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decreased bioavailability of aminomethylphosphonic acid(AMPA)in genetically modified corn with activated carbon or calcium montmorillonite clay inclusion in soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第2期33卷 131-143页

作者： Sara E.Hearon Meichen Wang Thomas J.Mcdonald Timothy d.phillips Veterinary Integrative Biosciences department College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M Uniuersity College StationTx 77845USA department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station400 Bizzell St College StationTX 77843USA

The widespread use of pesticides has resulted in detectable residues throughout the environment,sometimes at concentrations well above regulatory ***,the development of safe,effective,field-practical,and economically feasible strategies to mitigate the effects of pesticides is *** is an organophosphorus herbicide that is degraded to aminomethylphosphonic acid(AMPA),a toxic and persistent metabolite that can accumulate in soil and sediment and translocate to *** this study,we investigated the binding efficacy of activated carbon(AC)and calcium montmorillonite(CM)clay to decrease AMPA bioavailability from soil and AMPA translocation to *** isotherms and thermodynamic studies on AC and CM were conducted and showed tight binding(enthalpy values>-20 k J/mol)for AMPA with high capacities(0.25 mol/kg and 0.38 mol/kg,respectively),based on derivations from the Langmuir model.A hydra assay was utilized to indicate toxicity of AMPA and the inclusion of 1%AC and CM both resulted in 90%protection of the hydra(**p≤0.01).Further studies in glyphosate-contaminated soil showed that AC and CM significantly reduced AMPA bioavailability by 53%and 44%,*** in genetically modified(GM)corn showed a conversion of glyphosate to AMPA in roots and sprouts over a 10-day exposure *** of AC and CM reduced AMPA residues in roots and sprouts by 47%-61%.These studies collectively indicate that AC and CM are effective sorbents for AMPA and could be used to reduce AMPA bioavailability from soil and AMPA residues in GM corn plants.

关键词： Glyphosate AMPA Activated carbon Calcium montmorillonite Sorbent

A spotlight on dosage and subject selection for effective neuroprotection: exploring the central role of mitochondria

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1081-1082页

作者： John Mitrofanis jonathan Stone Michael R.Hamblin Pierre Magistretti Alim-Louis Benabid Glen Jeffery Fonds Clinatec UniversitéGrenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance School of Medical Science University of SydneySydneyAustralia Faculty of Health Sciences University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK

Neurons are notoriously vulnerable cell *** the slightest change in their internal and/or external environments will cause much distress and dysfunction,leading often to their death.A range of pathological conditions,including stroke,head trauma,and neurodegenerative disease,can generate stress in neurons,affecting their survival and proper *** most neural pathologies,mitochondria become dysfunctional and this plays a pivotal role in the process of cell *** challenge over the last few decades has been to develop effective interventions that improve neuronal homeostasis under pathological *** interventions,often referred to as disease-modifying or neuroprotective,have,however,proved frustratingly elusive,at both preclinical and,in particular,clinical *** this perspective,we highlight two factors that we feel are key to the development of effective neuroprotective *** are:firstly,the choice of dose of intervention and method of application,and secondly,the selection of subjects,whether they be patients or the animal model.

关键词： protective dosage distress

Wilson's disease in two siblings from Ecuador:Two case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 50-60页

作者： Enrique Carrera jonathan Alvarado Martina Astudillo Galo Pillajo department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital de Especialidades Eugenio EspejoQuito 170136PichinchaEcuador Faculty of Medicine Pontificia Universidad Catolica del EcuadorQuito 170143PichinchaEcuador department of Radiology Hospital de Especialidades Eugenio EspejoQuito 170136PichinchaEcuador

BACKGROUNd Wilson's disease(Wd)is a rare metabolic disorder of copper accumulation in organs such as liver,brain,and *** and treatments are challenging in settings,where advanced diagnostic tests are unavailable,copper chelating agents are frequently scarce,healthcare professionals lack disease awareness,and medical follow-ups are *** diagnoses and treatments help prevent complications,improve patients’quality of life,and ensure a normal life *** clinical presentations and outcomes of Wd can vary within a single *** SUMMARY We present the cases of two siblings(19 and 27 years)from a consanguineous family in rural Ecuador,diagnosed as having Wd during a family *** male patient,diagnosed at age 19 after his brother’s death from acute liver failure,presented with compensated cirrhosis,neurological symptoms,and bilateral Kayser-Fleischer *** developed progressive neurological deterioration during an irregular treatment with d-penicillamine due to medication *** condition improved upon switching to trientine tetrahydrochloride,and his neurological symptoms improved over an 8-year period of *** female patient,diagnosed at age 10,exhibited only biochemical *** treatment history was similar;however,she remained asymptomatic without disease progression over the same follow-up *** discuss the potential influence of epigenetic mechanisms and modifier genes on the various phenotypes,emphasizing the need for research in these areas to optimize therapeutic *** Our patients’medical histories show how early diagnosis and treatment can prevent disease progression;and,how suboptimal treatments impact disease outcomes.

