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Effects of soil physical properties on soil loss due to manual yam harvesting under a sandy loam environment

International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2016年第2期4卷 121-125页

作者： Pius Olufemi Olusegun Dada Olusegun Rasheed Adeyanju Olayemi johnson Adeosun johnson kayode adewumi Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of AgricultureAbeokuta P.M.B.2240AbeokutaOgun StateNigeria

Soil degradation is a growing problem worldwide because it reduces the fertile top layer of the soil available for food production and one such degradative action is soil erosion due to the harvesting of *** loss due to crop harvesting with particular reference to yam tubers has not been quantified globally despite the fact that yam is a major staple food consumed worldwide and it is prevalent in many parts of *** yams in our environment is usually done with the soil attached to the yams due to the fact that farmers do not want additional work of removing soil attached to the *** study investigates the soil physical properties that influence soil loss due to yam harvesting in Abeokuta,South-Western Nigeria and to assess the quantity of soil loss due to yam *** on representative sampling area per location,yam tubers were harvested manually within the entire yam farmland from October to December *** weight,net weight and the amount of soil adhering to the yams were *** of soil physical properties such as soil moisture content,heap bulk density,inter-heap bulk density and soil texture were investigated with respect to soil *** results showed that moisture content ranged from 4%to 15%,heap bulk density ranged from 0.93 to 1.29 g cm^(-3) and inter-heap bulk density ranged from 1.03 to 1.50 g cm^(-3).They all had a positive correlation with soil *** particle size analysis for Federal University of Agricultural,Abeokuta(FUNAAB)and Alabata revealed that sand content was(86.78%and 88.32%),clay content(10.69%and 7.6%)and silt content,(2.53%and 4.08%)*** also revealed that clay content of the soil positively influenced the total soil loss during the yam *** mean soil losses in Federal University of Agriculture,Abeokuta(FUNAAB)and Alabata village yam farms were 4303 and 2125 kg/ha/harvest *** study also revealed that soil moisture content at harvesting time and clay

关键词： Heap bulk density Manual yam harvesting Soil degradation Soil loss Soil physical properties

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Soil Detachment with Organic Mulching Using Rainfall Simulator in Comparison with a Short Duration Natural Rainfall for Effective Soil Conservation

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第6期11卷 457-469页

作者： johnson kayode adewumi John Jiya Musa Olayemi johnson Adeosun Otuaro Ebierin Akpoebidimiyen Adebola Adekunle Babafemi Sunday adewumi Department of Agricultural & Bioresources Engineering College of Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Department of Agricultural & Bioresources Engineering School of Infrastructure Process Engineering and Technology Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria

The impact of raindrop on sandy soil was studied using rainfall simulator and natural rainfall to determine average soil detached. Erosion by rainfall is one of the major hazards threatening the productivity of farmlands. This study determined the rate of soil detachment in comparison between natural rainfall and simulated rainfall for effective soil conservation measure. The height of the simulator was varied considering the diameter of the nozzles which were considered during the design stage of the rain simulator. Two plots of dimensions 2 m × 2 m each were cleared with one considered for bare and treated soils for both the natural rainfall and simulated rainfall. Splash cups were installed on each of the plots at half depth of the cup after the clearing of the area at 0.4 m × 0.4 m apart. Two sets of rain gauge were placed at the experimental site to note the volume of natural rainfall on the farm. The average soil detached was analysed using statistical analysis where t-test was also carried out to know the difference in mean. There was a significant difference in the degree of soil detachment between bare and treated soil under natural rainfall experiment;t(18) = 8.917, p η2) = 0.8154) reveals that the nature of soil accounted for 81.5% variance in the average detachment rate. For simulated experiments with a mean value of 7.3360 have higher tendency of detachment than treated soil with a mean value of 4.2240. Size of effect (Eta-square (η2) = 0.630) reveals that the soil types accounted for 63% variance in the average detachment. It was concluded that 40.33% soil was found to be conserved using the cow dungs mixe

关键词： Bare Rainfall Simulator Soil Treated

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Effect of Land Management on Soil Hydraulic Conductivity in Gidan Kwano, Niger State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Forestry 2021年第2期11卷 108-116页

作者： John Jiya Musa Otuaro Ebierin Akpoebidimiyen Pius Olufemi Olusegun Dada johnson kayode adewumi Yahaya Usman Gupa Department of Agriculture and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria Civil Engineering Department Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria Department of Agriculture and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Department of Agricultural and Environmental Resource Engineering University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria

Hydraulic conductivity is one of the most important parameters for flow and transport related phenomena in soil and also a criterion for measuring soil ability to transfer water. There is concern arising from the suitability, efficiency and ease of the different measuring methods use under different land management practices. The purpose of this paper is to determine and evaluate soil hydraulic conductivity under different land management practices which include forest land (teak and Melina plantation), grassland and maize cultivated land using the constant head method. The measurement is at different depth of 0 - 15 cm, 15 - 25 cm, 25 - 50 cm, 50 - 75 cm. The limited means of each land use were used to compare the result obtained through statistical means. All tests were carried out using SPSS at a significance level of 0.05. An ANOVA test was conducted to check if each of the land use is significantly different. The soil in forest zone (Teak plantation and Gmalina plantation) had a significantly high bulk density as 1.7533 cm-3 and 1.6967 cm-3 respectively at depth 50 - 75 cm compared to the low bulk density in the grass, maize cultivated land as 1.5000 cm-3 and 1.4833 cm-3 respectively at depth 50 - 75 cm. However, soil hydraulic conductivity was significantly high in the grass site or soil at the surface with 2.8833 cm·h-1. Results obtained from the different land use serve as Knowledge of variability of soil that can assist in defining the best strategies for sustainable soil management through the pro

