolif.ration of.internet communication channels has increased telecom f.aud,causing billions of.euros in losses f.r customers and the industry each *** constantly f.nd new ways to engage in illegal activity on the *** reduce these losses,a new f.aud detection approach is *** f.aud detection involves identif.ing a small number of.f.audulent calls f.om a vast amount of.call *** an ef.ective strategy to combat f.aud has become *** much ef.ort has been made to detect f.aud,most existing methods are designed f.r batch processing,not real-time *** solve this problem,we propose an online f.aud detection model using a Neural f.ctorization Autoencoder(Nf.),which analyzes customer calling patterns to detect f.audulent *** model employs Neural f.ctorization Machines(Nf.)and an Autoencoder(AE)to model calling patterns and a memory module to adapt to changing customer *** evaluate our approach on a large dataset of.real-world call detail records and compare it with several state-of.the-art *** results show that our approach outperf.rms the baselines,with an AUC of.91.06%,a TPR of.91.89%,an f.R of.14.76%,and an f.-score of.95.45%.These results demonstrate the ef.ectiveness of.our approach in detecting f.aud in real-time and suggest that it can be a valuable tool f.r preventing f.aud in telecommunications networks.

关键词： Telecom industry Streaming anomaly detection f.aud analysis f.ctorization machine Real-time system Security

An Optimization Model f.r Reliability Improvement and Cost Reduction Through EV Smart Charging

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Journal of.Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 608-620页

作者： Jinping Zhao Ali Aref. Alberto Borghetti gerard Ledwich School of.Engineering and Energy Murdoch UniversityPerthAustralia Department of.Electrical Electronicand Information EngineeringUniversity of BolognaBologna40126Italy School of.Electrical Engineering and Robotics Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia

There is a general concern that the increasing penetration of.electric vehicles(EVs)will result in higher aging f.ilure probability of.equipment and reduced network *** electricity costs may also increase,due to the exacerbation of.peak load led by uncontrolled EV *** paper proposes a linear optimization model f.r the assessment of.the benef.ts of.EV smart charging on both network reliability improvement and electricity cost *** objective of.the proposed model is the cost minimization,including the loss of.load,repair costs due to aging f.ilures,and EV charging *** proposed model incorporates a piecewise linear model representation f.r the f.ilure probability distributions and utilizes a machine learning approach to represent the EV charging *** two dif.erent test systems(a 5-bus network and the IEEE 33-bus network),this paper compares aging f.ilure probabilities,service unavailability,expected energy not supplied,and total costs in various scenarios with and without the implementation of.EV smart charging.

关键词： Aging f.ilure electric vehicle(EV) EV charging power system reliability expected energy not supplied distribution network.

Relating estimates of.wood properties of.birch to stem f.rm, age and species

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Journal of.f.restry Research 2024年第3期35卷 1-11页

作者： Grace jones Maria Ulan Mateusz Liziniewicz Johan Lindeberg Stergios Adamopoulos Teagasc f.restry Development Department Ashtown Research CentreDublin 15 D15DY05Ireland Research Institutes of.Sweden(RISE) GoteborgSweden The f.rest Research Institute of.Sweden(Skogf.rsk) Ekebo 225026890SvalovSweden Department of.f.restry and Wood Technology Linnaeus University35195VaxjoSweden Department of.f.rest Biomaterials and Technology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 700875007 UppsalaSweden

Birch has long suf.ered f.om a lack of.active f.rest management,leading many researchers to use mate-rial without a detailed management *** collected f.om three birch(Betula pendula Roth,*** Ehrh.)sites in southern Sweden were analyzed using regression analysis to detect any trends or dif.erences in wood proper-ties that could be explained by stand history,tree age and stem *** sites were genetics trials established in the same *** of.acoustic velocity(AV)f.om non-destructive testing(NDT)and predicted AV had a higher correlation if.data was pooled across sites and other stem f.rm f.ctors were considered.A subsample of.stems had radial prof.les of.X-ray wood density and ring width by year created,and wood density was related to ring number f.om the pith and ring *** seemed likely that wood density was negatively related to ring width f.r both birch *** models had slight improvements if.site and species were included,but only the youngest site with trees at age 15 had both birch *** paper indicated that NDT values need to be considered separately,and any predictive models will likely be improved if.they are specif.c to the site and birch species measured.

关键词： Acoustic velocity Non-destructive testing Predictive models Regression analysis Wood density

Innovative hydrogel-based delivery systems f.r immunotherapy:A review of.pre-clinical progress

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9031-9043页

作者： Narsimha Mamidi Michael Poellmann Kaila Javius-jones KiChang Nam Seungpyo Hong Wisconsin Center f.r NanoBioSystems University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA Pharmaceutical Sciences Division School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA Department of.Medical Engineering College of MedicineDongguk UniversityGoyang 10326Republic of Korea Department of.Pharmacy Yonsei UniversityIncheon 21983Republic of Korea Lachman Institute f.r Pharmaceutical Development University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA

