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Adjuvant Rectal Diclofenac for Post Operative Analgesia after Caesarean Section—A Randomized Controlled Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 591-609页

作者： Eziaha Eric S. Ede Ayodele A. Olaleye john C. Irechukwu Uchenna Nelson Nwaedu Borniface N. Ejikeme Vincent Chidiebere Ali Bartholomew I. Olinya Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Pain management following caesarean section still remains a challenge in our environment. Most potent analgesics are either not readily available or expensive. Diclofenac suppository is an NSAID that can be used for postoperative analgesia. It is available and affordable. OBJECtIVE: to compare the efficacy and safety of combined rectal diclofenac and intramuscular pentazocine with intramuscular pentazocine alone for post operative pain control following lower segment caesarean section. MEtHODOLOGY: A total of 120 women who met the selection criteria scheduled for caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine were randomized into two equal groups to receive either 75 mg diclofenac suppository 12 hourly for 24 hours or one anusol suppository (the placebo) 12 hourly for 24 hours. Both groups received pentazocine as primary analgesia. RESULt: the primary outcome measure is the proportion of patients with severe pain at 24 hours using the visual analogue rating scale. Secondary outcome measures are the time from surgery to ambulation, Passage of flatus, maternal satisfaction and presence of complications. Statistical analysis was done using spss version 22 and graph pad statistical package. Student t-test was used for continuous variables whereas chi square was used for categorical variables P CONCLUSION: Adjuvant rectal diclofenac is superior to pentazocine alone in the management of pain after caesarean section. Less number of patients had moderate to severe pain at 24 hours post operation. Maternal satisfaction in relation to pain management is better with diclofenac suppository. the levels of complications were comparable in both groups.

关键词： Pain Caesarean Section Diclofenac Placebo Suppository

An interferometric ex vivo study of corneal biomechanics under physiologically representative loading,highlighting the role of the limbus in pressure compensation

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Eye and Vision 2020年第5期7卷 412-422页

作者： Abby wilson john Jones john Rtyrer john Marshall wolfson School of Mechanical Manufacturing and Electrical EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK Laser Optical Engineering Ltd. DerbyshireUK Institute of Ophthalmology UCLLondonUK

Background:the mechanical properties of the cornea are complex and regionally *** paper uses an original method to investigate the biomechanics of the cornea in response to hydrostatic loading over the typical physiological range of intra-ocular pressure(IOP)fluctuations thereby increasing understanding of clinically relevant corneal biomechanical properties and their contributions to the refractive properties of the ***:Displacement speckle pattern interferometry(DSPI)was used to measure the total surface displacement of 40 porcine and 6 human corneal-scleral specimens in response to pressure variations up to 1 mmHg from a baseline of 16.5 *** specimens were mounted in a modified artificial anterior chamber(AAC)and loaded *** of high strain in response to loading were identified by comparing the displacements across different ***:the nature of the response of the corneal surface to loading demonstrated high regional topographic *** properties were shown to be asymmetrical,and deformation of the limbal and pre-limbal regions dominated these responses respectively with over 90%(N-t)and 60%(S-I)of the total maximum displacement occurring in these regions indicating *** contrast,the curvature of the central cornea remained relatively unchanged merely translating in ***:the limbal and pre-limbal regions of the cornea appear to be fundamental to the absorption of small pressure fluctuations facilitating the curvature of the central cornea to remain relatively *** differential mechanical properties of this region could have important implications for the application of corneal surgery and corneal crosslinking,warranting further investigation.

关键词： Cornea Biomechanics Interferometry Limbus topography

Iron-carbon composite microspheres prepared through a facile aerosol-based process for the simultaneous adsorption and reduction of chlorinated hydrocarbons

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第5期9卷 939-947页

作者： Bhanukiran SUNKARA Yang SU Jingjing ZHAN Jibao HE Gary L. MCPHERSON Vijay t. john Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA Coordinated Instrumentation Facility Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans

Iron-carbon （Fe-C） composite microspheres prepared through a facile aerosol-based process are effective remediation agents for the simultaneous adsorp- tion and reduction of chlorinated hydrocarbons. Complete dechlorination was achieved for the class of chlorinated ethenes that include tetrachloroethylene （PCE）, trichlor- oethylene （tCE）, cis- and trans-l,2-dicloroethylene （c- DCE, t-DCE）, 1,1-dichloroethylene （1,1-DCE） and, vinyl chloride （VC）. the Fe-C particles potentially provides multi-functionality with requisite characteristics of adsorp- tion, reaction, and transport for the effective in situ remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons. the carbon support immobilizes the ferromagnetic iron nanoparticles onto its surface, thereby inhibiting aggregation. the adsorptive nature of the carbon support prevents the release of toxic intermediates such as the dichloroethylenes and vinyl chloride. the adsorption of chlorinated ethenes on the Fe-C composites is higher （〉 80%） than that of humic acid （〈 35%） and comparable to adsorption on commercial activated carbons （〉 90%）. the aerosol-based process is an efficient method to prepare adsorptive- reactive composite particles in the optimal size range for transport through the porous media and as effective targeted delivery agents for the in situ remediation of soil and groundwater contaminants.