关键词： Bulk Density Land Management Practices Porosity Soil Hydraulic Conductivity

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Influence of Water Harvesting Practices on Farmer＇s Productivity in Semi-Arid Areas of Nigeria

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2015年第1期5卷 8-14页

作者： johnson kayode adewumi Adeyinka Sobowale Are Kolawole Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta 110001 Nigeria Faculty of Management and Social Sciences Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida University Lapai 911101 Nigeria

Rain water harvesting practices and their effects on the productivity of farming systems in the semi-arid areas of Nigeria have been investigated using participatory rural appraisal (PRA) technique. There was no direct water harvesting interventions by government agencies in the area. Farmers take advantage of naturally existing depressions and abandoned burrow pits close to their farmlands to harvest rain water for surface irrigation using petrol engine pumps. The reservoirs surveyed were found to be grossly inadequate in the drought period. Water budget analysis revealed that evaporation and seepage losses from reservoirs were high in both agro-ecological zone considered. The application of rain water harvesting practices was found to have increased farmers income by 61% and 125% in the Sahel and Sudan Savannah agro-ecological zones, respectively. Governments at all levels in these areas need to support these farmers in order to boost their production to achieve food security in these drought prone areas. Farmers lack timely access to farm credit and agricultural inputs; the indigenous water harvesting practices identified need to be enhanced with the aid of agricultural engineering extension services.

关键词：半干旱地区生产性能尼日利亚农民集水参与式农村评估农业生态区雨水收集

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Performance Evaluation of Dry Season Okra under Sawdust and Trash Mulch Cover Treatments in Southwestern Nigeria

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2013年第8期3卷 337-341页

作者： Oladipo Isaac Olaposi adewumi johnson kayode Dairo Olawale Usman Adejuyigbe Samuel Babatope Ajayi Ebenezer Ayodele Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria The Federal Polytechnic Department of Agricultural and Bioenvironmental Engineering PMB Ado Ekiti Nigeria

This paper reports the experimental investigation of the agronomic performance of okra under various quantities of both sawdust and trash mulches. The location of the field was the research farmland of the Federal Polytechnic Ado Ekiti Nigeria;Lat 6?N and Long 16?E. The experimental design used was complete randomized design with 6 treatments on both specimens. The experiments were repeated the following year on the same plot but with transposed plot allocation. Soil moisture loss from uncovered plot was with the highest value dropping to less than 2 per cent. It was followed by that of trash plot and the lowest loss was on sawdust mulched plot. The number of leave formed by okra on sawdust, trash and no mulch plots was 43, 36 and 27 respectively while maximum girth diameter was 37 mm in both trash and sawdust covered plots but okra plant on control plot attained only 26 mm diameter. Fruit yield were almost similar to trash and sawdust mulched okra having 7.5 and 7.6 Tonnes/Ha respectively while control plot recorded 5.2 Tonnes/Ha. The ash content of dry matter of sawdust, trash and no mulched plants was 0.25, 0.20 and 0.17 kg respectively. It was concluded that sawdust could perform as much as the traditional trash materials commonly used in Southwestern Nigeria. Also, sawdust was a good material for conserving soil moisture.

关键词： Evapotranspiration Carbon Capture Agronomic Development Soil Moisture Climate Change

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Analysis of Soil Water Dynamics in a Tropical Rain Forest Soil （Arinic lixisol）, Abeokuta, Nigeria

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第6期4卷 494-503页

作者： Sobowale Adeyinka adewumi johnson kayode Ogunniranye Gabriel Bayo Sajo Opeyemi Samuel Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta 110001 Ogun State Nigeria Department of Agriculture Joseph Ayo Babalola University llesha 233121 Osun State Nigeria

Soil water dynamics in the dominant Iwo soil series (Arinic lixisol) were evaluated at the Federal University of Agriculture, Alabata, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Field capacity, infiltration and water retention characteristics were evaluated in situ for a period of 161 d in the dry season for two root zone depths. Results show that the Iwo soil series has a field capacity ranging from 2.6%-5.5% at 0-45 cm and 45-90 cm root zone depths, respectively. The soil is quick draining with high infiltration rate and very poor water retention capacity confirming that the soil will require a short irrigation interval of about 2-3 d since available water for plant growth in predominantly sandy soils ranges between 2%-8%. Based on the foregoing, sprinkler irrigation is best suited for the Iwo soil series, it should, however, be noted that the water application rate must be less than the infiltration rate of the soil in order to prevent surface ponding and runoff. A multivariate model relating soil moisture content with soil moisture tension and soil temperature calibrated within the study had very low model accuracy of 56% and 45% for the two root zone depths, respectively, implying the need for further studies.

关键词：土壤水分动态尼日利亚热带雨林渗透速率塔田间持水量土壤含水量多变量模型

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