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Clinical and economic consequences of pancreatic fistula after elective pancreatic resection

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第5期12卷 533-539页

作者： Filip Ceka Bohumil jon Zdeněk ubrt Alexander Ferko Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové Department of Field Surgery Military Health Science FacultyHradec KrálovéDefence University Brno

BACKGROUND:Postoperative pancreatic fistula is the main cause of morbidity after pancreatic *** study aimed to quantify the clinical and economic consequences of pancreatic fistula in a medium-volume pancreatic surgery ***:Hospital records from patients who had undergone elective pancreatic resection in our department were *** fistula was defined according to the International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula(ISGPF).The consequences of pancreatic fistula were determined by treatment cost,hospital stay,and out-patient follow-up until the pancreatic fistula was completely *** costs of the treatment are calculated in *** cost increase index was calculated for pancreatic fistula of grades A,B,and C as multiples of the total cost for the no fistula ***:In 54 months,102 patients underwent elective pancreatic *** patients(39.2%) developed pancreatic fistula,and 54 patients(52.9%) had one or more *** median length of hospital stay for the no fistula,grades A,B,and C fistula groups was 12.5,14,20,and 59 days,*** hospital stay of patients with fistula of grades B and C was significantly longer than that of patients with no fistula(P<0.001).The median total cost of the treatment was 4952,4679,8239,and 30 820 Euros in the no fistula,grades A,B,and C fistula groups,***:The grading recommended by the ISGPF is useful for comparing the clinical severity of fistula and for analyzing the clinical and economic consequences of pancreatic *** fistula prolongs the hospital stay and increases the cost of treatment in proportion to the severity of the fistula.

关键词： pancreatic resection pancreatic fistula cost analysis

Permo-Triassic Magnetostratigraphy in Wulong Area, Sichuan, China

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Science China Chemistry 1994年第2期37卷 203-212页

作者：陈海泓孙枢李继亮 FriedrichHeller jonDobson Friedrich Heller and jon Dobson Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonic Evolution Institute of Geology Academia Sinica Beijing 100029 PRC) Swiss Federal Institute of Technology CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute of Technology CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland)

The Permo-Triassic boundary in Wulong area, Sichuan Province, South China lies in a continuous marine carbonate succession with abundant fossil records. Two well-exposed sections were sampled for magnetostratigraphic studies. The experimental results of rock magnetism reveal that the samples from the Triassic limestones contain only magnetites among which 70% are multi-domain. The ChRM direction is carried by remaining 30% of single-domain magnetite. The Permian limestone samples are dominated by single-domain to superparamagnetic magnetites with little ChRM direction due to their fine-grained texture. Nevertheless, the polarity determination is still possible based on the NRM vector changes during thermal demagnetization. A Permo-Triassic polarity profile in Wulong area is established in the paper, and a tentative correlation with other known profiles is pursued. The authors suggest that the Illawarra reversal starts at the upper part of Wujiapingian, while some normal polarity events may exist in

关键词： Permo-Triassic rock magnetism polarity profile.

Dehydroepiandrosterone:a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment and rehabilitation of the traumatically injured patient

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Burns & Trauma 2019年第1期7卷 248-260页

作者： Conor Bentley jon Hazeldine Carolyn Greig Janet Lord Mark Foster NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre University Hospital BirminghamBirmingham B152WBUK School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research Institute of Inflammation and AgeingBirmingham University Medical SchoolBirmingham B152TTUK NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital BirminghamBirminghamUK Royal Centre for Defence Medicine Birmingham Research ParkBirmingham B152SQUK.