关键词： chlorinated ethene iron-carbon aerosol,adsorption reductive dechlorination

Mapping of metastasis suppressor genes for prostate cancer by microcell-mediated chromosome transfer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2000年第3期2卷 167-171页

作者： tomohiko ICHIKAwA Shigeru HOSOKI Hiroyoshi SUZUKI Koichiro AKAKURA tatsuo IGARASHI Yuzo FURUYA Mitsuo OSHIMURA Carrie w.RINKER-SCHAEFFER Naoki NIHEI J.Carl BARREtt john t.ISAACS Haruo ItO Department of Urology Chiba University School of MedicineChiba 260-8670Japan Department of Urology Teikyo University School of MedicineIchihara HospitalIchihara 299-0111Japan Department of Molecular and Cell Genetics School of MedicineTottori UniversityYonago 683-8503Japan Department of Surgery Section of UrologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60637USA Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNational Insitute of HealthResearch Triangle ParkNorth Carolina 27709USA the johns Hopkins Oncology Center BaltimoreMaryland 21231USA

Aim:to identify the metastasis suppressor genes for prostate ***:A copy of human chromosomeswas introduced into the highly metastatic Dunning R-3327 rat prostate cancer cells by the use of microcell-mediatedchromosome *** between the size of human chromosomes introduced into microcell hybrid clonesand the number of lung metastases produced by the clones were analyzed to determine which part of human chromo-somes contained the metastasis suppressor gene(s)for prostate *** determine portions of human chromosomesintroduced,G-banding chromosomal analysis,fluorescence in sim hybridization analysis,and polymerase chain reac-tion analysis were ***:Each of microcell hybrid clones containing human chromosomes 7,8,10,11,12,or 17 showed decreased ability to metastasize to the lung without any loss of *** demonstratesthat these human chromosomes contain metastasis suppressor genes for prostate *** deletion of portionsof human chromosomes was observed in the human chromosome 7,10,11,12,and 17 *** the human chromo-some 8 study,irradiated microcell-mediated chromosome transfer was performed to enrich chromosomal arm deletionsof human chromosome *** and cytogenetic analyses of microcell hybrid clones demonstrated that metastasissuppressor genes on human chromosomes were located on 7q21-22,7q31.2-32,8p21-12,10q11-22,11p13-11.2,12p11-q13,12q24-ter,and *** and MKK4/SEKI were identified as metastasis suppressor genes from11p11.2 and 17p12,***:this assay system is useful to identify metastasis suppressor gene(s)for prostate cancer.

关键词： prostate cancer metastasis metastasis suppressor gene chromosome

Artificial intelligence applications in inflammatory bowel disease:Emerging technologies and future directions

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第17期27卷 1920-1935页

作者： john Gubatan Steven Levitte Akshar Patel tatiana Balabanis Mike t wei Sidhartha R Sinha Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineRedwood CityCA 94063United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a complex and multifaceted disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that is increasing in incidence worldwide and associated with significant *** rapid accumulation of large datasets from electronic health records,high-definition multi-omics(including genomics,proteomics,transcriptomics,and metagenomics),and imaging modalities(endoscopy and endomicroscopy)have provided powerful tools to unravel novel mechanistic insights and help address unmet clinical needs in *** the application of artificial intelligence(AI)methods has facilitated the analysis,integration,and interpretation of large datasets in IBD,significant heterogeneity in AI methods,datasets,and clinical outcomes and the need for unbiased prospective validations studies are current barriers to incorporation of AI into clinical *** purpose of this review is to summarize the most recent advances in the application of AI and machine learning technologies in the diagnosis and risk prediction,assessment of disease severity,and prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with IBD.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Clinical outcomes

Higher incidence of steroid-induced ocular hypertension in keratoconus

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Eye and Vision 2016年第1期3卷 29-36页

作者： Anastasios john Kanellopoulos Emerson M.Cruz Robert Edward t.Ang George Asimellis Laservision.gr Clinical and Research Eye Institute 17 Tsocha StreetAthens Postal Code:11521Greece NYU Medical School New YorkNYUSA Asian Eye Institute MakatiPhilippines

