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Type 2 immunity in the brain and brain borders

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2023年第11期20卷 1290-1299页

作者： Tornike mamuladze jonathan Kipnis Center for Brain Immunology and Glia(BIG) Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO63110USA Department of Pathology and Immunology School of MedicineWashington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO63110USA Immunology Graduate Program School of MedicineWashington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO63110USA

Recent research in neuroimmunology has revolutionized our understanding of the intricate interactions between the immune system and the central nervous system(CNs).The CNs,an“immune-privileged organ”,is now known to be intimately connected to the immune system through different cell types and *** type 2 immune responses have traditionally been associated with allergy and parasitic infections,emerging evidence suggests that these responses also play a crucial role in CNs homeostasis and disease *** 2 immunity encompasses a delicate interplay among stroma,Th2 cells,innate lymphoid type 2 cells(ILC2s),mast cells,basophils,and the cytokines interleukin(IL)-4,IL-5,IL-13,IL-25,TsLP and *** this review,we discuss the beneficial and detrimental roles of type 2 immune cells and cytokines in CNs injury and homeostasis,cognition,and diseases such as tumors,Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis.

关键词： Type 2 immunity meningeal immunity Neuroimmunology

Altaids: accretionary tectonics writ large

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National science Review 2023年第2期10卷 12-13页

作者： jonathan C.Aitchison school of Earth and Environmental sciences The University of Queensland

This perspective is written through the lens of someone who,except for a limited but enlightening foray into the region25 years ago,has largely watched the evolution of thinking and understanding of the Altaids from *** area is a hotbed for new ideas and *** strongly held viewpoints associated with various schools of thought have been *** time,international collaboration has moved thinking towards a consensus view,which hopefully will not stifle valuable originality.

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Environmental similarity is more important than distance in the community structuring processes of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in agricultural soils

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Pedosphere 2023年第6期33卷 819-827页

作者： Dorsaf KERFAHI Yu sHI Baozhan WANG Hokyung sONG Haiyan CHU jonathan m.ADAms school of Natural sciences Department of Biological SciencesKeimyung UniversityDaegu 42601Korea state Key Laboratory of Crop stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475001China state Key Laboratory of soil and sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Key Lab of miboyrgriculural Eonment MintryfgrculureCllege of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural Univery Nanjing 21008China Department of Earth and Environmental sciences The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 101408China school of Geography and Oceanography Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA) are important in converting ammonia into nitrate in soils. While many aspects of their community structure have been studied, the relative importance of stochastic versus deterministic processes has poorly been understood. We compared AOA communities across the North China Plain, targeting the amoA gene. A phylogenetic null modelling approach was used to calculate the beta nearest taxon index to quantify the influence of stochastic and deterministic processes. We found that spatial distance between samples predicted the perceived processes involved in community structuring, with stochastic processes dominating at local scales. At greater distances, stochasticity became weaker. However, soil pH, which was also the strongest determinant of AOA community, was a much stronger predictor of community structuring, leaving the distance effect redundant as an explanation of community structuring processes. The communities of AOA differing by less than 1 pH unit differed mainly stochastically in terms of operational taxonomic unit composition. At larger pH differences, deterministic processes based on heterogeneous selection between clades became increasingly dominant. It appears that AOA community composition is largely determined by the environment. However, very similar pH environments are the exception. In environments with very close pH values, stochastic effects dominantly cause differences in community composition, whether spatially near or far.

关键词： amoA gene ammonia-oxidizing bacteria assembly processes beta nearest taxon index community structure operational taxonomic unit

Introduction:Image and Text

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外国文学研究 2019年第4期41卷 14-15页

作者： jonathan Locke Hart 不详

Image and word, as expressed in pictures and works or texts, is an old relation in East and ***,wemovefromthegeneraltheoreticalcontext,moreexpressedin ***(UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine),tomattersconcerningthe RenaissanceandBéroaldede Verville,LeVoyagedesprincesfortunez,assetoutby Tom Conley (Harvard), and shakespeare and Tang Xianzu, as explored by Liu Hao (Tsinghua).

关键词： Introduction Image Text

site dependence of surface dislocation nucleation in ceramic nanoparticles

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npj Computational materials 2021年第1期7卷 564-570页

作者： jonathan Amodeo Emile maras David Rodney Univ Lyon CNRSINSA LyonUCBLMATEISUMR5510VilleurbanneFrance Universitéde Lyon UniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSInstitut Lumière MatièreVilleurbanneFrance

The extremely elevated strength of nanoceramics under compression arises from the necessity to nucleate highly energetic dislocations from the surface,in samples that are too small to contain pre-existing ***,we investigate the site dependence of surface dislocation nucleation in mgO nanocubes using a combination of molecular dynamics simulations,nudgedelastic-band method calculations and rate theory *** an original simulation setup,we obtain a complete mapping of the potential dislocation nucleation sites on the surface of the nanoparticle and find that,already at intermediate temperature,not only nanoparticle corners are favorable nucleation sites,but also the edges and even regions on the side surfaces,while other locations are intrinsically *** are discussed in the context of recent in situ TEm experiments,sheding new lights on the deformation mechanisms happening during ceramic nanopowder compaction and sintering processes.

