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Effect of Biofertilizers on the Agromorphological Parameters of Three Okra Cultivars in Southern Côte d’Ivoire

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 408-422页

作者： Guinagui N’doua Bertrand Nomel Meless Patrice Sanogo Souleymane Kouassi N’dri Pacôme Kouadio Edouard Yves Gilchrist Dao jonas Patrick Koné Dapah Sara Fatim Koné Daouda Fatogoma Sorho Plant Physiology and Pathology Teaching and Research Unit UFR Biosciences F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire WASCAl Center/African Center of Excellence on Climate Change Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture (WASCAL/CEA-CCBAD) Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus l.) is an herbaceous plant of the Malvaceae family. In Côte d’Ivoire, okra production is estimated to be over 193,000 tons. This low production is largely due to poor soils and hardly covers the needs of the population. To remedy this, growers systematically use mineral fertilizers. However, these fertilizers pollute the environment. To find an alternative to chemical fertilization and increase production, the effect of biofertilizers (Spaawet, Retone, Super Gro) compared with NPK mineral fertilizer was evaluated on Divo, Teriman, and Djonan F1 cultivars. The trial was set up in a factorial block design with three replications. Plant height, number of functional leaves, and crown diameter were assessed at 60 days after sowing (DAS). The time to 50% flowering, production time, and fruit yield were calculated. The results showed that the biofertilizer Retone induced the highest heights and number of functional leaves, with averages of 61.89 cm and 29.88 leaves, respectively. The diameter at the crown (17.77 mm) was highest with the NPK mineral fertilizer, and the shortest 50% flowering time, with an average of 47.61 days, was also obtained with the biofertilizer Retone. The NPK mineral fertilizer produced the longest production time, with an average of 35.25 days. The highest yields were obtained using Retone (11.07 t/ha) and NPK (9.52 t/ha) fertilizers. The “Divo*Retone” interaction produced the highest yield with an average of 12.19 t/ha. The biofertilizer Retone could therefore be used as an alternative fertilizer to chemical fertilization in okra crops, given its effect on the parameters assessed.

关键词： Biofertilizer Retone Mineral Fertilizer Okra Yield Côte d’Ivoire

Suicidal Behaviours in Sickle Cell Patients at the Douala Sickle Cell Care Centre in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 265-281页

作者： Christian Eyoum léonce Kengno Kologne Charlotte Eposse Ekoube Annick Mélanie Magnerou Joséphine Manga Befolo Cindy laura Ndepa Daniel Gams Massi Aurore Nzesseu Djomo Guy jonas Basseguin Atchou Guy Calvin Mbongo’O Rihta Mbono Mbekoto Iyawa Hassanatou Fabiola Tchouankeu Kounga Christiane Medi Sike Josiane Essola Jacques Narcisse Doumbe Erero Njiengwe Callixte Kuate Tegueu Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Sickle cell anaemia is a hereditary disease that combines physical and psychological manifestations, including suicidal tendencies. So far, to our knowledge, no study has been conducted on suicidal behaviours among people with sickle cell disease in Cameroon. This is what justifies our study on the prevalence and factors related to suicidal behaviors in our study population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, analytical study of 171 sickle cell patients aged from 12 years upwards who came to the sickle cell disease care service of the laquintinie Hospital in Douala, over a period of 6 months, that is, from 1 January to 31 June 2022. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with questions on suicidal behaviours based on the “MINI” (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). The data were processed using the SPSS 26.0 software. The related factors were studied in both a bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Female sickle cell patients accounted for 60.2% of the sample. The mean age was 23.36 ± 8.42 years. Suicidal ideation was prevalent in 56% of cases and 13% attempted suicide. The factors most associated with suicidal ideation were: primary level of education (OR = 0.08 (0.09 - 0.79);p = 0.03), feeling unworthy of life (OR = 0.40 (0.08 - 1.96);p = 0.02), not often being considered by those around them (OR = 2.97 (1.26 - 6.99);p = 0.01), lack of family support (OR = 0.34 (0.15 - 0.77);p = 0.01). Meanwhile, the factors associated with suicide attempts were: the fact of being rarely exposed to suicide-related media (OR = 4.17 (1.40 - 71.80);p = 0.03), and a constant feeling of sadness when returning home (OR = 18.02 (1.59 - 20.55);p = 0.01). Conclusion: More than half of sickle cell patients had had suicidal thoughts and 1/6 had made at least one suicide attempt, women and young adults being the most concerned. It is therefore necessary to ensure optimum psychological care for patients with sickle cell disease.