Background:to compare intraocular pressure(IOP)changes following topical dexamethasone administration for 1 month in keratoconic versus normal ***:this is a retrospective,single-center,non-randomized case series evaluation of 350 *** groups were formed:normal/control Group A(n_(A)=73),eyes that underwent excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy;and keratoconic(KCN)Group B(n_(B)=277),eyes that were subjected to partial laser photorefractive keratectomy combined with collagen cross-linking(the Athens Protocol).All eyes received the same post-operative regimen of topical dexamethasone 0.1%for at least 1 *** applanation tonometry IOP readings and central corneal thickness(CCt)measurements were *** with induced ocular hypertension(OHt,defined as post-operative IOP higher than 21 mmHg),were identified and correlated to refractive procedure,gender,and corneal ***:At 4 weeks postoperatively,OHt was noted on 27.4%(20/73 eyes)in Group A,and 43.7%(121/277 eyes)in KCN Group B,(pths post-operatively(following 5-months of discontinuing topical dexamethasone treatment and commencing treatment of IOP-lowering medications),OHt rate was 1.8%in Group A and 3.9%in the KCN Group ***:this study demonstrates a potentially significant pre-disposition of keratoconic eyes to the development of steroid-induced OHt.

关键词： Keratoconus Intraocular pressure Corticosteroid induced ocular hypertension IOP spike Corneal collagen cross-linking CXL the Athens protocol topography-guided Photorefractive keratectomy Dexamethasone topical ophthalmic solution

the Function of GABA in Plant Cell Growth, Development and Stress Response

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第8期92卷 2211-2225页

作者： Yue Jin Lulu Zhi Xin tang Yilin Chen john t.Hancock Xiangyang Hu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops Research Center for Natural ProductsPlant Science CenterSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China School of Applied Sciences College of HealthScience and SocietyUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK

Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)is a ubiquitous four-carbon non-protein amino acid that is involved in various physiological processes of plant growth and development,such as root architecture,stem elongation,leaf senescence,pollen tube growth,fruit ripening,and seed *** is also related to plant stress responses,such as drought,salt,cold,and heat *** of GABA in plant stress responses is complex and involves multiple signaling pathways,including calcium and hormone *** paper systematically reviews the synthesis,metabolic pathways and regulatory role of GABA in plants,which will provide new insights into the understanding of plant growth and stress responses and offer novel strategies for improving crop productivity and stress.

关键词： GABA stress growth and development

2018 Continues Record Global Ocean warming

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第3期36卷 249-252页

作者： Lijing CHENG Jiang ZHU john ABRAHAM Kevin E.tRENBERtH john t.FASULLO Bin ZHANG Fujiang YU Liying wAN Xingrong CHEN Xiangzhou SONG International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of St.thomas School of Engineering National Center for Atmospheric Research Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of Sciences National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources of China College of Oceanography Hohai University Bureau of territorial and Spatial Planning Ministry of Natural Resources

the increasing heat-trapping gases emitted by human activities into the atmosphere produce an energy imbalance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing longwave radiation that leads to global heating(Rhein et al.,2013;trenberth et al.,2014;von Schuckmann et al.,2016).the vast majority of global warming heat ends up deposited in the world’s oceans,and ocean heat content(OHC)change is one of the best—if not the best—metric for climate change(Cheng et al.,2019).In 2018,continued record heat was measured in the Earth’s climate *** fact,2018 has set a new record of ocean heating,surpassing 2017,which was the previous warmest year ever recorded(Cheng et al.,2018)(Fig.1).

关键词： increasing heat-trapping activities imbalance

Fracture strength evaluation of titanium alloys using modified average stress criterion

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transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2013年第4期23卷 1072-1079页

作者： H.BRIGHtON ISAAC john t.CHRIStOPHER Sardar Raja College of Engineering AlangulamTirunelveli-627808India Government College of Engineering PerumalpuramTirunelveli-627007India

Structural integrity procedures were used to demonstrate the fitness for the purpose of engineering components transmitting loads. the prediction of the fracture strength of titanium alloys containing sharp notches through the damage model depends on the un-notched strength and the critical length of the damage zone ahead of the notch. In general, the critical length of the damage zone depends on the material, specimen, and size of the sharp notch. Modifications were made in one of the stress fracture criteria known as the average stress criterion for accurate prediction of notched tensile strength of titanium alloy specimen containing sharp notches. to examine the adequacy of these modifications, fracture data of center-cracked titanium alloys with various thicknesses are considered. the notched （fracture） strength estimates are found to be close to the test results. the modified average stress criterion is very simple to predict the notched tensile strength.

关键词： titanium alloys center crack tensile specimen stress criterion failure assessment diagram fracture strength