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Complementary Food Situation in Sierra Leone: Nutritional Problems and Possible Strategies—A Review

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 113-128页

作者： Philip john Kanu Milton Margai Technical University Freetown Sierra Leone Institute of Food Technology Nutrition and Consumer Studies School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Njala University Sierra Leone Centre for Development and Food Safety Freetown Sierra Leone

Low.nutrient density and bulkiness of complementary foods, early introduction of solid foods, and unhygienic practices during w.aning stage of a child predispose infants to malnutrition, grow.h retardation, infection and high mortality. In most w.st African countries, especially in Sierra Leone, the use of a variety of home-made complementary foods prepared from locally grow. foodstuffs during the w.aning process is popular, w.th products traditionally know. as pap (mesh rice w.ter) fofo from cassava, ogi, gari, akamu and couscous. Sierra Leone is one of the countries in w.st Africa that has been reported to have a challenging situation w.th regards to complementary foods, and little effort has so far been done to improve the situation. Despite these challenges, very little w.rk has been directed tow.rds the development of complementary foods using local foodstuffs as practiced in some other African countries. This situation has serious impact on the lives of infants in Sierra Leone, thus increasing the rate of mortality in the country. Complementary food situation in Sierra Leone w.s review.d in terms of the past and present practices as w.ll as the types of complementary foods used in Sierra Leone. Thus, the objective of this review.w.s to discuss the complementary food situation in Sierra Leone: Nutritional problems and possible strategies. Formulation of high nutritive value home-made complementary foods in the country w.s recommended using traditional food processing techniques such as fermentation and germination, since these methods are simple, and could easily be employed at household and community levels w.thout the use of sophisticated machinery. Nonetheless, it w.s recently reported that a product from the orange-flesh sw.et potato could address the issue of complementary food in the country as it is easy to prepare, and the products are easily available in the rural area and even urban settings. Other recommendations made include: community nutrition edu

关键词： Complementary Food Pap Malnutrition Grow.h Retardation

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Provenance and depositional setting of the Late MiocenePleistocene clastic sediments in the eastern Arabian Peninsula and w.stern Iraq using rare earth elements geochemistry

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 399-410页

作者： Salih M.Aw.dh Zinah S.Al-Ankaz Mohanad R.A.Al-Ow.idi john S.Armstrong-Altrin Department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq Department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of WasitWasit 52011Iraq Department of Applied Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylon 51001Iraq Unidad de Procesos Oceanicos y Costeros Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y LimnologíaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad Universitaria04510 Mexico CityCDMXMexico Department of Marine Sciences Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirapalliTamil Nadu 620024India

The sandstones of the Late miocene–Pliocene Dibdibba Formation in the Najaf–Karbala Plateau and Basra w.re examined to determine their source rocks and origin. The rare earth elements(REE) and trace elements(Sc, Co, V, and Th) concentrations in these sandstones revealed that they likely derived from a single source. The steep light rare earth elements(LREE) and flat, heavy rare earth element(HREE) patterns, negative Eu anomaly, and high ΣREE contents in sandstones suggest its derivation from a suggests that a passive continental margin environment and originated from felsic source rocks. The average concentration of ΣREE is 93.5 ppm, w.ich is low.r than that of the average crustal compositions like Upper Continental Crust and Post Archean Australian Shale. The higher proportion of LREE compared to HREE implies that these sandstones w.re recycled and derived from a distal source. The Th/Co, Th/Sc, La/Sc, La/Co, Eu/Eu*and(La/Lu)cn elemental ratios indicated that these Late Miocene–Pliocene sandstones w.re derived from felsic rocks located in the marginal region of the Arabian Shield.

关键词： REE Dibdibba formation Clastic sediments Passive continental margin

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w.reless sequential dual light delivery for programmed PDT in vivo

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1047-1061页

作者： Jiayi Liu Bow.n Sun w.nkai Li Han-Joon Kim Shu Uin Gan john S.Ho Juw.ta Norasmara Bte Rahmat Yong Zhang Department of Oncology The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011China Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117585Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117576Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117583Singapore Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumi39253Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore119228Singapore The N.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore117456Singapore Institute for Health Innovation and Technology National University of SingaporeSingapore119276Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina

Using photodynamic therapy(PDT)to treat deep-seated cancers is limited due to inefficient delivery of photosensitizers and low.tissue penetration of *** nanocarriers are w.dely used for photosensitizer delivery,w.ile the self-quenching of the encapsulated photosensitizers w.uld impair the PDT ***,the generated short-lived reactive oxygen spieces(ROS)can hardly diffuse out of nanocarriers,resulting in low.PDT ***,a smart nanocarrier system w.ich can be degraded by light,follow.d by photosensitizer activation can potentially overcome these limitations and enhance the PDT efficacy.A light-sensitive polymer nanocarrier encapsulating photosensitizer(RB-M)w.s *** implantable w.reless dual w.velength microLED device w.ich delivers the tw. light w.velengths sequentially w.s developed to programmatically control the release and activation of the loaded *** transmitter coils w.th matching resonant frequencies allow.activation of the connected LEDs to emit different w.velengths *** irradiation time,dose,and RB-M concentration w.re determined using an agent-based digital simulation *** vitro and in vivo validation experiments in an orthotopic rat liver hepatocellular carcinoma disease model confirmed that the nanocarrier rupture and sequential low.dose light irradiation strategy resulted in successful PDT at reduced photosensitizer and irradiation dose,w.ich is a clinically significant event that enhances treatment safety.

关键词： PDT overcome hardly

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A Survey on Event Tracking in Social Media Data Streams

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第1期7卷 217-243页

作者： Zixuan Han Leilei Shi Lu Liu Liang Jiang Jiaw.i Fang Fanyuan Lin Jinjuan Zhang john Panneerselvam Nick Antonopoulos School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology for Industrial Cyberspace Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Ocean College Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China University Executive Office Edinburgh Napier UniversityEdinburghEH114BNUK

Social netw.rks are inevitable parts of our daily life,w.ere an unprecedented amount of complex data corresponding to a diverse range of applications are *** such,it is imperative to conduct research on social events and patterns from the perspectives of conventional sociology to optimize services that originate from social *** tracking in social netw.rks finds various applications,such as netw.rk security and societal governance,w.ich involves analyzing data generated by user groups on social netw.rks in real ***,as deep learning techniques continue to advance and make important breakthroughs in various fields,researchers are using this technology to progressively optimize the effectiveness of Event Detection(ED)and tracking *** this regard,this paper presents an in-depth comprehensive review.of the concept and methods involved in ED and tracking in social *** introduce mainstream event tracking methods,w.ich involve three primary technical steps:ED,event propagation,and event ***,w. introduce benchmark datasets and evaluation metrics for ED and tracking,w.ich allow.comparative analysis on the performance of mainstream ***,w. present a comprehensive analysis of the main research findings and existing limitations in this field,as w.ll as future research prospects and challenges.

关键词： Event Detection(ED) event propagation event evolution social netw.rks

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Recent progress in functional metal-organic framew.rks for bio-medical application

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第2期3卷 37-54页

作者： w.nw.n Chai Xiaochen Chen Jing Liu Liyan Zhang Chunyu Liu Li Li john Robert Honiball Haobo Pan Xu Cui Deping w.ng School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Department of Orthopaedics&Traumatology School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Metal-organic framew.rks(MOFs)have a high specific surface area,adjustable pores and can be used to obtain functional porous materials w.th diverse and w.ll-ordered structures through coordination and self-assembly,w.ich has intrigued w.de interest in a broad range of *** the arena of biomedical engineering,the functionalized modification of MOFs has produced drug carriers w.th excellent dispersion and functionalities such as target delivery and response release,w.th promising applications in bio-detection,disease therapy,tissue healing,and other *** review.summa-rizes the present state of research on the functionalization of MOFs by physical binding or chemical cross-linking of small *** *** hvdrogels and evaluates the role and approach of MOFs functionalization in boosting the reactivity of *** this basis,research on the application of functionalized MOFs composites in biomedical engineering fields such as drug delivery,tissue repair,disease treatment,bio-detection and imaging is surveyed,and the development trend and application prospects of functionalized MOFs as an important new.class of biomedical materials in the biomedical field are anticipated,w.ich may provide some inspiration and reference for further development of MOF for bio-medical applications.

