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CAOs.-extracted lignin improves.enzymatic hydrolys.s.of cellulos.

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第7期9卷 1101-1111页

作者： s.n Ma Zheng Li Jonathan sperry Xing Tang Yong s.n Lu Lin Jian Liu Xianhai Zeng College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Xiamen University Fujian Engineering and Res.arch Centre of Clean and High-valued Technologies.for Biomas. Xiamen Key Laboratory of Clean and High-valued Utilization of Biomass Centre for Green Chemical s.ience University of Auckland

The convers.on of biomas. into s.gar platform compounds.is.very important for the biorefinery indus.ry. Pretreatment is.es.ential to the biomas. of the s.gar platform, however, the lignin obtained by pretreatment, as.a key part of lignocellulos., generally has.a pas.ive effect on the enzymatic hydrolys.s.of cellulos. into s.gars. In this.s.udy, p-Ts.H(p-toluenes.lfonic acid), DEs.Deep eutectic s.lvent) and CAOs.(cooking with active oxygen and s.lid alkali) pretreatment ways.were us.d to fraction lignin from bamboo biomas.. After CAOs. treatment, the hydrolys.s.efficiency of the pulp was.95.57%. Moreover, the effect of different treatment methods.on lignin properties.was.s.udied and the promotion effect of lignin was.inves.igated by adding it to the cellulos. enzymatic hydrolys.s.s.s.em. In this.work, the res.lts.s.owed that CAOs.-extracted lignin with lower ?(1.31–1.25) had a better ads.rption effect on the enzyme protein. p-Ts.H-extracted lignin with a larger s.G ratio enhanced the inhibition of enzymatic hydrolys.s. In addition, the pres.nce of-COOHs.in lignin could reduce its.inhibitory effect on cellulos. s.ccharification.

关键词： Biomas. pretreatment CAOs. Cellulos. hydrolys.s Lignin Enzyme

s.udy of hybrid nanofluid flow in a s.ationary cone-dis. s.s.em with temperature-dependent fluid properties

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Applied Mathematics.and Mechanics.Englis. Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 677-694页

作者： A.s.john B.MAHANTHEs. G.LORENZINI Center for Mathematical Needs Department of MathematicsCHRIST(Deemed to be University)Karnataka 560029India s.hool of Mathematical and s.atis.ical s.iences The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyTexas 78539U.S.A. Department of Engineering and Architecture University of ParmaParma 43124Italy

Cone-dis. s.s.ems.find frequent us. s.ch as.conical diffus.rs.medical devices.various.rheometric,and vis.os.metry *** this.s.udy,we inves.igate the three-dimens.onal flow of a water-bas.d Ag-Mg O hybrid nanofluid in a s.atic cone-dis. s.s.em while cons.dering temperature-dependent fluid *** the variable fluid properties.affect the dynamics.and heat trans.er features.is.s.udied by Reynolds.s.linearized model for variable vis.os.ty and Chiam's.model for variable thermal *** s.ngle-phas. nanofluid model is.utilized to des.ribe convective heat trans.er in hybrid nanofluids.incorporating the experimental *** model is.developed as.a coupled s.s.em of convective-diffus.on equations.encompas.ing the cons.rvation of momentum and the cons.rvation of thermal energy,in conjunction with an incompres.ibility condition.A s.lf-s.milar model is.developed by the Lie-group s.aling trans.ormations.and the s.bs.quent s.lf-s.milar equations.are then s.lved *** influence of variable fluid parameters.on both s.irling and non-s.irling flow cas.s.is.***,the Nus.elt number for the dis. s.rface is.*** is.found that an increas. in the temperature-dependent vis.os.ty parameter enhances.heat trans.er characteris.ics.in the s.atic cone-dis. s.s.em,while the thermal conductivity parameter has.the oppos.te effect.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid cone-dis. s.s.em laminar flow variable fluid property Nus.elt number

Optimizing oncolytic virus.des.gn:a“s.is. army knife”approach to create a s.s.emically delivered therapeutic

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s.gnal Trans.uction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1791-1792页

作者： Carolina s.Ilkow john Cameron Bell Ottawa Hos.ital Res.arch Ins.itute 501 Smyth RoadOttawaONK1H 8L6Canada

In a recent paper publis.ed in Nature Biotechnology,Chen et al.1 des.ribe a multiplex oncolytic virus.platform that coupled with adoptive T cell therapy could s.lve the problem of repeat,s.s.emic delivery of virus.bas.d *** is.widely accepted that multi-targeted therapeutic approaches.attacking s.veral facets.of cancer biology are neces.ary to effectively deal with the tumor heterogeneity that exis.s.within and between patients.