关键词： Wilson disease Kayser-Fleischer rings Copper chelator d-penicillamine Trientine tetrahydrochloride Case report

Secreted frizzled related-protein 2(Sfrp2)deficiency decreases adult skeletal stem cell function in mice

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Bone Research 2021年第4期9卷 606-617页

作者： Luis Fernandez de Castro Brian丄Sworder Byron Mui Kathryn Futrega Agnes Berendsen Matthew d.phillips Nathan J.Burbach Natasha Cherman Sergei Kuznetsov Yankel Gabet Kenn Holmbeck Pamela G.Robey Skeletal Biology Section National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ResearchNational Institutes of HealthDepartment of Health and Human ServicesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA department of Molecular Medicine Boston UniversityBostonMAUSA School of dentistry University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMNUSA department of Anatomy and Anthropology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv-YafoIsrael

In a previous transcriptomic study of human bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs,also known as bone marrow-derived^mesenchymal stem cells#,)/SFRP2 was highly over-represented in a subset of multipotent BMSCs(skeletal stem cells,SSCs),which recreate a bone/marrow organ in an in vivo ectopic bone formation *** modulate WNT signaling,which is essential to maintain skeletal homeostasis,but the specific role of SFRP2 in BMSCs/SSCs is ***,we evaluated Sfrp2 deficiency on BMSC/SSC function in models of skeletal organogenesis and *** skeleton of Sfrp2-def\c\ent(KO)mice is overtly normal;but their BMSCs/SSCs exhibit reduced colony-forming efficiency,reflecting low SSC self-renewal/***2 KO BMSCs/SSCs formed less trabecular bone than those from WT littermates in the ectopic bone formation ***,regeneration of a cortical drilled hole defect was dramatically impaired in Sfrp2 KO ***2-deficient BMSCs/SSCs exhibited poor in vitro osteogenic differentiation as measured by Runx2 and Osterix expression and calcium ***,activation of the Wnt co-receptor;Lrp6,and expression of Wnt target genes,Axin2,C-myc and Cyclin dl,were reduced in Sfrp2-deficient BMSCs/*** of recombinant Sfrp2 restored most of these activities,suggesting that Sfrp2 acts as a Wnt *** demonstrate that Sfrp2 plays a role in self-renewal of SSCs and in the recruitment and differentiation of adult SSCs during bone ***2 is also a useful marker of BMSC/SSC multipotency,and a factor to potentially improve the quality of ex vivo expanded BMSC/SSC products.

关键词： skeletal impaired healing

Kinetics of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid sorption onto montmorillonite clays in soil and their translocation to genetically modified corn

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 669-680页

作者： Meichen Wang Kelly J Rivenbark Timothy d.phillips Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityTX 77845USA

The co-occurrence of glyphosate(GLP)and aminomethylphosphonic acid(AMPA)in contaminated water,soil,sediment and plants is a cause for concern due to potential threats to the ecosystem and human health.A major route of exposure is through contact with contaminated soil and consumption of crops containing GLP and AMPA ***,clay-based sorption strategies for mixtures of GLP and AMPA in soil,plants and garden produce have been very *** this study,in vitro soil and in vivo genetically modified corn models were used to establish the proof of concept that the inclusion of clay sorbents in contaminated soils will reduce the bioavailability of GLP and AMPA in soils and their adverse effects on plant *** of chemical concentration(1–10 mg/kg),sorbent dose(0.5%-3%in soil and 0.5%-1%in plants)and duration(up to 28 days)on sorption kinetics were *** time course results showed a continuous GLP degradation to *** inclusion of calcium montmorillonite(CM)and acid processed montmorillonite(APM)clays at all doses significantly and consistently reduced the bioavailability of both chemicals from soils to plant roots and leaves in a dose-and time-dependent manner without detectable *** treated with 0.5%and 1%APM inclusion showed the highest growth rate(p≤0.05)and lowest chemical bioavailability with up to 76%reduction in roots and57%reduction in *** indicated that montmorillonite clays could be added as soil supplements to reduce hazardous mixtures of GLP and AMPA in soils and plants.

