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Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation impr.ves pr.tein utilization efficiency while vitamin E supplementation r.duces mar.er. of the inflammator. r.sponse in weaned pigs challenged with enter.toxigenic ***

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Jour.al of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 143-153页

作者： Jae Cheol Kim Br.ce P. Mullan john L. Black r.ber. J. E. Hewitt r.ber. J. van Bar.eveld john r. pluske School of Veter.nar. and Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA 6150 Australia Depar.ment of Agr.cultur. and Food Pork Innovation South Perth WA 6151 Australia john L Black Consulting Warrimoo NSW 2774 Australia SunPor. Far.s Solutions Loganholme QLD 4129 Australia Bar.eveld Nutr.tion Pr. Ltd Loganholme QLD 4129 Australia

Backgr.und： This exper.ment was conducted to test the hypothesis that vitamin E（Vit E） and acetylsalicylic acid（ASA）, a cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2） inhibitor. will additively r.duce the pr.duction of the immunosuppr.ssive molecule pr.staglandin E_2（PGE_2） and hence r.duce inflammator. r.sponses in weaner.pigs exper.mentally infected with an enter.toxigenic str.in of E. ***： The exper.ment was conducted in a r.sear.h facility with 192 individually-housed male weaner.pigs（Landr.ce × Lar.e White） weighing 6.6 ± 0.04 kg（mean ± SEM）. The pigs wer. exper.mentally infected with an enter.toxigenic str.in of E. coli and wer. allocated to a 2 × 3 factor.al design with the r.spective factor. being without and with 125 ppm ASA and thr.e levels of Vit E supplementation（50, 100 or.200 IU/kg diet, dl-α-tocopher.l acetate）.r.sults： Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation impr.ved aver.ge daily gain（P 〈 0.05） and tended to impr.ve feed：gain r.tio（P 〈 0.10） dur.ng the fir.t 14 d after.weaning. Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation also impr.ved（P 〈 0.001） amino acid utilization efficiency（as assessed by plasma ur.a level） and tended to decr.ase（P 〈 0.10） PGE2 pr.duction in the liver.without affecting smal intestinal histology and tight junction pr.tein mr.NA expr.ssion in the jejunal epithelium. Vitamin E supplementation gr.ater.than 100 IU/kg diet sustained both the plasma Vit E concentr.tion（P 〈 0.001） and plasma haptoglobin content（P 〈 0.001） after.weaning. However. ther. was no additive effects of the combined supplementation of ASA and Vit E on per.or.ance, intestinal bar.ier.function and inflammator. r.sponses of weaned ***： Although ASA and vitamin E impr.ved amino acid utilization efficiency and r.duced acute inflammator. r.sponses, ASA and vitamin E did not additively r.duce pr.duction of PGE2 and inflammator. r.sponses in weaner.pigs exper.mental y infected with an enter.toxigenic str.in of E. coli.

关键词： Acetylsalicylic acid E.coli infection PGE_2 Vitamin E Weaner.pigs

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Feed- and feed additives-r.lated aspects of gut health and development in weanling pigs

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Jour.al of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 83-89页