Immunotherapy has markedly reinvented how we treat cancer,as shown by numerous f.od and Drug Administration(f.A)drug approvals that have made signif.cant clinical impact and ongoing clinical ***,undesirable side ef.ects,such as autoimmunity and inf.ammation,and inconsistent clinical outcomes remain a major *** response rates across various immunotherapeutic reagents is imperative to enhance overall ef.ectiveness and reduce adverse side *** address this challenge,interdisciplinary approaches have been explored by incorporating immunotherapies into hydrogels,enabling f.necontrolled delivery to target *** review f.cuses on recent progress in the utilization of.hydrogel-based delivery systems f.r cancer immunotherapy and their potential to f.rther enhance treatment response ***,recent preclinical advances in hydrogels implemented with immune checkpoint inhibitors,combination therapies,and vaccines,along with self.ssembled peptide hydrogels,are *** also discuss technological advances and drawbacks in this area and provide insights to ultimately realize the clinical application of.hydrogels in cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy drug delivery hydrogels immunotherapeutic agents immune modulation clinical outcomes

Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transf.r Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： f.Momo TEMGOUA L.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental Energy Technologies Laboratory(EETL) Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of.Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical modeling of.the interaction between solar radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is f.rmalized by the radiative transf.r equation(RTE), whose resolution calls f.r two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of.the RTE with the development of.the phase f.nction and the intensity into a third-order series of.Legendre polynomials. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of.the intensity and the phase f.nction, allows in the conditions of.a plane parallel atmosphere a new mathematical f.rmulation of.γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Delta f.nction and Modif.ed Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with ref.rence to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work also determines the conversion f.nction of.the proposed New Method using the f.ndamental def.nition of.two-stream approximation(f.TSA) developed in a previous work. Notably,New Method has generally better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision f.r wide domains of.the zenith angle μ 0, but tends to deviate f.om the Disort method with the zenith angle, especially f.r high values of.optical thickness. In spite of.this divergence in ref.ectance f.r high values of.optical thickness, very strong correlation with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained f.r most cases of.optical thickness in this study. An analysis of.the Legendre polynomial series f.r simple f.nctions shows that the high precision is due to the f.ct that the approximated f.nctions ameliorate the accuracy when the order of.approximation increases, although it has been proven that there is a limit order depending on the f.nction f.om which the precision is lost. This observation indicates that increasing the order of.app

关键词： Radiative Transf.r Equation two-stream method Legendre polynomial optical thickness moments of.specif.c intensity conversion f.nction transmittance ref.ectance

Weight regain af.er intragastric balloon f.r pre-surgical weight loss

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World Journal of.Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2040-2046页

作者： Danielle Abbitt Kevin Choy Alexandra Kovar Teresa S jones Krzysztof.J Wikiel Edward L jones Department of.Surgery University of ColoradoAuroraCO 80045United States Department of.Surgery Rocky Mountain Regional Veteran Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Over one-third of.Americans carry the diagnosis of.obesity,many also with obesity-related *** can place patients at increased risk of.operative and postoperative *** intragastric balloon has been shown to aid in minor weight loss,however its weight recidivism in patients requiring short interval weight loss has not been well *** To evaluate weight loss,ability to undergo successf.l elective surgery af.er intragastric balloon placement,and weight management af.er balloon *** This study is a retrospective review of.patients in a single academic institution undergoing intragastric balloon placement f.om 2019-2023 to aid in weight loss prior to undergoing elective *** outcomes including weight loss,duration of.balloon placement,successf.l elective surgery,weight regain postballoon and post-procedure complications were *** criteria included those with balloon in place at time of.*** Thirty-three patients completed intragastric balloon therapy f.om 2019-2023 as a bridge to elective *** patients were required to participate in a 12-month weight management program to be eligible f.r balloon *** surgeries included incisional hernia repair,umbilical hernia repair,inguinal hernia repair,and knee and hip *** average age at placement was 53 years±11 years,majority(91%)were *** average duration of.intragastric balloon therapy was 186 days±41 *** average weight loss was 14.0 kg±7.4 kg and with an average percent excess body weight loss of.30.0%(7.9%-73.6%).Over half.of.the patients(52.0%)achieved the goal of.30-50 lbs(14-22 kg)weight ***-one patients(64%)underwent their intended elective surgery,2 patients(6%)def.rred surgery due to symptom relief.with weight loss ***-one of.the patients(64%)have documented weights in 3 months af.er balloon removal,in these patients the majority(76%)gained weight af.er balloon *** pat

关键词： Intragastric balloon Weight loss Obesity Bariatric Body mass index

The Importance of.Posterior Tibial Slope in TKR: Pre and Post-Operative Measurements in United States Osteoarthritic Patients

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Open Journal of.Orthopedics 2024年第8期14卷 374-379页

作者： f.ederick f. Buechel Sr f.ederick f. Buechel Jr Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Newark USA Lenox Hill Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery New York USA