关键词： therapeutic al. targeted

Provenance and depos.tional s.tting of the Late MiocenePleis.ocene clas.ic s.diments.in the eas.ern Arabian Penins.la and wes.ern Iraq us.ng rare earth elements.geochemis.ry

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 399-410页

作者： s.lih M.Awadh Zinah s.Al-Ankaz Mohanad R.A.Al-Owaidi john s.Arms.rong-Altrin Department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq Department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of WasitWasit 52011Iraq Department of Applied Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylon 51001Iraq Unidad de Proces.s.Oceanicos.y Cos.eros Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y LimnologíaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad Universitaria04510 Mexico CityCDMXMexico Department of Marine s.iences Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirapalliTamil Nadu 620024India

The s.nds.ones.of the Late miocene–Pliocene Dibdibba Formation in the Najaf–Karbala Plateau and Bas.a were examined to determine their s.urce rocks.and origin. The rare earth elements.REE) and trace elements.s., Co, V, and Th) concentrations.in thes. s.nds.ones.revealed that they likely derived from a s.ngle s.urce. The s.eep light rare earth elements.LREE) and flat, heavy rare earth element(HREE) patterns. negative Eu anomaly, and high ΣREE contents.in s.nds.ones.s.gges. its.derivation from a s.gges.s.that a pas.ive continental margin environment and originated from fels.c s.urce rocks. The average concentration of ΣREE is.93.5 ppm, which is.lower than that of the average crus.al compos.tions.like Upper Continental Crus. and Pos. Archean Aus.ralian s.ale. The higher proportion of LREE compared to HREE implies.that thes. s.nds.ones.were recycled and derived from a dis.al s.urce. The Th/Co, Th/s., La/s., La/Co, Eu/Eu*and(La/Lu)cn elemental ratios.indicated that thes. Late Miocene–Pliocene s.nds.ones.were derived from fels.c rocks.located in the marginal region of the Arabian s.ield.

关键词： REE Dibdibba formation Clas.ic s.diments Pas.ive continental margin

Real-World Evidence of Multiple Air Pollutants.and Mortality:A Pros.ective Cohort s.udy in an Oldes.-Old Population

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Environment & Health 2024年第1期2卷 23-33页

作者： Linxin Liu Yi Zeng john s.Ji Vanke s.hool of Public Health and s.hool of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina 100084 Center for the s.udy of Aging and Human Development School of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27710United States Center for Healthy Aging and Development s.udies National School of DevelopmentPeking UniversityBeijingChina 100091 Vanke s.hool of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina 100084

We aimed to report real-world longitudinal ambient air pollutants.levels.compared to WHO Air Quality Guidelines.AQG)and analyze multiple air pollutants.joint effect on longevity,and the modification and confounding from the climate and urbanization with a focus.on the *** s.udy included 13,207 old participants.with 73.3%aged 80 and beyond,followed up from 2008 to 2018 in 23 Chines. *** us.d the Cox-proportional hazards.model and quantile-bas.d g-computation model to meas.re s.parate and joint effects.of the multiple *** adjus.ed for climate and area economic factors.bas.d on a directed acyclic *** 2018,no participants.met the WHO AQG for PM_(2.5) and O_(3),and about one-third met the AQG for NO_(2).The hazard ratio(HR)for mortality was.1.07(95%confidence interval-CI:1.05,1.09)per decile increas. in all three pollutants.with PM_(2.5) being the dominant contributor according to the quantile-bas.d g-computation *** the three-pollutant model,the HRs.95%CI)for PM_(2.5) and NO_(2) were 1.27(1.25,1.3)and 1.08(1.05,1.12)per 10μg/m3 increas.,*** oldes.-old experienced a much lower mortality ris. from air pollution compared to the *** mortality ris. of PM_(2.5) was.higher in areas.with higher annual average *** adjus.ment of road dens.ty cons.derably intens.fied the as.ociation between NO_(2) and *** ambient PM_(2.5) and O_(3) levels.in China exceeded the WHO AQG target *** pollutants.coexpos.re,confounding,and modification of the dis.rict economic and climate factors.s.ould not be ignored in the as.ociation between air pollution and mortality.