作者： john r.pluske Division of r.sear.h and Development Murdoch University

The development of new/differ.nt management and feeding str.tegies to stimulate gut development and health in newly-weaned pigs, in or.er.to impr.ve gr.wth per.or.ance while minimizing the use of antimicr.bial compounds such as antibiotic gr.wth pr.motants （AGP） and heavy miner.l compounds, is essential for.the long-ter. sustainability of the pig industr.. Factor. including the sub-optimal intake of nutr.ents and ener.y, inappr.pr.ate micr.biota biomass and （or. balance, immatur. and compr.mised immune function, and psychosomatic factor. caused by weaning can compr.mise both the efficiency of digestion and absor.tion and intestinal bar.ier.function thr.ugh mucosal damage and alter.tion of tight junction integr.ty. As a consequence, pigs at weaning ar. highly susceptible to pathogenic enter.c conditions such as post-weaning diar.hea that may be caused by ser.types of enter.toxigenic Escher.chia coil Many dietar. components, e.g., pr.tein, fiber. feed additives and miner.ls, ar. known to influence micr.bial gr.wth in the gastr.intestinal tr.ct that in tur. can impact upon pig gr.wth and health, although the r.lationships between these ar. sometimes not necessar.ly appar.nt or.obvious. In a wor.d climate of incr.ased scr.tiny over.the use of antibiotics per.se in pig pr.duction, cer.ain feed additives ar. seen as alter.atives/r.placements to antibiotics, and have evolved in some cases to have impor.ant r.les in ever.day commer.ial pig nutr.tion. Never.heless and in gener.l, ther. r.mains inconsistency and var.ability in the efficacy of some feed additives and in cases of sever. disease outbr.aks, for.example, ther.peutic antibiotics and/or.heavy miner.ls such as zinc oxide （ZnO） ar. gener.lly r.lied upon. If feed ingr.dients and （or. feed additives ar. to be used with gr.ater.r.gular.ty and r.liability, then it is necessar. to better.under.tand the mechanisms wher.by antibiotics and miner.ls such as ZnO influence animal physiology, in conjunction with the use of appr.p

关键词： Antibiotics Antimicr.bials Nutr.tion Pigs Post-weaning diar.hoea Weaning

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Inter.ittent suckling with or.without comingling of non-litter.ate piglets befor. weaning impr.ves piglet per.or.ance in the immediate post-weaning per.od when compar.d with conventional weaning

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Jour.al of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 721-732页

作者： Diana L.Tur.in Pieter.Langendijk Kate Plush john r.pluske School of Veter.nar. and Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Tr.uw Nutr.tion Veerstraat 38Boxmeer 5831 iNThe Netherlands South Austr.lian r.sear.h and Development Institute Roseworthy CampusJS Davis BuildingRoseworthySA 5371Australia Pr.sent addr.ss:SunPor. Far.s 563 Coleman RoadPinkerton PlainsSA 5400Australia

Backgr.und： In this exper.ment, inter.ittent suckling（IS） with or.without the co-mingling（Co M） of piglets was studied as a method to stimulate solid feed intake and r.duce post-weaning ***： Thr.e weaning r.gimes using 30 multipar.us sows wer. compar.d：（1） conventional weaning（CW）（n = 10 litter.）, wher. piglets had continuous access to the sow until weaning（d 0, far.owing = d-25 r.lative to weaning）;（2） inter.ittent suckling（IS）（n = 10 litter.）, wher. piglets wer. separ.ted fr.m the sow for.8 h/d star.ing at d-7（r.lative to weaning）; and（3） inter.ittent suckling with co-mingling（ISCo）（n = 10 litter.） wher. IS star.ed at d-7 and two litter. wer. housed together.dur.ng separ.tion and then r.tur.ed to their.or.ginal sow. Ad libitum cr.ep feed was available fr.m d-17. At weaning pigs wer. housed in pens of 11 pigs, 27 pens in total. The ISCo tr.atment was divided in half to examine effects of differ.nt mixing str.tegies after.weaning. Half of the ISCo litter. wer. kept in familiar.gr.ups（ISCo F, familiar. n = 4） and the other.half wer. mixed within tr.atment r.sulting in gr.ups of unfamiliar.pigs（ISCo NF, not familiar. n = 5）, the same as IS（n = 9） and CW（n = 9） ***： The ISCo piglets ate mor. cr.ep feed in the week befor. weaning（P 〈 0.01）, but also showed mor. aggr.ssive and manipulative behaviour.on fir.t day of Co M compar.d with CW piglets（P 〈 0.05）. IS with or.without Co M incr.ased explor.tor. and play behaviour.on the fir.t day of tr.atment inter.ention（P 〈 0.001） and incr.ased sleeping behaviour.on the last day of tr.atment inter.ention compar.d with CW（P 〈 0.001）. Mixing str.tegy at weaning had an effect on per.or.ance data with the highest gr.wth and feed intake seen in ISCo F pigs 2 to 8 d after.weaning（P 〈0.001）. IS and ISCo NF pigs also gr.w faster.and ate mor. than CW pigs 2 to 8 d after.weaning（P 〈 0.001）. Post-weaning injur. scor.s suggested r.duced aggr.ssion in ISCo as evidenced by r.duced r.dness（skin ir.itation）（P 〈 0.05）, a