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Suicidal Behaviours Self-Harm

A low Mach Number IMEX Flux Splitting for the level Set Ghost Fluid Method

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2023年第2期5卷 722-750页

作者： jonas Zeifang Andrea Beck Faculty of Sciences Hasselt UniversityAgoralaan Gebouw DBE-3590 DiepenbeekBelgium Institute of Aerodynamics and Gas Dynamics University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 2170569 StuttgartGermany laboratory of Fluid Dynamics and Technical Flows Otto von Guericke University MagdeburgUniversitatsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany

Considering droplet phenomena at low Mach numbers,large differences in the magnitude of the occurring characteristic waves are *** acoustic phenomena often play a minor role in such applications,classical explicit schemes which resolve these waves suffer from a very restrictive timestep *** this work,a novel scheme based on a specific level set ghost fluid method and an implicit-explicit(IMEX)flux splitting is proposed to overcome this timestep restriction.A fully implicit narrow band around the sharp phase interface is combined with a splitting of the convective and acoustic phenomena away from the *** this part of the domain,the IMEX Runge-Kutta time discretization and the high order discontinuous Galerkin spectral element method are applied to achieve high accuracies in the bulk *** is shown that for low Mach numbers a significant gain in computational time can be achieved compared to a fully explicit ***-tions to typical droplet dynamic phenomena validate the proposed method and illustrate its capabilities.

关键词： IMEX flux splitting level set method Ghost fluid method low Mach number flows

STABlE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS AND DISCRETIZATION FOR P_(N) EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2022年第6期40卷 977-1003页

作者： jonas Bunger Neeraj Sarna Manuel Torrilhon Applied and Computational Mathematics(ACoM) Department of MathematicsRWTH Aachen UniversitySchinkelstr 252062 AachenGermany

A solution to the linear Boltzmann equation satisfies an energy bound,which reflects a natural fact:The energy of particles in a finite volume is bounded in time by the energy of particles initially occupying the volume augmented by the energy transported into the volume by particles entering the volume over *** this paper,we present boundary conditions(BCs)for the spherical harmonic(P_(N))approximation,which ensure that this fundamental energy bound is satisfied by the P_(N) *** BCs are compatible with the characteristic waves of P_(N) equations and determine the incoming waves ***,energy bound and compatibility,are shown on abstract formulations of P_(N) equations and BCs to isolate the necessary structures and *** BCs are derived from a Marshak type formulation of BC and base on a non-classical even/odd-classification of spherical harmonic functions and a stabilization step,which is similar to the truncation of the series expansion in the P_(N) *** show that summation by parts(SBP)finite differences on staggered grids in space and the method of simultaneous approximation terms(SAT)allows to maintain the energy bound also on the semi-discrete level.

关键词： Boundary conditions Energy stability Spherical harmonic(P_(N))approximation Kinetic theory Moment method Boltzmann linear transport

Combining High-Resolution Imaging,Deep learning,and Dynamic Modeling to Separate Disease and Senescence in Wheat Canopies

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第2期5卷 295-312页

作者： jonas Anderegg Radek Zenkl Achim Walter Andreas Hund Plant Pathology Group Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland Crop Science Group Institute of Agricultural SciencesETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Maintenance of sufficiently healthy green leaf area after anthesis is key to ensuring an adequate assimilate supply for grain *** regulated age-related physiological senescence and various biotic and abiotic stressors drive overall greenness decay dynamics under field *** direct effects on green leaf area in terms of leaf damage,stressors often anticipate or accelerate physiological senescence,which may multiply their negative impact on grain ***,we present an image processing methodology that enables the monitoring of chlorosis and necrosis separately for ears and shoots(stems+leaves)based on deep learning models for semantic segmentation and color properties of vegetation.A vegetation segmentation model was trained using semisynthetic training data generated using image composition and generative adversarial neural networks,which greatly reduced the risk of annotation uncertainties and annotation *** of the models to image time series revealed temporal patterns of greenness decay as well as the relative contributions of chlorosis and ***-based estimation of greenness decay dynamics was highly correlated with scoring-based estimations(r≈0.9).Contrasting patterns were observed for plots with different levels of foliar diseases,particularly septoria tritici *** results suggest that tracking the chlorotic and necrotic fractions separately may enable(a)a separate quantification of the contribution of biotic stress and physiological senescence on overall green leaf area dynamics and(b)investigation of interactions between biotic stress and physiological *** high-throughput nature of our methodology paves the way to conducting genetic studies of disease resistance and tolerance.

关键词： Wheat enable image

A unified field theory of topological defects and non-linear local excitations

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1092-1104页

作者： Vidar Skogvoll jonas Rønning Marco Salvalaglio luiza Angheluta Porelab Njord CentreDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of OsloP.O.Box 10480316 OsloNorway Institute of Scientific Computing TU Dresden01062 DresdenGermany Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science TU Dresden01062 DresdenGermany

Topological defects and smooth excitations determine the properties of systems showing collective *** introduce a generic non-singular field theory that comprehensively describes defects and excitations in systems with O(n)broken rotational *** this formalism,we explore fast events,such as defect nucleation/annihilation and dynamical phase transitions where the interplay between topological defects and non-linear excitations is particularly *** highlight its versatility,we apply this formalism in the context of Bose-Einstein condensates,active nematics,and crystal lattices.