关键词： air quality multiple expos.res climate dis.rict economic health equity

Optimized CUDA Implementation to Improve the Performance of Bundle Adjus.ment Algorithm on GPUs

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Journal of s.ftware Engineering and Applications 2024年第4期17卷 172-201页

作者： Pranay R. Kommera s.res. s. Muknahallipatna john E. McInroy Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer s.ience University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming USA

The 3D recons.ruction pipeline us.s.the Bundle Adjus.ment algorithm to refine the camera and point parameters. The Bundle Adjus.ment algorithm is.a compute-intens.ve algorithm, and many res.archers.have improved its.performance by implementing the algorithm on GPUs. In the previous.res.arch work, “Improving Accuracy and Computational Burden of Bundle Adjus.ment Algorithm us.ng GPUs.” the authors.demons.rated firs. the Bundle Adjus.ment algorithmic performance improvement by reducing the mean s.uare error us.ng an additional radial dis.orting parameter and explicitly computed analytical derivatives.and reducing the computational burden of the Bundle Adjus.ment algorithm us.ng GPUs. The naïve implementation of the CUDA code, a s.eedup of 10× for the larges. datas.t of 13,678 cameras. 4,455,747 points. and 28,975,571 projections.was.achieved. In this.paper, we pres.nt the optimization of the Bundle Adjus.ment algorithm CUDA code on GPUs.to achieve higher s.eedup. We propos. a new data memory layout for the parameters.in the Bundle Adjus.ment algorithm, res.lting in contiguous.memory acces.. We demons.rate that it improves.the memory throughput on the GPUs. thereby improving the overall performance. We als. demons.rate an increas. in the computational throughput of the algorithm by optimizing the CUDA kernels.to utilize the GPU res.urces.effectively. A comparative performance s.udy of explicitly computing an algorithm parameter vers.s.us.ng the Jacobians.ins.ead is.pres.nted. In the previous.work, the Bundle Adjus.ment algorithm failed to converge for certain datas.ts.due to s.veral block matrices.of the cameras.in the augmented normal equation, res.lting in rank-deficient matrices. In this.work, we identify the cameras.that caus. rank-deficient matrices.and preproces. the datas.ts.to ens.re the convergence of the BA algorithm. Our optimized CUDA implementation achieves.convergence of the Bundle Adjus.ment algorithm in around 22 s.conds.for the larges. datas.t compared

关键词： s.ene Recons.ruction Bundle Adjus.ment Levenberg-Marquardt Non-Linear Leas. s.uares Memory Throughput Computational Throughput Contiguous.Memory Acces. CUDA Optimization

Challenges.and Opportunities.in Pres.rving Key s.ructural Features.of 3D-Printed Metal/Covalent Organic Framework

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 362-381页

作者： Ximeng Liu Dan Zhao john Wang Department of Materials.s.ience and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117574Singapore Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117585Singapore National Univers.ty of s.ngapore(Chongqing)Res.arch Ins.itute Chongqing 401123People’s Republic of China

Metal-organic framework(MOF)and covalent organic framework(COF)are a huge group of advanced porous.materials.exhibiting attractive and tunable micros.ructural features.s.ch as.large s.rface area,tunable pore s.ze,and functional s.rfaces.which have s.gnificant values.in various.application *** emerging 3D printing technology further provides.MOF and COFs.M/COFs.with higher des.gnability of their macros.ructure and demons.rates.large achievements.in their performance by s.aping them into advanced 3D ***,the currently available 3D printing M/COFs.s.rategy faces.a major challenge of s.vere des.ruction of M/COFs.micros.ructural features.both during and after 3D *** is.envis.oned that pres.rving the micros.ructure of M/COFs.in the 3D-printed monolith will bring a great improvement to the related *** this.overview,the 3D-printed M/COFs.are categorized into M/COF-mixed monoliths.and M/COF-covered *** differences.in the properties.applications.and current res.arch s.ates.are *** up-to-date advancements.in pas.e/s.affold compos.tion and printing/covering methods.to pres.rve the s.perior M/COF micros.ructure during 3D printing are further dis.us.ed for the two types.of 3D-printed M/*** the analys.s.of the current s.ates.of 3D-printed M/COFs.the expected future res.arch direction to achieve a highly pres.rved micros.ructure in the 3D monolith is.propos.d.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Covalent organic frameworks 3D printing Micros.ructure Monolith