关键词： Behaviour.Co-mingling Inter.ittent suckling Piglet Weaning

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Gastr.intestinal tr.ct(gut) health in the young pig

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Animal Nutr.tion 2018年第2期4卷 187-196页

作者： john r.pluske Diana L.Tur.in Jae-Cheol Kim School of Veter.nar. and Life Sciences Murdoch University Por. Innovation Wester. Austr.lia(Inc.) AB Vista Asia Pte.Ltd

An optimally functioning gastr.intestinal tr.ct(GIT) clear.y is of impor.ance to the over.ll metabolism,physiology, disease status and per.or.ance of pigs of all stages of gr.wth and ***, the‘health’ of the GIT(‘gut health’) has attr.cted much attention despite the lack of a clear.definition to the ter. or.its aetiology, although in br.ad ter.s, ‘gut health’ encompasses a number.of physiological and functional featur.s including nutr.ent digestion and absor.tion, host metabolism and ener.y gener.tion, a stable and appr.pr.ate micr.biota/micr.biome, defence mechanisms including bar.ier.function and mucosal immune mechanisms, and the inter.ctions between these components.‘Gut health’ in the newlyweaned(young) pig is of obvious inter.st due to changes in GIT str.ctur. and function associated with the post-weaning tr.nsition, and mor. r.cently to the upsur.e in inter.st in differ.nt feed additives as dietar. alter.atives/r.placements caused by bans/r.ductions in cer.ain antimicr.bial compounds being available in some par.s of the *** the pr.sence of enter.c disease(s) after.weaning, a deter.or.tion in ‘gut health’ may be synonymous to the over.ll health of the pig, and although some dir.ct r.lationships can be dr.wn between pig per.or.ance and efficiency and a ‘healthy' GIT, sometimes this connection is subtler.and less obvious, especially in the absence of over. enter.c disease(s).The factor. and conditions involved in ‘gut health’ ar. multifactor.al, complex, often poor.y descr.bed and sometimes incor.ectly inter.r.ted,although it is evident that per.ur.ations of the GIT can cause an imbalance and distur. the gener.lized *** addition to any enter.c diseases or.conditions that might ar.se as a r.sult of these distur.ances, other.influences will also impact such as the r.sponses occur.ing in the GIT in the per.od immediately after.weaning, any changes that might occur.after.a change in diet, and(or. disr.ptions to meal patter.s and hence

关键词： Gastr.intestinal tr.ct Gut health Str.ctur. and function Pig Piglet Weaning

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Dietar. stimulation of the endogenous somatotr.pic axis in weaner.and gr.wer.inisher.pigs using medium chain tr.glycer.des and cysteamine hydr.chlor.de

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Jour.al of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 405-416页

作者： David W.Miller.Zoe Pr.sser.Edwar. Y.W.Chee Chr.stian F.Hansen Fr.nk r.Dunshea Br.ce P.Mullan john r.pluske School of Veter.nar. and Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA6150Australia Depar.ment of Lar.e Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenGroennegaardsvej 21870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Melbour.e School of Land and Envir.nment University of MelbourneParkvilleVlC 3051Australia Depar.ment of Agr.cultur. and Food Wester. Austr.lia Bentley Delivery CenterLocked Bag4BentleyWA 6983Australia