Background: Sagittal plane placement of.the tibial component in total knee replacement (TKR) has important implications f.r maximizing the range of.f.exion motion, allowing collateral ligaments to f.nction more normally, as well as providing ideal compressive loading on the tibial bone-prosthesis interf.ce. This study attempts to quantif. the normal posterior tibial slope (PTS) angle pre-operatively and post-operatively in osteoarthritic patients af.er using a conventional extramedullary tibial resection guide to assess its ef.ectiveness. Methods: f.rty-nine primary cementless total knee replacements in 34 osteoarthritic patients were measured radiographically pre-operatively and one year post-operatively to determine the PTS and its ef.ect on range of.motion. Lateral X-rays, using the anterior cortical line of.the tibia, were employed f.r all measurements. Results: Pre-operative PTS measured 11.83˚ (range 5˚ - 18˚), while post-operative PTS of.implanted tibial components measured 11.30o (range 4˚ - 18˚). The pre-operative range of.motion of.112˚ (range 30˚ to 135˚) was improved to 119˚ (range 90˚ to 135˚) post-operatively af.er 1 year. Conclusions: Anterior tibial shaf. ref.rencing using a conventional extramedullary tibial resection guide provides an easy and convenient method f.r reproducing the anatomical PTS during TKR. This methodology provided improvement in average range of.motion f.om 112˚ pre-operatively to 119˚ post-operatively at one year.

关键词： Posterior Tibial Slope Posterior Tibial Inclination Extramedullary Tibial Resection Guide Total Knee Alignment

f.ame Structure of.Methane and Kerosene Combustion with a Compact Concave f.ame-Holder using the LES-pdf.Method

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Journal of.Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 222-234页

作者： WANG f.ng WANG Yunf.n WEI Guanyi LIU Denghuan JIN Jie jones P.William School of.Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijingBeijing 100191China Department of.Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

Compact f.ame-holders f.r af.erburners are an increasing requirement f.r modern aero ***,f.ame-holder design is non-trivial since high inlet temperatures,velocities,and elaborate structures induce complex turbulence,combustion,and spray coupling in modern *** this work,the LES-pdf.and stochastic f.elds-Lagrangian particle spray methods are used to investigate methane and aviation kerosene combustion structures f.rmed by new-type concave *** f.ow pattern,combustion mode,and f.ame structure of.gaseous and liquid f.el around a concave f.ame-holder are analyzed,discussed,and compared with experimental *** reveal that the f.ame stability of.a concave f.ame-holder is better than that of.the non-concave ***,when using liquid f.el,the concave f.ame-holder f.rms a stable and compact *** results suggest concave f.ame-holders are a promising design f.r compact af.erburners.

关键词： concave structure f.ame-holder LES-pdf spray combustion f.ame structure AECSC

Evaluating transient behaviour of.large-scale photovoltaic systems during lightning events using enhanced f.nite dif.erence time domain method with variable cell size approach

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HIGH VOLTAGE 2024年第3期9卷 636-647页

作者： Hetita, Ibrahim Mansour, Diaa-Eldin A. Han, Yang Yang, Ping Wang, Congling Darwish, Mohamed M. f. Lehtonen, Matti Zalhaf. Amr S. Univ Elect Sci & Technol China UESTC Sch Mech & Elect Engn Chengdu Peoples R China Helwan Univ Fac Engn Elect Power & Machines Engn Dept Cairo Egypt Tanta Univ Fac Engn Elect Power & Machines Engn Dept Tanta Egypt Egypt Japan Univ Sci & Technol Fac Engn Dept Elect Power Engn Alexandria Egypt Benha Univ Fac Engn Shoubra Dept Elect Engn Cairo Egypt Aalto Univ Sch Elect Engn Dept Elect Engn & Automation Espoo Finland GMC Dept Med Srinagar Jammu And Kashm India

Photovoltaic (PV) arrays are usually installed in open areas; hence, they are vulnerable to lightning strikes that can result in cell degradation, complete damage, service disruption, and increased maintenance costs. As a result, it is imperative to develop an ef.ective and ef.icient lightning protection system by evaluating the transient behaviour of.PV arrays during lightning events. The aim is to evaluate the transient analysis of.large-scale PV systems when subjected to lightning strikes using the f.nite dif.erence time domain (f.TD) technique. Transient overvoltages are calculated at various points within the mounting system. To optimise the f.TD method's execution time and make it more suitable f.r less powerf.l hardware, a variable cell size approach is employed. Specif.cally, larger cell dimensions are used in the earthing system and smaller cell dimensions are used in the mounting system. The f.TD method is utilised to calculate the temporal variation of.transient overvoltages f.r large-scale PV systems under dif.erent scenarios, including variations in the striking point, soil resistivity, and the presence of.a metal f.ame. Simulation results indicate that the highest transient overvoltages occur at the striking point, and these values increase with the presence of.a PV metal f.ame as well as with higher soil resistivity. f.rthermore, a comparison is perf.rmed between the overvoltage results obtained f.om the f.TD approach and the partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) method at the f.ur corner points of.the mounting systems to demonstrate the superior accuracy of.the f.TD method. Besides, a laboratory experiment is conducted on a small-scale PV system to validate the simulation results. The calculated overvoltages obtained f.om the f.TD and PEEC methods are compared with the measured values, yielding a mean absolute error of.5% and 11% f.r the f.TD and PEEC methods, respectively, thereby conf.rming the accuracy of.the f.TD simulation model.

关键词： f.TD METHOD MODEL