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Characterization of the Tomato Prosystemin Promoter:Organ-specific Expression,Hormone Specificity and Methyl Jasmonate Responsiveness by Deletion Analysis in Transgenic Tobacco Plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第1期54卷 15-32页

作者： Hamlet Avilés-Arnaut john paul Délano-Frier Center of Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) at Irapuato:Unit for Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering

Tomato systemin is a bioactive peptide that regulates the systemic activation of wound-responsive genes. It is released from its 200 amino acid precursor called prosystemin. Initial tissue-localization and hormone-induced expression assays indicated that the tomato prosystemin gene （SIPS） accumulates mainly in floral tissues and in response to exogenous abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate （MeJA） treatments, respectively. Later, the promoter regions of the PS gene in tomato （Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Castlemart）, pepper （Capsicum annuum） and potato （Solanum tuberosum） were isolated and an in silico analysis of the SIPS promoter revealed an over-representation of stress- and MeJA-responsive motifs. A subsequent 5＇ deletion analysis of the SIPS promoter fused to the/^-glucuronidase reporter （GUS） gene showed that the -221 to ＋40 bp proximal SIPS promoter region was sufficient to direct the stigma, vascular bundle-specific and MeJA-responsive expression of GUS in transgenic tobacco plants. Important ***-specific, light- and MeJA-responsive cis-elements were also present in this region. These findings provide relevant information regarding the transcriptional regulation mechanisms of the SIPS promoter operating in transgenic tobacco plants. They also suggest that its Ussue-specificity and inducible nature could have wide applicability in plant biotechnology.

关键词： cis-regulatory elements flower specific jasmonic acid methyl jasmonate promoter analysis prosystemin wound-responsive genes.

Development and evaluation of an individual tree growth and yield model for the mixed species forest of the Adirondacks Region of New York, USA

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第1期4卷 66-82页

作者： Aaron Weiskittel Christian Kuehne john paul McTague Mike Oppenheimer University of Maine School of Forest Resources Orono ME 04469 USA. Rayonier Forest Research Center Yulee FL 32041 USA Rayonier Foresl Resources Fernandina Beach FL 32035 USA. University of Maine 5755 I Nutting Hall Orono ME 04469-5755 USA.

Background： Growth and yield models are important tools for forest planning. Due to its geographic location, topology, and history of management, the forests of the Adirondacks Region of New York are unique and complex. However, only a relatively limited number of growth and yield models have been developed and/or can be reasonably extended to this region currently. Methods： in this analysis, 571 long-term continuous forest inventory plots with a total of 10 - 52 years of measurement data from four experimental forests maintained by the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry and one nonindustrial private forest were used to develop an individual tree growth model for the primary hardwood and softwood species in the region. Species-specific annualized static and dynamic equations were developed using the available data and the system was evaluated for long-term behavior. Results： Equivalence tests indicated that the Northeast Variant of the Forest Vegetation Simulator （FVS-NE） was biased in its estimation of tree total and bole height, diameter and height increment, and mortality for most species examined. In contrast, the developed static and annualized dynamic, species-specific equations performed quite well given the underlying variability in the data. Long-term model projections were consistent with the data and suggest a relatively robust system for prediction. Conclusions： Overall, the developed growth model showed reasonable behavior and is a significant improvement over existing models for the region. The model also highlighted the complexities of forest dynamics in the region and should help improve forest planning efforts there.

关键词： Individual tree growth model Mixed species Forest vegetation simulator

Evaluation of conflict-resolution policies on controller taskload

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2021年第5期34卷 315-330页

作者： Adan Ernesto VELA William SINGHOSE Karen FEIGH john-paul CLARKE Eric FERON Department of Industrial Engineering and Management System University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Daniel Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

In an effort to maintain safety while satisfying growing air traffic demand,air navigation service providers are considering the inclusion of advisory systems to identify potential conflicts and propose resolution commands for the air traffic controller to verify and issue to *** understand the potential workload implications of introducing advisory conflict-detection and resolution tools,this paper examines a metric of controller taskload:how many resolution commands an air traffic controller issues under the guidance of an advisory *** a simulation study,the research presented here evaluates how the underlying protocol of a conflict-resolution tool affects the controller taskload(system demands)associated with the conflict-resolution process,and implicitly the controller workload(physical and psychological demands).Ultimately,evidence indicates that there is significant flexibility in the design of conflict-resolution algorithms supporting an advisory system.

关键词： Air traffic control Air traffic management Conflict detection and resolution Decision-support tools Simulation analysis

Effect of Oil Spillage on the Growth of Cassava in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

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Effect of Oil Spillage on the Growth of Cassava in Niger Del...