关键词： excitation topological theory

Inverse single-site Fe_(1)(OH)_(x)/Pt(111)model catalyst for preferential oxidation of CO in H_(2)

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 709-715页

作者： Chunlei Wang Heloise Tissot Markus Soldemo Junling lu jonas Weissenrieder Materials and Nano Physics School of Engineering SciencesKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE-10044Sweden Department of Engineering and Physics Karlstad UniversityKarlstad SE-65188Sweden Department of Chemical Physics Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleKey Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Inverse oxide/metal model systems are frequently used to investigate catalytic structure-function relationships at an atomic *** means of a novel atomic layer deposition process,growth of single-site Fe_(1)O_(x) on a Pt(111)single crystal surface was achieved,as confirmed by scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).The redox properties of the catalyst were characterized by synchrotron radiation based ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(AP-XPS).After calcination treatment at 373 K in 1 mbar O_(2).the chemical state of the catalyst was determined as Fe^(3+).Reduction in 1 mbar H_(2) at 373 K demonstrates a facile reduction to Fe2+and complete hydroxylation at significantly lower temperatures than what has been reported for iron oxide *** reaction conditions relevant for preferential oxidation of CO in H_(2)(PROX),the catalyst exhibits a Fe3+state(ferric hydroxide)at 298 K while re-oxidation of iron oxide clusters does not occur under the same *** oxidation proceeds on the single-site Fei(OH)3 through a mechanism including the loss of hydroxyl groups in the temperature range of 373 to 473 K,but no reaction is observed on iron oxide *** results highlight the high flexibility of the single iron atom catalyst in switching oxidation states,not observed for iron oxide nanoparticles under similar reaction conditions,which may indicate a higher intrinsic activity of such single interfacial sites than the conventional metal-oxide *** summary,our findings of the redox properties on inverse single-site iron oxide model catalyst may provide new insights into applied Fe-Pt catalysis.

关键词： inverse single-site model catalyst Fe_(1)O_(x)/PPt(111) PROX atomic layer deposition synchrotron radiation AP-XPS STM

Cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells sense tumor-derived Il-15: a novel mechanism of cancer immunosurveillance

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第10期7卷 3628-3629页

作者： Tobias Franz jonas Negele Sascha Kahlfuss Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology Medical FacultyOtto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene Medical FacultyOtto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation(GCI3)Medical FacultyOtto-Von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Center for Health and Medical Prevention(CHaMP) Otto-von-Guericke-UniversityMagdeburgGermany

Recently,li and colleagues provided in Nature immunology1 a novel mechanism of immunosurveillance in epithelial tumors,in which cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells(IlCs)sense Il-15 secreted by the tumor *** the adaptive immune system,including CD8+cytotoxic lymphocytes(CTls),and innate immune cells such as Natural Killer(NK)cells are capable of providing antitumor immunity through the release of perforins and *** addition,also cytotoxic group 1 innate lymphoid cells(IlC1s)were reported to exert NK cell-like antitumor cell cytotoxicity.

关键词： lymphoid immunity mechanism

Timing of breeding as a determinant of nest success of the vulnerable Chestnut Seedeater(Sporophila cinnamomea)in grasslands of southern South America

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Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 126-135页

作者： jonas Rafael Rodrigues Rosoni Carla Suertegaray Fontana Caio JoséCarlos Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Biologia Animal Departamento de ZoologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUFRGSAvenida Bento Gonçalves950091501-970Porto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil laboratório de Ornitologia Museu de Ciências e TecnologiaPrograma de Pós-Graduacão em Ecologia e Evolucão da BiodiversidadePontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do SulPUCRSAvenida Ipiranga668190619-900Porto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil Departamen to de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUFRGSAvenida Bento Gonçalves950091501-970Porto AlegreRio Grandedo SulBrazil

The breeding traits of Sporophila seedeaters have been relatively well studied in recent years;nevertheless,a group of ten species in the genus,known as southern capuchinos,remain *** is the case with Chestnut Seedeater(Sporophila cinnamomea),a species vulnerable to extinction,which breeds in the grasslands of southeast South America and,after reproduction,migrates towards the Cerrado region in central ***,we investigated breeding ecology and calculated average clutch size,productivity,the sex ratio of nestlings,and estimated nest *** we tested(1)whether there is a relationship between the number of active nests and environmental variables,(2)whether the nestling sex ratio deviates from the 1:1 ratio,(3)whether clutch size varies between breeding seasons,and(4)whether the nest success is related to starting date,nest age,plant support,nest height from the ground,and clutch *** two breeding seasons(October-March 2018-2020),we monitored 98 *** generated survival models with five interacting covariates to assess the survival of the *** recorded the entire breeding period for Chestnut Seedeater,which was estimated to be 4.6 months,similar to other migratory *** size did not differ between breeding *** sex ratio of nestlings was not significantly different from the 1:1 *** success was 31%,and predation was the leading cause of unsuccessful nests(83%).The daily survival rate was 0.95±*** main predictor of nest survival was the covariate starting *** findings,added to other aspects of the species’natural history described here,may help illuminate the ecology and behavior of Chestnut Seedeater and other southern endangered capuchinos,and grassland-dependent species of South America.

关键词： Brood parasitism Clutch size Neotropical grassl ands Nest age Nest predation Nest survival