Severe injuries are the major cause of death in those aged under 40,mainly due to road traffic ***,metabolic and immune pathways respond to limit the tissue damage sustained and initiate wound healing,repair and regeneration ***,depending on age and sex,the response to injury and patient prognosis differ *** are catabolic and immunosuppressive and are produced as part of the stress response to injury leading to an intra-adrenal shift in steroid biosynthesis at the expense of the anabolic and immune enhancing steroid hormone dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA)and its sulphated metabolite dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate(DHEAS).The balance of these steroids after injury appears to influence outcomes in injured humans,with high cortisol:DHEAS ratio associated with increased morbidity and *** models of trauma,sepsis,wound healing,neuroprotection and burns have all shown a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines,improved survival and increased resistance to pathological challenges with DHEA *** supplementation studies,which have focused on post-menopausal females,older adults,or adrenal insufficiency have shown that restoring the cortisol:DHEAS ratio improves wound healing,mood,bone remodelling and psychological ***,there are no DHEA or DHEAS supplementation studies in trauma patients,but we review here the evidence for this potential therapeutic agent in the treatment and rehabilitation of the severely injured patient.

关键词： Dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate Traumatic injury Intensive care Immune Rehabilitation

Pigs fed camelina meal increase hepatic gene expression of cytochrome 8b1, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and thiosulfate transferase

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 215-221页

作者： William jon Meadus Pascale Duff Tanya McDonald William R Caine AAFC-Lacombe 6000 C&E TrailLacombeABCanada T4L 1 W1 School of Innovation Olds College4500-50th St.OldsABCanada T4H 1R6 Caine Research Consultinq Box #1124NiskuABCanada T9E 8A8

Comelina sotivo is an oil seed crop which can be grown on marginal lands. Camelina seed oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids （〉35%） and y-tocopherol but is also high in erucic acid and glucosinolates. Camelina meal, is the by-product after the oil has been extracted. Camelina meal was fed to 28 d old weaned pigs at 3.7% and 7.4% unt age 56 d. The camelina meal supplements in the soy based diets, improved feed efficiency but also significantly increased the liver weights. Gene expression analyses of the livers, using intra-species microarrays, identified increased expression of phase 1 and phase 2 drug metabolism enzymes. The porcine versions of the enzymes were confirmed by real time PCR. Cytochrome 8b1 （CYPSB1）, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 （Aldh2）, and thiosulfate transferase （TST） were all significantly stimulated. Collectively, these genes implicate the camelina glucosinolate metabolite, methyl-sulfinyldecyl isothiocyanate, as the main xeniobiotic, causing increased hepatic metabolism and increased liver weight.

关键词： Camelina meal Gene expression Glucosinolates Pig liver

In vivo evidence of IGF-I–estrogen crosstalk in mediating the cortical bone response to mechanical strain

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Bone Research 2014年第1期2卷 55-60页

作者： Subburaman Mohan Chetan Girijanand Bhat jon E Wergedal Chandrasekhar Kesavan Musculoskeletal Disease Center VA Loma Linda Healthcare System Department of Medicine Loma Linda University Department of Biochemistry Loma Linda University Department of Physiology Loma Linda University

Although insulin-like growth factor-I （IGF-I） and estrogen signaling pathways have been shown to be involved in mediating the bone anabolic response to mechanical loading, it is not known whether these two signaling pathways crosstalk with each other in producing a skeletal response to mechanical loading. To test this, at 5 weeks of age, partial ovariectomy （pOVX） or a sham operation was performed on heterozygous IGF-I conditional knockout （H IGF-I KO） and control mice generated using a Cre-loxP approach. At 10 weeks of age, a 10 N axial load was applied on the right tibia of these mice for a period of 2 weeks and the left tibia was used as an internal non-non-loaded control. At the cortical site, partial estrogen loss reduced total volumetric bone mineral density （BMD） by 5% in control pOVX mice （P=0.05, one-way ANOVA）, but not in the H IGF-I KO pOVX mice. At the trabecular site, bone volume/total volume （BV/TV） was reduced by 5%-6% in both control pOVX （P〈0.05） and H IGF-I KO pOVX （P=0.05） mice. Two weeks of mechanical loading caused a 7 %-8% and an 11%-13% （P〈0.05 vs. non-loaded bones） increase in cortical BMD and cortical thickness （***）, respectively, in the control sham, control pOVX and H IGF-I KO sham groups. By contrast, the magnitude of cortical BMD （4%, P=0.13） and *** （6%, P〈0.05） responses were reduced by 50% in the H IGF-I KO pOVX mice compared to the other three groups. The interaction between genotype and estrogen deficiency on the mechanical loading-induced cortical bone response was significant （P〈0.05） by two-way ANOVA. Two weeks of axial loading caused similar increases in trabecular BV/TV （13%-17%） and thickness （17%-23%） in all four groups of mice. In conclusion, partial loss of both estrogen and IGF-I significantly reduced cortical but not the trabecular bone response to mechanical loading, providing in vivo evidence of the above crosstalk in mediating the bone response to loading.