作者： Akpang paul john 沈阳农业大学

学位级别：硕士

Cassava has grown and developed from being a minor crop to becoming a major crop consumed by several homes in the ***,the incessant oil spillage and crude oil pollution has increased the concern on the productivity of this crop in the Niger Delta *** the research was aimed at providing empirical evidence on the actual impact of crude oil spillage in the Niger delta on the soil and productivity of cassava *** specific objectives of the study were to assess the socio-economic characteristics of cassava producers in the Niger Delta,evaluate the effects of the crude oil spill on the soil properties and cassava yield in area,compare the difference in yield with communities not affected by oil spill,analyses the efforts of oil companies in the communities and make policy *** study adopted a mixed research approach that employed questionnaire to gain insight from farmers on the effect of oil spillage on their productivity and a lab test of soil sample for examining the effect of oil spill on soil *** m ai n results ar e as fo l l o ws :（1）The study found a net margin of N27,218.17 and N18,382.17 per cassava producer in non-oil and oil spill areas in the Niger Delta Region,*** spills have resulted in a 31% fall in cassava producer *** to the test of difference,there is a significant difference of 8,836 in cassava producers’ net margin（***）between non-oil and oil spill locations.（2）For oil spill and non-oil spill communities,the yearly fixed cost and total variable cost per hectare cassava grower were N6,799.15 and N19,268.68,***,frying pans,diggers,and cutlasses were the most important fixed costs in cassava production,accounting for 34.03%,11.57%,10.82%,and 9.64% of total fixed costs,***,fertilizers,planting supplies,transportation,and processing were the greatest operational cost components,accounting for 22.49%,20.92%,15.76%,14.80%,and 16.24% of total vari

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The biological fate of the polymer nanocarrier material monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactic acid)in rat

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第4期11卷 1003-1009页

作者： Xiangjun Meng Zhi Zhang Jin Tong Hui Sun john paul Fawcett Jingkai Gu Research Center for Drug Metabolism School of Life SciencesJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Beijing Institute of Drug Metabolism Beijing 102209China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactic acid)(PEG-PLA)is a typical amphiphilic di-block copolymer widely used as a nanoparticle carrier(nanocarrier)in drug *** the in vivo fate of PEG-PLA is required to evaluate its overall safety and promote the development of PEG-PLA-based nanocarrier drug delivery ***,acquiring such understanding is limited by the lack of a suitable analytical method for the bioassay of *** this study,the pharmacokinetics,biodistribution,metabolism and excretion of PEG-PLA were investigated in rat after intravenous *** results show that unchanged PEG-PLA is mainly distributed to spleen,liver,and kidney before being eliminated in urine over 48 h mainly(>80%)in the form of its PEG *** study provides a clear and comprehensive picture of the in vivo fate of PEG-PLA which we anticipate will facilitate the scientifc design and safety evaluation of PEG-PLA-based nanocarrier drug delivery systems and thereby enhance their clinical development.

关键词： Monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactic acid) Polymer Nanocarrier material Pharmacokinetics Biodistribution Metabolism Excretion Rat

An improved culturing method for opiine fruit fly parasitoids and its application to parasitoid monitoring in the field

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 99-108页

作者： Ayad Masry Michael J. Furlong Anthony R. Clarke john paul Cunningham School of Earth Environmental and Biological Sciences School Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland Australia School of Biological Sciences the University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre Bruce ACT Australia Department of Economic Development Jobs Transport and Resources AgriBio Centre La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria Australia

Good culturing methods play an important role in the study of insect behavior and its application to pest management. Here, we describe and validate a new method for rearing the parasitoid wasp, Diachasmirnorpha kraussii, which attacks some of the world＇s worst fruit fly pests and is an internationally used biological control agent. Our method differs from standard culturing approaches by presenting adult wasps with host- infested artificial media within a ＂culturing bag,＂ which mimics a natural （fruit） oviposition substrate. In laboratory trials using wild collected D. kraussii, the culturing bag method was compared to the use of host-infested nectarines, and a commonly used laboratory method of presenting host-infested artificial media within Petri dishes. The culturing bag method proved to be a significant improvement on both methods, combining the advantages of high host survival in artificial media with parasitism levels that were the equivalent to those recorded using host-infested fruits. In our field study, culturing bags infested with the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, and hung in a mixed peach and nectarine orchard proved to be effective ＂artificial fruits＂ attracting wild D. kraussii for oviposition. Significantly more adult wasps were reared from the culturing bags compared to field collected fruits. This was shown to be due to higher fruit fly larval density in the bags, as similar percentage parasitism rates were found between the culturing bags and ripe fruits. We discuss how this cheap, time-efficient method could be applied to collecting and monitoring wild D. kraussii populations in orchards, and assist in maintaining genetic variability in parasitoid laboratory cultures.