Backgr.und： Thr.e exper.ments wer. conducted to examine the over.ll hypothesis that addition of medium chain tr.glycer.des（MCT） and cysteamine hydr.chlor.de（CSH） into the diets of young and gr.wing pigs would stimulate the endogenous somatotr.pic axis to impr.ve gr.wth and ***： In Exper.ment 1, weaner.pigs wer. given either.a 5 d dietar. supplement of 5 % MCT（n = 8） or.a contr.l diet（n = 8）. MCT incr.ased the plasma concentr.tion of gr.wth hor.one（GH; P ＆lt; 0.05） and the GH secr.tagogue,ghr.lin（P ＆lt; 0.05）. Additionally, the MCT tr.atment r.duced scour.ng（P ＆lt; 0.05）, maintained villous height in the small intestine（P ＆lt; 0.05） and stabilised daily weight gain（P ＆lt; 0.05）, compar.d to the contr.ls. Exper.ment 2compar.d the effects of 4 levels（0, 1, 3 and 6 % v/v） of MCT supplementation in gr.wer.finisher.male pigs, of appr.ximately 35 kg live weight（n = 15 per.tr.atment）. Blood samples taken after.7 wk of tr.atment showed that the MCT supplementation incr.ased cir.ulating ghr.lin（P ＆lt; 0.001）, GH（P ＆lt; 0.01） and insulin（P ＆lt; 0.05）concentr.tions in a dose-dependent manner. Daily weight gain, feed intake and feed conver.ion r.tio wer. not affected by the MCT diets. In Exper.ment 3, 64 female pigs of appr.ximately 60 kg live weight wer. allocated to one of thr.e dietar. tr.atments： contr.l（n = 20）; 6 % MCT（n = 21）; and 70 mg/kg CSH（n = 21）. After.3 wk of supplementation, the MCT tr.ated pigs had a higher.plasma concentr.tion of ghr.lin compar.d to the contr.l and CSH pigs（P ＆lt; 0.05）. Plasma concentr.tions of GH and weight wer. not affected by any of the dietar. ***： Evidence is pr.vided in Exper.ment 1 to suppor. the use of dietar. MCT supplements, per.aps acting via stimulation of somatotr.pic endocr.ne pathways, to minimise weaning-associated disor.er. such as slowing of gr.wth and diar.hoea. In Exper.ments 2 and 3, although ther. was no effect on weight gain or.feed conver.ion r.tio in either.exper.ment, MCT and CSH incr

关键词： Ghr.lin Gr.wth Pig Somatotr.pin

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断奶仔猪肠道健康和发育相关的饲料及添加剂

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饲料工业 2013年第10期34卷 60-64页

作者： john r.pluske 珀斯默多克大学动物研究所

当我们最大限度地减少抗菌复合物,如抗生素生长促进剂(AGP)和重金属混合物的使用时,为了保持养猪业的长期可持续发展,就必须发展新的或者不同的管理和饲养策略,来刺激刚断奶仔猪肠道的发育和健康,以达到改善生长性能的目的。仔猪断奶所... 详细信息

当我们最大限度地减少抗菌复合物,如抗生素生长促进剂(AGP)和重金属混合物的使用时,为了保持养猪业的长期可持续发展,就必须发展新的或者不同的管理和饲养策略,来刺激刚断奶仔猪肠道的发育和健康,以达到改善生长性能的目的。仔猪断奶所引起的包括养分和能量摄入量不足,不适当的肠道菌群数量和平衡,不成熟和被抑制的免疫功能,以及身心失调等不利因素,这些因素能降低消化和吸收的效率,并通过黏膜损伤和改变肠道上皮紧密连接的完整性,从而降低肠道的屏障功能。因此,断奶仔猪对于像由于肠毒素大肠杆菌血清型引起的断奶后腹泻这样的致病肠道条件极其易感。尽管日粮成分、菌群和肠道三者之间有些作用机制并不完全清楚,但是许多日粮成分,如蛋白质、纤维、饲料添加剂和矿物质,都被报道能通过影响胃肠道微生物增殖,从而影响仔猪肠道的发育和健康。在全世界对养猪业中使用抗生素的监管越来越严格的氛围下,使得我们需要找出某种饲料添加剂来作为抗生素的替代品或替代物。在某些情况下,这种可替代抗生素使用的饲料添加剂在日常商品猪的营养上也将发挥重要作用。然而,一般说来,并不是所有饲料添加剂的功效都稳定,因此在重大疾病暴发时,治疗剂量的抗生素和重金属,比如氧化锌仍然被普遍应用。如果饲料成分和饲料添加剂的使用具有较大的规范性和可靠性,并配合恰当的感染模型和体内体外技术,就更有利于我们理解抗生素和矿物元素(氧化锌)影响动物生理机能的机制。

关键词：断奶仔猪胃肠道健康饲料添加剂与抗生素

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Post-weaning and whole-of-life per.or.ance of pigs is deter.ined by live weight at weaning and the complexity of the diet fed after.weaning