关键词： deformation dislocation ceramic

Branched hybridization chain reaction-using highly dimensional DNA nanostructures for label-free,reagent-less,multiplexed molecular diagnostics

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2019年第1期5卷 316-322页

作者： Gaolian Xu mingliang Lai Rab Wilson Andrew Glidle Julien Reboud jonathan m.Cooper Division of Biomedical Engineering James Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowOakfield AvenueGlasgow G128LTUK

The specific and multiplexed detection of DNA underpins many analytical methods,including the detection of microorganisms that are important in the medical,veterinary,and environmental *** achieve such measurements generally requires enzyme-mediated amplification of the low concentrations of the target nucleic acid sequences present,together with the precise control of temperature,as well as the use of enzyme-compatible *** inevitably leads to compromises between analytical performance and the complexity of the *** hybridization chain reaction(HCR)provides an attractive alternative,as a route to enzyme-free DNA *** date,the linear nucleic acid products,produced during amplification,have not enabled the development of efficient multiplexing strategies,nor the use of label-free ***,we show that by designing new DNA nanoconstructs,we are able,for the first time,to increase the molecular dimensionality of HCR products,creating highly branched amplification products,which can be readily detected on label-free *** show that this new,branching HCR system offers a route for enzyme-free,label-free DNA detection,we demonstrate the multiplexed detection of a target sequence(as the initiator)in whole *** the future,this technology will enable rapid point-of-care multiplexed clinical analysis or in-the-field environmental monitoring.

关键词： reagent attractive branching

Trained through generations

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2022年第6期19卷 653-654页

作者： Neha D.Patil jonathan D.Turner mahesh s.Desai Jacques Zimmer Department of Infection and Immunity Luxembourg Institute of HealthEsch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis Department of Dermatology and Allergy CenterOdense University HospitalUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

The first scientists to coin the term“trained immunity”were mihai ***,Jessica Quintin,and Jos *** der meer in a‘Perspective’article in 2011[2].With the publication of vast amounts of experimental data and follow-up reviews,the concept that the innate immune system can develop a memory function in parallel to the well-recognized adaptive memory,mediated by B and T lymphocytes,is largely accepted.

关键词： Jess immunity generation

Orgasm-associated urinary in continence(climacturia)following radical prostatectomy:a review of pathophysiology and current treatment options

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第6期22卷 549-554页

作者： Christopher Kannady jonathan Clavell-Hernandez Division of Urology McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA st.Joseph medical Center HoustonTX 77002USA

Orgasm-associated urinary incontinence,or climacturia,is a common side effect after radical prostatectomy(RP)that is gaining more attention due to the distress it causes to patients.A range of treatment options have been reported in the literature and are outlined in this *** goal of our study is to review the pathophysiology and current management options for climacturia following RP.A Pubmed search was used to review the current literature relating to the pathophysiology and the treatment of postprostatectomy *** reviewed the currently available treatment options and their success rates for *** techniques were found to subjectively help improve the amount and bother of patients'*** include pelvic floor muscle training(PFmT),penile variable tension loop,soft silicone occlusion loop,artificial urethral sphincter,male urethral sling,and the mini-Jupette *** rates ranged from 48%to 100%depending on the modality *** patients with erectile dysfunction and climacturia,the mini-Jupette graft could be a valuable *** the lack of validated measurement tools and management options,climacturia has become a challenge for *** a condition that has not garnered much attention,there are several management options from conservative to invasive treatments that have shown a hopeful promise for the treatment of *** options should be discussed with patients to determine the best treatment for each *** clinical trials are n eeded to assess the efficacy and impact of the d iff ere nt treatme nt options before a defi nitive recommendation regarding management can be made.

关键词： climacturia male urethral sling mini-Jupette graft orgasm-associated urinary inc on tinence prostate can cer radical prostatectomy

Distributed majorization-minimization for Laplacian Regularized Problems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica sinica 2019年第1期6卷 45-52页

作者： jonathan Tuck David Hallac stephen Boyd IEEE the Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University

We consider the problem of minimizing a block separable convex function(possibly nondifferentiable, and including constraints) plus Laplacian regularization, a problem that arises in applications including model fitting, regularizing stratified models, and multi-period portfolio optimization. We develop a distributed majorization-minimization method for this general problem, and derive a complete, self-contained, general,and simple proof of convergence. Our method is able to scale to very large problems, and we illustrate our approach on two applications, demonstrating its scalability and accuracy.

关键词： Convex optimization distributed optimization graphical networks Laplacian regularization