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Palm Red Mite Management with Soursop Seed Plant Residue Extracts

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第4期14卷 541-552页

作者： Ana Beatriz Mamedes Piffer Evellyn Zuqui Bolsoni Isabella Merlo Fornaciari Anderson Mathias Holtz johnatan jair de paula marchiori Jose Romário de Carvalho Ronilda Lana Aguiar Patrícia Soares Furno Fontes Bruna de Oliveira Magnani Campus Itapina Federal Institute of Espírito Santo Colatina Brazil Campus Seropédica Federal University Rural of Rio de Janeiro Seropédica Brazil Secretary of State for Education of Espírito Santo Gua&#231uí Brazil

Raoiella indica Hirst, 1924 (Prostigmata: Tenuipalpidae), is one of the leading pest mites in palm and banana trees, however, there are few control methods available for this pest species. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the acaricidal effect of soursop seed extract (Annona muricata L.) on R. indica adults. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design using soursop seed extract with 7 replicates and 12 individuals of R. indica per replicate. The experimental units consisted of discs of coconut palm leaves (4 cm in diameter), with cotton moistened at the bottom of the Petri dish (10.0 × 1.2 cm) and around the disc to maintain turgor and prevent mites from escaping. The application was performed using an airbrush, connected to a calibrated compressor with a constant pressure of 1.3 psi and 1 mL of solution per repeat plate. The acaricidal effect was evaluated 24, 48, and 72 hours after spraying. Mortality data were corrected and submitted to Probit analysis (p ≤ 0.05) using the statistical program R, with the LC50 and LC90 calculated for the extract. At the maximum concentration (15%), the soursop seed extract showed mortality of 70% of individuals of R. indica, and the LC50 was 6.58%. It was concluded that the soursop seed extract showed acaricidal potential on R. indica in the laboratory.

关键词： Annona muricata Raoiella indica Alternative Control Agro-Industrial Residue

What Do Seedlings Like? The Relationship between Seedling Richness and Abundance with Abiotic Factors

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第6期14卷 767-774页

作者： johnatan jair de paula marchiori Vinicius de Souza Oliveira Eduarda Carriço Ana Clara Bayer Bernabé Anderson Mathias Holtz Ronilda Lana Aguiar Ana Beatriz Mamedes Piffer Gilcéa Teixeira Fontana Boone Ricardo Amaro de Sales Lusiane de Sousa Ferreira department of Environmental Sciences/Phytotechnics department Federal University Rural of Rio de Janeiro-Seropédica Rio de Janeiro Brazil Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo Alegre Espírito Santo Brazil Laboratory of Entomology and Acarology Federal Institute of Espírito Santo Campus Itapina Colatina Espírito Santo Brazil Agriculture department State University Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Botucatu S&#227o Paulo Brazil

Natural regeneration is the interaction of natural processes to restore the forest ecosystem. Its dynamics are influenced by the intensity and extent of a series of abiotic and biotic factors, which may be intrinsic or extrinsic. Knowing the importance of establishing natural regeneration within forest ecosystems, this work aimed to evaluate whether litter depth and trail distance influenced seedling abundance and richness in a forest fragment undergoing natural restoration. The hypothesis tested in this research was that abiotic factors influence the natural regeneration of this forest since they are factors that are directly linked to seed germination and seedling establishment. 30 plots of 1 m2 were randomly analyzed within the forest located on the brown trail. A millimeter ruler was used to diagnose the litter depth and a measuring tape to measure the distance from the plot to the edge. In each plot the seedlings were morpho-specified and each morphospecies had the number of individuals counted. Linear regression tests were performed to assess the relationships between species richness and trail distance and litter depth. The same was done for species abundance. All results showed that there is no relationship pattern between any of the variables. Other factors also influence the regeneration of a forest, such as luminosity and seed bank. Furthermore, litter depth is related to the successional stage of the forest. It was concluded that the abiotic factors tested do not influence the regeneration of the study area.