关键词： bone IGF estrogen crosstalk in mediating the cortical bone response to mechanical strain

北极地区气候变暖对莎草地上和地下部分物候和生物量的影响

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第5期15卷 1091-1105页

作者： Ting Ma Thomas Parker Ned Fetcher Steven L.Ungers jon Gewirtzman Michael L.Moody Jianwu Tang The Ecosystems Center Marine Biological LaboratoryWoods HoleMA 02543USA College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of StirlingStirlingUK Institute for Environmental Science and Sustainability Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePA 18766USA Department of Biological Sciences Florida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA Yale School of the Environment New HavenCT 06520USA Department of Biological Sciences University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA

北极地区的土壤和植被中存储了大量的碳,在气候变化的大背景下,北极升温速度几乎是地球其他地区的2倍。由于缺乏同步测量,尚不清楚北极地区植被地上部分和地下部分的物候和生物量对气候变化的反应。在2016和2017年的生长季节,我们在北极... 详细信息

北极地区的土壤和植被中存储了大量的碳,在气候变化的大背景下,北极升温速度几乎是地球其他地区的2倍。由于缺乏同步测量,尚不清楚北极地区植被地上部分和地下部分的物候和生物量对气候变化的反应。在2016和2017年的生长季节,我们在北极的Toolik Lake站点上建立了一个移植花园,并沿纬度变化从高到低依次从Sagwon、Toolik Lake和Coolfoot这3个站点移植了3种不同生态类型的莎草(Eriophorum vaginatum)。一半莎草用作增温处理,另一半为控制处理。我们用物候相机、手持式光谱仪和微根窗分别观测3种生态型莎草的绿色度、归一化植被指数(NDVI)和根长动态,根据NDVI和根长计算了叶片和细根的生物量。研究发现,莎草的叶和根生长是异步的,叶片开始生长的时间比根系生长的时间早约28天。气温升高1℃会延迟叶片衰老的时间,从而延长生长期,但温度升高对根系物候没有显着影响,变暖在统计学上没有增加叶片和根的生物量。此外,叶片生长的季节动态受气温的影响,但根的生长与土壤融化深度有关。因此,我们建议在使用碳和养分循环模型时,应将叶和根成分分开考虑,因为地上和地下的以及功能属性可能对气候变暖有不同的反应。

关键词：莎草物候气候变暖地上生物量地下生物量

Control of APN/CD13 and NEP/CD10 on sperm motility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第6期12卷 899-902页

作者： Nerea Subiran Francisco M. Pinto Ekaitz Agirregoitia Luz Candenas jon Irazusta Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of the Basque Country Leioa Bizkaia 48940 Spain Chemical Research Institute - CSiC University of Seville Seville 41092 Spain

Aminopeptidase N （APN/CD13） and neutral endopeptidase （NEP/CD10） are enzymes present in human sperm cells and involved in regulation of sperm motility of noncapacitated spermatozoa. We investigated the involvement of APN/CD 13 and NEP/CD 10 in motility and in kinematic parameters of human capacitated spermatozoa. Sperm cells isolated by a discontinuous Percoll gradient （40%-80%） followed up by swim-up techniques were incubated with the APN/CD 13 -specific inhibitor, leuhistin （100 μmol L^-1）, and the NEP/CD 10-specific inhibitor, thiorphan （1 μmol L^-1）. The complete inhibition of both APN/CD 13 and NEP/CD 10 improved sperm motility. Spermatozoa incubated with the APN/CD13-specific inhibitor lenhistin showed asymmetrical trajectories, whereas sperm trajectories were more regular after treatment with the NEP/CD 10-specific inhibitor thiorphan. In conclusion, APN/CD 13 and NEP/CD 10 modulate the motility of capacitated spermatozoa, although each of the enzymes seems to participate in the control of different aspects of sperm motility. Therefore, both inhibitors may be useful for sperm activation at different functional stages of spermatozoa.