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Animal Nutr.tion 2017年第4期3卷 372-379页

作者： Cher.e L.Collins john r.pluske r.becca S.Mor.ison Tr.vor.N.McDonald r.ber. J.Smits David J.Henman Ingunn Stensland Fr.nk r.Dunshea r.valea Austr.lia Pty Ltd School of Veter.nar. and Life Sciences Murdoch University Faculty of Veter.nar. and Agr.cultur.l Sciences The University of Melbourne

The pr.duction per.or.ance and financial outcomes associated with weaner.diet complexity for.pigs of differ.nt weight classes at weaning wer. examined in this exper.ment. A total of 720 weaner.pigs(360 entir. males and 360 females) wer. selected at weaning(27 ± 3 d) and allocated to pens of 10 based on individual weaning weight(light weaning weight: pigs below 6.5 kg; medium weaning weight: 6.5 to8 kg; heavy weaning weight: above 8.5 kg). Pens wer. then allocated in a 3 x 2 x 2 factor.al ar.angement of tr.atments with the r.spective factor. being weaning weight(heavy, medium and light; H, M and L,r.spectively), weaner.diet complexity(high complexity/cost, HC; low complexity/cost, LC), and gender.male and female). Common diets wer. fed to both tr.atment gr.ups dur.ng the final 4 weeks of the weaner.per.od(a per.od of 39 days). In the fir.t 6 d after.weaning, pigs offer.d the HC diets gained weight faster.and used feed mor. efficiently than those offer.d the LC diets(P = 0.031). Pigs fed a HC diet after.weaning tended to be heavier.at the sale live weight of 123 d of age compar.d with pigs fed the LC diet(P = 0.056). Ther. wer. no other.main effects of the feeding pr.gr.m on gr.wth per.or.ance thr.ugh to slaughter. Weaning weight had a pr.found influence on lifetime gr.wth per.or.ance and weight at 123 d of age, with H pigs at weaning incr.asing their.weight advantage over.the M and L pigs(101.3,97.1, 89.6 kg r.spectively, P r. was a minimal benefit in ter.s of cost per.unit live weight gain over.lifetime when pigs wer. offer.d a HC feeding pr.gr.m to L,with a lower.feed cost/kg gain. The r.sults fr.m this investigation confir. the impact of weaning weight on lifetime gr.wth per.or.ance, and suggest that a HC feeding pr.gr.m should be focused on L weaner.pigs(i.e., weaning weight less than 6.5 kg at 27 d of age) in or.er.to maximise financial r.tur.s.

关键词： Pigs Per.or.ance Diet complexity Weaning weight Car.ass char.cter.stics Cost benefit analyses

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Effect of mucin 4 allele on susceptibility to exper.mental infection with enter.toxigenic F4 Escher.chia coli in pigs fed exper.mental diets

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Jour.al of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 981-989页

作者： Samantha O.Ster.dale Danica J.Evans Josephine P.Mansfield Julie Clar.e Shafi Sahibzada Sam Abr.ham Mar. O’Dea David W.Miller.Jae Cheol Kim john r.pluske Agr.cultur. Sciences College of ScienceHealthEngineering and Education Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty PO BOX 10041AdelaideBC 5000Australia Antimicr.bial r.sistance and Infectious Disease Labor.tor. Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia AB Vista Asia Pte.Ltd The MezzoWhampoa 329682Singapore