关键词： Abiotic Factors Natural Regeneration Forest Ecosystem

Each Epiphyte on Its Branch: A Comparative Study between Different Phorophytes

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第5期14卷 636-644页

作者： johnatan jair de paula marchiori Vinicius de Souza Oliveira Eduarda Carriço Ana Clara Bayer Bernabé Anderson Mathias Holtz Ronilda Lana Aguiar Ana Beatriz Mamedes Piffer Gilcéa Teixeira Fontana Boone Lusiane de Sousa Ferreira Bruna de Oliveira Magnani Federal University Rural of Rio de Janeiro Seropédica Brazil Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo Alegre Brazil Federal Institute of Espírito Santo Campus Itapina Colatina Brazil State University Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Botucatu Brazil

Epiphytes are plants that use the mechanical support provided by a host tree, called phorophytes, without emitting haustorial structures. Constituting an important component of the flora, playing an important role in the maintenance of ecosystems, such as water and nutrient cycling, in addition to providing resources, sometimes unique, such as food and shelter, for the canopy fauna. However, the epiphytic flora may show high beta diversity, even when compared with different phorophytes, possibly as a response to the dendromorphological characteristics of the phorophyte. Thus, this work aims to: 1) compare whether the species richness of epiphytes differs in trees with different morphological characteristics, and 2) compare species composition among three tree species. For this, 10 individuals of three tree species were selected: Guaria guidonia, Ficus sp., and Roystonea oleracea. In each individual, the number of species (richness) of vascular epiphytes was recorded and obtained from the species composition. To test differences in richness values between the three trees, we used analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test. To understand whether the epiphyte community formed separate groups according to the tree species used, we used the available non-metric multidimensional scaling method (NMDS). Thirty-four species of epiphytes were found in the 30 phorophytes surveyed. The three tree species showed significantly different richness, with the highest found in Guarea guidonea and the lowest in Roystonea oleraceae. The NMDS showed that epiphytes group the three tree species into distinct groups, although Ficus sp individuals present a transitional community between the two other species. Thus, the results suggest that the differences in the richness and composition of the epiphytic flora of the different phorophytes are influenced by their distinct morphological characteristics.

关键词： Atlantic Forest Ecological Reserve Tree Species

Palm Red Mite Management with Soursop Seed Plant Residue Extracts

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Agricultural Sciences（农业科学） 2023年第4期

Where Are the Bromeliads? A Study on Different Trails in the Ecological Reserve of Guapiaçu, RJ

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Agricultural Sciences（农业科学） 2023年第2期

作者： johnatan jair de paula marchiori Vinicius de Souza Oliveira Gilcéa Teixeira Fontana Boone Luan Luciano dos Santos Pereira Natália Cristina Barbosa de Moura Ana Beatriz Mamedes Piffer Anderson Mathias Holtz Lusiane de Sousa Ferreira Raquel Cetto Sampaio

What Do Seedlings Like? The Relationship between Seedling Richness and Abundance with Abiotic Factors

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Agricultural Sciences（农业科学） 2023年第6期

Each Epiphyte on Its Branch: A Comparative Study between Different Phorophytes

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Agricultural Sciences（农业科学） 2023年第5期

Integrating species and successional classes for wood production in a mixed forest restoration system in a neotropical region

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第6期32卷 2313-2321页

作者： Ananias Francisco Dias Junior Ana Lucia Martins Sodero Pincelli Ana paula Camara da Silva Alison Moreira da Silva Natalia Dias de Souza Mario Tommasiello Filho Jose Otavio Brito Wood and Forestry Science department Federal University of EspIrito Santo(UFES)Av.Governador Lindemberg316JerOnimo Monteiro CityES 29550-000Brazil São Paulo State School of Technology(FATEC/SP) Av.DiacOno Jair de Oliveira651PiracicabaSP 13414-141Brazil Forest Products department Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro(UFRRJ)BR 465km 07SeropEdicaRJ 29890-000Brazil University of SAo Paulo “Luiz de Queiroz”College of Agriculture(USP/ESALQ)Av.PAdua Dias11PiracicabaSP 13418-900Brazil

As forests in neotropical regions,particularly in developing countries,are devastated,interventions to restore biodiversity and its ecological functions are *** producers have thus been encouraged to grow trees for wood production as an economic *** objective of this study was to quantify the increment of wood density of four forest species from different successional classes of a mixed system of restoration in a neotropical forest in *** discs were sampled at breast height and analyzed radially by X-ray densitometry to obtain apparent density and basic *** trees each of a species from the pioneer,early and late secondary successional stages and of the dominant species in the climax *** radial profiles indicated increasing density from the pith to bark of trunks,except for some variations due to wood defects and *** density was 0.576 g cm^(-3),0.655 g cm^(-3),0.706 g cm^(-3)and 0.775 g cm^(-3),respectively,for Peltophorum dubium,Schinus terebinthifolius,Cariniana estrellensis and Hymenaea *** profiles indicated higher amplitudes in the apparent densities for slow-growing species.X-ray densitometry generated parameters such as minimum,average and maximum densities,and radial density *** parameters are important for understanding the ecological functional role of successional classes of the Atlantic Forest from the Neotropical region.

关键词： X-ray densitometry Timber species of neotropical forest Successional classes of forest species Maintenance of forest restoration