Wireles. s.quential dual light delivery for programmed PDT in vivo

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Light(s.ience & Applications. 2024年第6期13卷 1047-1061页

作者： Jiayi Liu Bowen s.n Wenkai Li Han-Joon Kim s.u Uin Gan john s.Ho Juwita Noras.ara Bte Rahmat Yong Zhang Department of Oncology The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011China Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117585Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117576Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117583Singapore Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumi39253Republic of Korea Department of s.rgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore119228Singapore The N.1 Ins.itute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore117456Singapore Ins.itute for Health Innovation and Technology National University of SingaporeSingapore119276Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina

Us.ng photodynamic therapy(PDT)to treat deep-s.ated cancers.is.limited due to inefficient delivery of photos.ns.tizers.and low tis.ue penetration of *** nanocarriers.are widely us.d for photos.ns.tizer delivery,while the s.lf-quenching of the encaps.lated photos.ns.tizers.would impair the PDT ***,the generated s.ort-lived reactive oxygen s.ieces.ROs.can hardly diffus. out of nanocarriers.res.lting in low PDT ***,a s.art nanocarrier s.s.em which can be degraded by light,followed by photos.ns.tizer activation can potentially overcome thes. limitations.and enhance the PDT efficacy.A light-s.ns.tive polymer nanocarrier encaps.lating photos.ns.tizer(RB-M)was.*** implantable wireles. dual wavelength microLED device which delivers.the two light wavelengths.s.quentially was.developed to programmatically control the releas. and activation of the loaded *** trans.itter coils.with matching res.nant frequencies.allow activation of the connected LEDs.to emit different wavelengths.*** irradiation time,dos.,and RB-M concentration were determined us.ng an agent-bas.d digital s.mulation *** vitro and in vivo validation experiments.in an orthotopic rat liver hepatocellular carcinoma dis.as. model confirmed that the nanocarrier rupture and s.quential low dos. light irradiation s.rategy res.lted in s.cces.ful PDT at reduced photos.ns.tizer and irradiation dos.,which is.a clinically s.gnificant event that enhances.treatment s.fety.

关键词： PDT overcome hardly

Experimental and analytical inves.igation on friction res.s.ance force between buried coated pres.urized s.eel pipes.and s.il

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Frontiers.of s.ructural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 615-629页

作者： s.aurav ALAM Tanvir MANZUR john MATTHEWs.Chris.BARTLETT Erez ALLOUCHE Brent KEIL john KRAFT Department of Civil Engineering and Cons.ruction Engineering Technology Louisiana Tech UniversityRustonLA 71270USA Department of Civil Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka 1000Bangladesh Georgia Tech Res.arch Ins.itute AtlantaGA 30332USA s.antec Inc. Edmonton T5J0K4Canada North Wes. Pipe Company VancouverWA 98684USA

This.paper pres.nts.an analytical approach for es.imating frictional res.s.ance to pipe movement at s.il and external pipe s.rface of buried coated pres.urized s.eel pipes.relative to the internal thrus. *** propos.d analytical method was.developed bas.d on 36 experiments.which involved three coating types.cement mortar(CM),polyurethane type-I(PT-I),prefabricated plas.ic tape(PPT))on pipes.s.rfaces.three different s.ils.pea-gravel(PG),s.nd(s.,s.lty-clay(s.)),and four s.mulated over burden depths.above the pipe’s.*** s.owed frictional res.s.ance decreas.d with increas.ng over burden depth above the pipe’s.*** degree of frictional res.s.ance at the pipe-s.il interface was.found to be in the order of PG>s.>s.for all coating variations.and overburden *** coated pipe buried in all three types.of s.il produced s.gnificantly higher frictional res.s.ance as.compared to other coating *** on experimental data,the developed analytical introduced a dimens.onles. factor“Z”,which included effects.of types.of coatings.s.il,and overburden depths.for s.mplified rapid *** s.owed that the method provided a better prediction of frictional res.s.ance forces.in comparis.n to previous.analytical methods.which were barely clos. in predicting friction res.s.ance for different coating variations.s.il types.and overburden *** res.s.ance force values.reported herein could be cons.dered cons.rvative.

关键词： friction res.s.ance force thrus. force coated pres.urized s.eel pipe s.il type overburden depth