Backgr.und: This study investigated the validity of the DNA-mar.er.based test to deter.ine susceptibility to ETECF4 diar.hoea by compar.ng the r.sults of two DNA sequencing techniques in weaner.pigs following exper.mental infection with F4 enter.toxigenic Escher.chia coli(ETEC-F4). The effects of diet and genetic susceptibility wer. assessed by measur.ng the incidence of piglet post-weaning diar.hoea(PWD), faecal E. coli shedding and the diar.hoea ***: A DNA mar.er.based test tar.eting the mucin 4 gene(MUC4) that encodes F4 fimbr.a r.ceptor.identified pigs as either.fully susceptible(SS), par.ially or.mildly susceptible(Sr., and r.sistant(r.) to developing ETEC-F4 diar.hoea. To fur.her.analyse this, DNA sequencing was under.aken, and a significantly higher.pr.por.ion of C nucleotides was obser.ed for.r. and Sr.at the Xba I cleavage site genotypes when compar.d to SS. However. no significant differ.nce was found between Sr.and r. genotypes. Ther.for., r.sults obtained fr.m Sanger.sequencing r.tr.spectively allocated pigs into a r.sistant genotype(MUC4–), in the case of a C nucleotide, and a susceptible genotype(MUC4+), in the case of a G nucleotide, at the single nucleotide polymor.hism site. A total of 72 weaner.pigs(age ~ 21 days), weighing 6.1 ± 1.2 kg(mean ± SEM), wer. fed 3 differ.nt diets:(i) positive contr.l(PC) gr.up supplemented with 3 g/kg zinc oxide(Zn O),(ii) negative contr.l(NC) gr.up(no Zn O or.HAMSA),and(iii) a diet containing a 50 g/kg high-amylose maize star.h pr.duct(HAMSA) ester.fied with acetate. At days five and six after.weaning, all pigs wer. or.lly infected with ETEC(ser.type O149:F4;toxins LT1, ST1, ST2 and EAST). The per.entage of pigs that developed diar.hoea following infection was higher.P = 0.05) in MUC4+ pigs compar.d to MUC4– pigs(50% vs. 26.8%, r.spectively). Fur.her.or., pigs fed Zn O had less ETEC-F4 diar.hoea(P = 0.009) than pigs fed other.diets, however.faecal shedding of ETEC was similar.P > 0.05) between ***

关键词： Diar.hoea Escher.chia coli F4 MUC4 Weaner pigs Zinc oxide

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矿物质的营养、代谢及其对现代猪生产性能和环境的影响（二）

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饲料与养殖 2005年第11期 15-16页

作者： Br.ce Mullan Ar.cely Her.andez Dar.yl DSouza john pluske 西澳大利亚农业部动物研究与发展中心西澳大利亚麦道大学兽医和生物药物科学学院

很明显我们对商业化生产条件下的现代基因型猪的需要没有足够的了解。VanLunen和Cole（1998）建议现代快速肥育猪生长所需的微量元素为20至30年前慢速生长猪的两倍。不幸的是，确定个体微量元素需要的研究很昂贵，而且也很复杂，不管是... 详细信息

很明显我们对商业化生产条件下的现代基因型猪的需要没有足够的了解。VanLunen和Cole（1998）建议现代快速肥育猪生长所需的微量元素为20至30年前慢速生长猪的两倍。不幸的是，确定个体微量元素需要的研究很昂贵，而且也很复杂，不管是否考虑基因型和环境等因素的影响。

关键词：生长猪生产性能现代环境矿物质营养代谢微量元素生产条件基因型

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矿物质的营养、代谢及其对现代猪生产性能和环境的影响（一）

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饲料与养殖 2005年第10期 15-16页

作者： Br.ce Mullan Ar.cely Her.andez Dar.yl D＇Souza john pluske 西澳大利亚农业部动物研究与发展中心西澳大利亚麦道大学兽医和生物药物科学学院

全球的猪肉生产企业无论是在结构上还是在实际运作过程中都正在经历着快速的发展变化。当全球对猪肉的需求增加，尤其是发展中国家的生活水平不断得到改善时．这些市场间的竞争会更加激烈（Mullah和D’Souza，2005）。很多养殖生产者可... 详细信息

全球的猪肉生产企业无论是在结构上还是在实际运作过程中都正在经历着快速的发展变化。当全球对猪肉的需求增加，尤其是发展中国家的生活水平不断得到改善时．这些市场间的竞争会更加激烈（Mullah和D’Souza，2005）。很多养殖生产者可能都很怀疑养殖业自身究竟有没有安全保障。虽然猪肉是全球消费最多肉类，但利润经常有很大的波动。提高生产效率、降低生产成本和满足消费者对肉食品的需求是养殖者保持盈利且切实可行的几个要素。

关键词：猪肉生产性能矿物质营养环境现代代谢发展中国家养殖业生产企业

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