关键词： Glyphosate AMPA Adsorption Soil remediation Plant Hydroponic system

High-resolution geological maps of central London, UK： Comparisons with the London Underground

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第2期7卷 273-286页

作者： jonathan d. Paul department of Earth Sciences Bullard Laboratories University of Cambridge Madingley Rise Cambridge CB3 0EZ UK

This study presents new thickness maps of post-Cretaceous sedimentary strata beneath central London. 〉1100 borehole records were analysed. London Clay is thickest in the west; thicker deposits extend as a narrow finger along the axis of the London Basin. More minor variations are probably governed by periglacial erosion and faulting. A shallow anticline in the Chalk in north-central London has resulted in a pronounced thinning of succeeding strata. These results are compared to the position of London Underground railway tunnels. Although tunnels have been bored through the upper levels of London Clay where thick, some tunnels and stations are positioned within the underlying, more lithologically variable, Lower London Tertiary deposits. Although less complex than other geological models of the London Basin, this technique is more objective and uses a higher density of borehole data. The high resolution of the resulting maps emphasises the power of modelling an expansive dataset in a rigorous but simnle fashion.

关键词： London London Underground London Clay Lambeth Group Chalk Tunnelling Boreholes

Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph david Gimbel jonathan Grossberg daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

Hierarchical methodology to evaluate the quality of disparate axle load data sources for pavement design

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第2期9卷 261-279页

作者： Steven Wood jonathan d.Regehr Transportation division City of WinnipegWinnipegMB R3B 1B9Canada department of Civil Engineering University of ManitobaMB R3T 5V6Canada

Axle load data are an essential input for pavement design,yet for most North American agencies,there is uncertainty about the quality of axle load data obtained from weigh-inmotion(WIM)systems,the applicability of these data for pavement design,and potential opportunities to integrate axle load data from disparate *** article presents a novel and practical methodology to evaluate the quality of axle load data from WIM systems and roadside weigh scales through a series of hierarchical analyses designed to test data *** applied using data from Manitoba,Canada,the methodology quantified the uncertainty of axle loads measured at the weigh scales and piezo-quartz WIM,concluding that both could be used for pavement design *** collected at piezo-polymer WIM sites exhibited poorer data validity;however,application of site-specific temperature correction factors significantly improved data validity at these *** article describes how other data quality dimensions,including spatial coverage,temporal coverage,and long-term data availability,could be considered when determining the suitability of disparate axle load data sources for pavement *** of the methodology enables a pragmatic evaluation of the quality and limitations of commonlyavailable axle load data,revealing uncertainties and data needs relevant for pavement design practice.

关键词： Road engineering Pavement design Axle load Weigh-in-motion data quality Truck traffic

The influence of resistance exercise training prescription variables on skeletal muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults:An umbrella review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 47-60页

作者： jonathan C.Mcleod Brad S.Currier Caroline V.Lowisz Stuart M.phillips department of Kinesiology Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4L8Canada

Purpose:The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the impact of resistance training(RT)and individual RT prescription variables on muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy ***:Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,we systematically searched and screened eligible systematic reviews reporting the effects of differing RT prescription variables on muscle mass(or its proxies),strength,and/or physical function in healthy adults aged>18 ***:We identified 44 systematic reviews that met our inclusion *** methodological quality of these reviews was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews;standardized effectiveness statements were *** found that RT was consistently a potent stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle mass(4/4 reviews provide some or sufficient evidence),strength(4/6 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and physical function(1/1 review provided some evidence).RT load(6/8 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),weekly frequency(2/4 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),volume(3/7 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and exercise order(1/1 review provided some evidence)impacted RT-induced increases in muscular *** discovered that 2/3 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence that RT volume and contraction velocity influenced skeletal muscle mass,while 4/7 reviews provided insufficient evidence in favor of RT load impacting skeletal muscle *** was insufficient evidence to conclude that time of day,periodization,inter-set rest,set configuration,set end point,contraction velocity/time under tension,or exercise order(only pertaining to hypertrophy)influenced skeletal muscle adaptations.A paucity of data limited insights into the impact of RT prescription variables on physical ***:Overall,RT increased muscle mass,strength,and physical function compared to no ***

关键词： Hypertrophy Resistance training Resistance training prescription variables Strength Umbrella review