关键词： Bactrocera biological control fruit fly mass rearing natural enemies Tephritidae wasp

Disposition and fate of polyoxyethylene glycerol ricinoleate as determined by LC-Q-TOF MS coupled with MS^(ALL),SWATH and HR MS/MS techniques

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第10期32卷 3237-3240页

作者： Ruifeng Bai Dong Sun Yuqin Shan Zhiqiong Guo Dafeng Chu john paul Fawcett Jingkai Gu Center for Drug Metabolism Research School of Life SciencesJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Polyoxyethylene glycerol ricinoleate(PGR) serves as a solubilizer/emulsifier that is commonly used in pharmaceutical formulations despite being associated with severe anaphylactoid hypersensitivity *** EL?(CrEL) is the most representative PGR produced from reacting ethylene oxide with castor *** help clarify the cause of side effects and potentially improve the safety of PGR-based drug delivery vehicle,we have developed separate but related analytical methods for the quantitation of CrEL and its main metabolites,glycerol ethoxylate(GE) and ricinoleic acid(RA).Since CrEL and GE are highly disperse mixtures of polymers that are not amenable to analysis by conventional liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS),we used liquid chromatography-triple-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-Q-TOF MS) combined with product ion data acquisition by MSALLand sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragments mass spectrometry(SWATH MS),respectively to perform the *** contrast,RA is a single molecular entity that could be readily analyzed using conventional LC-HR MS/*** of specific fragment ions for CrEL,GE,RA and their internal standards enabled a precise quantitation of such a complex analytes system in rat plasma after a single and simple sample preparation *** validation indicated linearity for CrEL,GE and RA over the concentration ranges 0.2~20.0 μg/mL,0.1~10.0 μg/mL and 0.1~20.0 μg/m L,respectively with satisfactory results for other validation parameters.A subsequent pharmacokinetic study involving single intravenous 200 mg/kg injections of CrEL to rats showed the methods enable comprehensive and high throughput quantitation of CrEL and its metabolites in a biological *** combination of assays provides effective application in investigating the cause of the hypersensitivity reaction of PGR and potentially to improve its safety for using as a vehicle in drug formulations.

关键词： Polyoxyethylene glycerol ricinoleate Cremophor EL LC-Q-TOF MS Glycerol ethoxylate Ricinoleic acid

Unleashing the Power of Moiré Materials in Neuromorphic Computing

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Chinese Physics Letters 2023年第12期40卷 131-132页

作者： john paul Strachan Peter Grünberg Institute(PGI-14) Neuromorphic Compute NodesForschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany and RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany

Reservoir computing has been an intriguing paradigm in the field of artificial intelligence and machine learning that draws inspiration from the complex dynamics of recurrent neural networks found in biological systems. Unlike traditional neural networks, reservoir computing separates the training of a fixed, randomly connected ‘reservoir’layer from a simpler ‘readout’ layer. This distinctive architecture allows the reservoir to process information in a highly dynamic and nonlinear manner.

关键词： networks neural computing

Impact of molecular weight on the mechanism of cellular uptake of polyethylene glycols(PEGs) with particular reference to P-glycoprotein

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020年第10期10卷 2002-2009页

作者： Tingting Wang Yingjie Guo Yang He Tianming Ren Lei Yin john paul Fawcett Jingkai Gu Huimin Sun Clinical Laboratory First HospitalJilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Research Institute of Translational Medicine First HospitalJilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Research Center for Drug Metabolism College of Life ScienceJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics College of PharmacyUniversity of IowaIowa City IA 52242USA Beijing Institute of Drug Metabolism Beijing 102209China National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing 100050China

Polyethylene glycols(PEGs)in general use are polydisperse molecules with molecular weight(MW)distributed around an average value applied in their designation e.g.,PEG *** research has shown that PEGs can act as P-glycoprotein(P-gp)inhibitors with the potential to affect the absorption and efflux of concomitantly administered ***,questions related to the mechanism of cellular uptake of PEGs and the exact role played by P-gp has not been *** this study,we examined the mechanism of uptake of PEGs by MDCK-mock cells,in particular,the effect of MW and interaction with P-gp by MDCK-hMDRl and A549 *** results show that:(a)the uptake of PEGs by MDCK-hMDR1 cells is enhanced by P-gp inhibitors;(b)PEGs stimulate P-gp ATPase activity but to a much lesser extent than verapamil;and(c)uptake of PEGs of low MW(5000 Da)occurs by a combination of passive diffusion and caveolae-mediated *** findings suggest that PEGs can engage in P-gp-based drug interactions which we believe should be taken into account when using PEGs as excipients and in PEGylated drugs and drug delivery systems.

关键词： P-gp PEGs P-gp-substrate Passive diffusion Endocytosis