关键词： APN/CD13 human hypcractivation kinematic motility NEP/CD10 sperm

Interferon regulatory factor-1 mediates the release of high mobility group box-1 in endotoxemia in mice

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第5期126卷 918-924页

作者： PAN Pin-hua jon Cardinal LI Mo-li HU Cheng-ping Allan Tsung Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine XiangyaHospital Central South University Changsha Hunan 410008China Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA15213 USA

Background The extracellular release of the danger signal high mobility group box-1 （HMGB1） has been implicated in the pathogenesis and outcomes of sepsis. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for HMGB1 release can lead to the identification of targets that may inhibit this process. The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor-1 （IRF-1） is an important mediator of innate immune responses and has been shown to participate in mortality associated with endotoxemia; however, its role in mediating the release of HMGB1 in these settings is unknown. Methods Male IRF-1 knockout （KO） and age matched C57BL/6 wild type （WT） mice were given intraperitoneal （IP） injections of lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. In some experiments, 96 hours survival rates were observed. In other experiments, mice were sacrificed 12 hours after LPS administration and sera were harvested for future analysis. In in vitro study, RAW 264.7 murine monocyte/macrophage-like cells or primary peritoneal macrophage obtained from IRF-1 KO and WT mice were cultured for LPS mediated HMGB1 release analysis. And the mechanism for HMGB1 release was analyzed by immune-precipitation. Results IRF-1 KO mice experienced less mortality, and released less systemic HMGB1 compared to their WT counterparts. Exogenous administration of recombinant HMGB1 to IRF-1 KO mice returned the mortality rate to that seen originally in IRF-1 WT mice. Using cultures of peritoneal macrophages or RAW264.7 cells, in vitro LPS stimulation induced the release of HMGB1 in an IRF-1 dependent manner. And the janus associated kinase （JAK）-IRF-1 signal pathway appeared to participate in the signaling mechanisms of LPS-induced HMGB1 release by mediating acetylation of HMGBI. Conclusion IRF-1 plays a role in LPS induced release of HMGB1 and therefore may serve as a novel target in sepsis~

关键词： interferon regulatory factor-1 endotoxin danger signaling high mobility group box-1 acetylation

Sperm speed is associated with sex bias of siblings in a human population

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 152-154页

作者： Jim A Mossman jon Slate Tim R Birkhead Harry D Moore Allan A Pacey Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Box G Brown University Providence Rhode Island 02912 USA Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield Western Bank Sheffield S10 2TN UK Centre for Stem Cell Biology Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sheffield Western Bank Sheffield $10 2TN UK Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine Department of Human Metabolism School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Sheffield $10 2SF UK

Recent studies investigating possible causes of male subfertility have largely focused on how lifestyle or environmental factors impact on the process of spermatogenesis, Markedly, fewer studies have investigated those risk factors that result in reduced sperm quality, such as poor sperm motility. The speed at which sperm swim is a major predictor of fertility and is extremely variable in human populations. It has been hypothesized that offspring sex may be adaptively manipulated to maximize the offspring＇s reproductive fitness （e.g., parents with genes for good male fertility traits, such as high sperm speed, would produce primarily sons and fewer daughters because the offspring will inherit advantageous male fertility genes）. Conversely, parents with poor male fertility genes would produce primarily daughters, We tested whether there was an association between how fast a man＇s sperm swam and the sex bias of his siblings in a sample of men attending clinic for fertility investigations with their partner and with a wide range of semen characteristics, including sperm speed. We found that the sex bias of a man＇s siblings is associated with his sperm speed; men with female-biased siblings had significantly slower sperm （judged using computer-assisted sperm analysis （CASA）） than men from male-biased sibships. This observation suggests family composition is an important factor that needs to be considered in future eDidemiological and clinical studies of human fertility,

关键词： computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) fertility intralocus sexual conflict male offspring sex ratio sexual antagonism