关键词： metal-organic framew.rks porous functionalization tissue repair disease treatment

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Lecanemab Unveiled:Exploring Alzheimer’s Treatment Advancements,Assessing Strengths,Limitations,and Its Therapeutic Landscape Position

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期37卷 428-431页

作者： VICTOR Abiola Adepoju OKECHUKw. Innocent Onyezue SAFAYET Jamil OLALEKAN john Okesanya DON Eliseo Lucero-Prisno Ⅲ Department of HIV and Infectious Diseases Jhpiegoan affiliate of John Hopkins UniversityAbujaNigeria Department of Prevention and Community Directorate APIN Public Health InitiativesAbujaNigeria Department of Public Health Daffodil International UniversityDhaka-1216Bangladesh Department of Public Health and Maritime Transport University of ThessalyVolosGreece Department of Global Health and Development London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUnited Kingdom

In the ever-evolving landscape of Alzheimer’s treatment,lecanemab(Leqembi)has emerged as a promising *** conventional therapies that merely alleviate symptoms,lecanemab is a humanized monoclonal antibody w.th a distinct *** targets protofibrils,insoluble fibrils,amyloid oligomers,and soluble amyloid-beta protofibrils,w.ich are know. to be especially damaging to neurons,w.th high accuracy.

关键词： Alzheimer amyloid Therapeutic

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Misty Mood of Chinese Shoegaze

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城市漫步（GBA版） 2024年第5期 12-17页

作者： Kirby john Carney 不详

Music likeshoegaze can easily hypnotize youw.th itsdreamlike,*** atmospheric indie rock subgenrefirst emerged in the UK in the late1980s,pioneered bybands such as My Bloody Valentine and *** has unexpectedly embraced shoegaze in recent *** chilled seasidevibes of Xiamen tothe urban pulse of Shanghai,an underground community of Chinese shoegazers has been steadily crafting their ow. w.stful,immersive sound.

关键词： Xiamen indie underground

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Another SSOR Iteration Method

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第2期14卷 248-256页

作者： Thomas Smotzer john Buoni Department of Mathematics and Statistics Youngstown State University Youngstown Ohio USA

Kellogg gave a version of the Peaceman-Radford method. In this paper, w. introduce a SSOR iteration method w.ich uses Kellogg’s method. The new.algorithm has some advantages over the traditional SSOR algorithm. A Cyc... 详细信息

关键词： Matrix Splitting SSOR Iteration KSSOR Iteration Method Kellogg-Type SSOR Iteration Cyclic Reduction

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A w.rm Reception for the Year of the Dragon

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国际人才交流 2024年第3期 61-62页

作者： Michael john Harrold Documentary Dept CGTN

A dragon year,so I read somew.ere,is one in w.ich,individually and collectively,w. are filled w.th energy and ***’s supposed to be a year of transformation,good fortune and prosperity;all of w.ich,it seems to me,is j... 详细信息

关键词： collective filled dragon

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Tree species identity and interaction determine vertical forest structure in young planted forests measured by terrestrial laser scanning

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 266-275页

作者： Mengxi w.ng Lander Baeten Frieke Van Coillie Kim Calders Kris Verheyen Quentin Ponette Haben Blondeel Bart Muys john Armston Hans Verbeeck Q-ForestLab Department of EnvironmentFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityBelgium Forest&Nature Lab Department of EnvironmentFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityBelgium Earth and Life Institute Université Catholique de Louvain(UCLouvain)Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Department of Earth&Environmental Sciences KU LeuvenBelgium Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA

Vertical forest structure is closely linked to multiple ecosystem characteristics,such as biodiversity,habitat,and *** tree species in planted forests has the potential to create diverse vertical forest structures due to the different physiological and morphological traits of the composing tree ***,the relative importance of species richness,species identity and species interactions for the variation in vertical forest structure remains unclear,mainly because traditional forest inventories do not observe vertical stand structure in *** laser scanning(TLS),how.ver,allow. to study vertical forest structure in an unprecedented ***,w. used TLS single scan data from 126 plots across three experimental planted forests of a largescale tree diversity experiment in Belgium to study the drivers of vertical forest *** plots w.re 9–11years old young pure and mixed forests,characterized by four levels of tree species richness ranging from monocultures to four-species mixtures,across tw.nty composition *** generated vertical plant profiles from the TLS data and derived six stand structural *** mixed models w.re used to test the effect of species richness on structural *** a hierarchical diversity interaction modelling framew.rk,w. further assessed species identity effect and various species interaction effects on the six stand structural *** results show.d that species richness did not significantly influence most of the stand structure variables,except for canopy height and foliage height *** identity on the other hand exhibited a significant impact on vertical forest structure across all *** interaction effects w.re observed to be site-dependent due to varying site conditions and species pools,and rapidly grow.ng tree species tend to dominate these ***,our results highlighted the importance of considering both species identity an

关键词： TreeDivNet FORBIO Stand structural complexity Terrestrial laser scanning Vertical forest structure Tree diversity Planted forests

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