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Adjuvant Rectal Diclofenac for Post Operative Analgesia after Caesarean Section—A Randomized Controlled Study

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 591-609页

作者： Eziaha Eric S. Ede Ayodele A. Olaleye john C. Irechukwu Uchenna Nelson Nwaedu Borniface N. Ejikeme Vincent Chidiebere Ali Bartholomew I. Olinya Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Pain management following caesarean section still remains a challenge in our environment. Most potent analgesics are either not readily available or expensive. Diclofenac suppository is an NSAID that can be used for postoperative analgesia. It is available and affordable. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of combined rectal diclofenac and intramuscular pentazocine with intramuscular pentazocine alone for post operative pain control following lower segment caesarean section. METHODOLOGY: A total of 120 women who met the selection criteria scheduled for caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine were randomized into two equal groups to receive either 75 mg diclofenac suppository 12 hourly for 24 hours or one anusol suppository (the placebo) 12 hourly for 24 hours. Both groups received pentazocine as primary analgesia. RESULT: The primary outcome measure is the proportion of patients with severe pain at 24 hours using the visual analogue rating scale. Secondary outcome measures are the time from surgery to ambulation, Passage of flatus, maternal satisfaction and presence of complications. Statistical analysis was done using spss version 22 and graph pad statistical package. Student T-test was used for continuous variables whereas chi square was used for categorical variables P CONCLUSION: Adjuvant rectal diclofenac is superior to pentazocine alone in the management of pain after caesarean section. Less number of patients had moderate to severe pain at 24 hours post operation. Maternal satisfaction in relation to pain management is better with diclofenac suppository. The levels of complications were comparable in both groups.

关键词： Pain Caesarean Section Diclofenac Placebo Suppository

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He Who Drove the Snakes

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城市漫步（GBA版） 2024年第4期 16-16页

作者： Kirby john Carney 不详

"The sense of community,the sense of identity-these things were very strong in traditional Irish life,"said Seamus Heaney,a renowned Irish poet who is famous for evocative words and great word *** we are speaking to today carries both of those things as a pseudo-entrepreneur with fingers in prowrestling,teaching and now the different hats that owning a restaurant requires,Connor Doherty is a delightfully happy and proud Irish *** the owner of the new bar.

关键词： restaurant teaching words

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The Voice of the Guangzhou Metro

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城市漫步（GBA版） 2024年第2期 12-12页

作者： Kirby john Carney 不详

If you've lived in Guangzhou for any extended period,you've definitely heard *** may not have met her,but you've definitely heard ***?She is the English voice of the Guangzhou metro *** there's an announcement of arri... 详细信息

关键词： hear Voice Guangzhou

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Emma Cheung

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城市漫步（GBA版） 2024年第4期 49-49页

作者： Kirby john Carney 不详

Education in its currentstate isvery *** has turned everything on its head as both students and teachers are using it to complete their home work and createcontent for *** one thing Al hasn't been able to replace is t... 详细信息

关键词： something has complex.

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Transport institutions and organisations in the formulation of policies for Australian local area traffic management:A 50-year retrospective

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2023年第5期10卷 866-877页

作者： john Black School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

A review of 115 studies on Australian local area traffic management(LATM)schemes covers network planning,computer modelling,overall design considerations,the deployment of various traffic control devices,project evaluation and numerous before and after case ***,no research has been published about the formulation of LATM policies and the processes involved that were formulated during the 1970s and 1980s and aimed at discouraging non-local through traffic in residential areas,improving road safety,and improving environmental amenity through physical *** paper develops a conceptual model of the interactions amongst institutions of government(state and local),organisations(national research institutes and universities),and civil society(the consulting industry,lobby groups and community action groups).The model is implemented through a series of unstructured interviews with key players involved with research and advocacy,capacity building,and state government policy makers that determined:who was responsible for the governance of LATM schemes?What were the respective roles of institutions and organisations in relation to the early formulation of policies and plans,especially issues of authority?Who were the key players in these institutions and organisations?To what extent did external influences of ideas by overseas agents(policy transfer)occur in decision making?A recently implemented LATM scheme(Seven Ways)by Waverley Council describes the latest approaches,including community *** conclusions note the importance of a society investing in road research,having universities capable of delivering high-quality professional development programs,and having a consulting industry that is willing to deliver innovative,practical advice to local *** are made about areas for further research.

关键词： Transport policy Policy formulation Conceptual model LATM Transport institutions and organisations

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Assessment of the Vaccination Status of Children Aged 6 to 30 Months in a Tertiary Level Health Care Center in Côte d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 536-546页

作者： Yenan john Patrick Kpangni Jean Bertrand Yao Kouassi Christian Yeboua Yao Kossonou Roland Aka-Tanoh Koko Aude Hélène Avi-Siallou Christelle Honorine Asse Kouadio Vincent Department of Pediatrics University Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast Unit Pediatric Surgery University Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast

Introduction: Vaccination coverage in Côte d’Ivoire over the period 2011 to 2015 was below the target of 95% for all antigens. The objective of this study was to analyze the vaccination status of children aged 6 to 30 months with a view to improving vaccination coverage. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which took place from June to September 2018 in a tertiary health center, focusing on children aged 6 to 30 months with a correctly completed health record. The parameters studied were sex, age, educational level of mothers, dates of vaccine administration and reason for missed vaccination opportunities. Results: We retained 212 children. The sex ratio was 1.21 and 93% had received the BCG vaccine before the age of 1 month. The average ages of combined and co-administered vaccines for the 1st and 2nd doses were 7.66 ± 3.81 and 12.88 ± 3.95 weeks, respectively. The median was 16.57 weeks for the 3rd dose. The proportion of vaccinated subjects was greater than 90% for the BCG vaccine and the 3 doses of combined vaccines, and 77% for the yellow fever and measles vaccines. The reasons for non-vaccination were attributable to the children’s parents and health facilities. Conclusion: Improving vaccination coverage requires regular supply of vaccines to centers, and the involvement of all health professionals, community and religious leaders in the vaccination awareness process.

关键词： Children Vaccination Coverage Missed Opportunities

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Evaluation of Ear and Facial Indices of Ibibio and Efik Female Children of Akwa Ibom and Cross River States, Nigeria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 1-8页

作者： Nsikak Michael Umoh Kelechi Chinkata Uruakpa Eru Eru Mba Michael Effiong Oku Theresa Isamoh Nnenna Williams Eric Agim Agaba Samson Omini Paulinus john Emah Gabriel Udo-Affah Department of Anatomical Sciences Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medical Sciences University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria

Background: The ear and face are indispensable and distinctive features for hearing and identification. Objectives: This study was designed to generate anthropometric data of the ear and facial indices of females of Efik and Ibibio children in Cross River and Akwa Ibom States, show morphological and aesthetic differences and ethnicity. Methods: A total of 600 female children (300 Efiks and 300 Ibibios) aged 2 to 10 years that met the inclusion criteria were chosen from selected primary schools in Calabar Municipality, Calabar South of Cross River State and from Uyo, Itu of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Standardized measurements of face length, face width, ear length, and ear width were taken with a spreading caliper;the facial (proscopic) and ear (auricular) indices were determined. Results: Efik subjects presented a mean face length of 8.36 ± 0.06 cm, face width of 11.04 ± 0.04 cm, ear length of 4.92 ± 0.02 cm, and ear width of 3.06 ± 0.01 cm. Ibibio subjects had mean values for face length, face width, ear length, and ear width as 8.17 ± 0.05 cm, 10.75 ± 0.05 cm, 4.77 ± 0.03 cm, and 2.94 ± 0.02 cm respectively. The mean facial index and ear index for Efik subjects were 75.68 ± 0.31 and 62.16 ± 0.27 respectively;while the mean facial and ear indices for Ibibio subjects were 74.79 ± 0.36 and 61.80 ± 0.34 respectively. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences in face length, ear length, ear width and facial index, with the Efik subjects having higher values than Ibibio subjects (p Conclusion: The results showed hypereuryproscopic face as the prevalent face type among females of both ethnic groups, therefore can be of importance in sex, ethnic, and racial differentiation, and in clinical practice, aesthetics and forensic medicine.

关键词： Anthropometry Ear Facial Indices Identification Nigeria

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译者的自由——英国汉学家闵福德谈《聊斋志异》及其翻译

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国际汉学 2024年第3期 136-141页

作者：王骁 [英]闵福德埃克塞特大学澳大利亚国立大学

《聊斋志异》英译史上佳译迭出。学界关注较多的包括翟理斯(Hebert ***,1845-1935)译本Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio(1880),杨宪益、戴乃迭(Gladys Yang,1919-1999)译本Selected Tales of Liaozhai(1981),梅丹理(Denis ***)、梅维恒(Victor ***)译本Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio(2001),闵福德译本及最新的宋贤德(Sidney ***)六卷全译本Strange Tales from Liaozhai(2008-2014)。闵译本包含104篇故事,精心打磨十余载,2006年于企鹅出版社出版后,学界评价颇高、反响热烈。译者本人目前亦在进行剩余约400篇的翻译工作。2022年12月7日,闵福德受埃克塞特大学全球中国研究中心(Global China Research Center,University of Exeter)邀请,于埃克塞特大学分享英译《聊斋志异》的最新进展。讲座结束后,笔者及与会人员就《聊斋志异》的翻译方法及翻译理念、文本的女性主义解读、后现代性特质、《聊斋志异》与《红楼梦》之比较、对《聊斋志异》其他译本的评价等问题与闵福德展开交流。经各方同意后,笔者对问答部分进行翻译整理,形成此文,以飨读者。

关键词：《聊斋志异》英译闵福德翟理斯企鹅出版社中国研究中心戴乃迭精心打磨杨宪益

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尼阿底遗址新的测年结果表明过去~45ka古人类间歇地占据青藏高原腹地

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第2期54卷 550-572页

作者：葛俊逸张晓凌王社江李林辉何伟靳英帅张佩琦许冰邓成龙 john WOLSEN 郭正堂高星中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所北京100044 中国科学院大学北京100049 拉萨市西藏文物保护研究所拉萨850000 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所新生代地质与环境重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室北京100029 School of Anthropology University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA

早期人类占据高海拔青藏高原环境的时间和机制,是人类演化与环境的关系研究领域备受关注的重要科学问题.本文对位于青藏高原腹地海拔4600m的尼阿底(Nwya Devu)旧石器遗址进行了重新调查,在遗址区的低湖岸阶地上新发现了一套细石叶技术制... 详细信息

早期人类占据高海拔青藏高原环境的时间和机制,是人类演化与环境的关系研究领域备受关注的重要科学问题.本文对位于青藏高原腹地海拔4600m的尼阿底(Nwya Devu)旧石器遗址进行了重新调查,在遗址区的低湖岸阶地上新发现了一套细石叶技术制品,迥异于之前所报道的以石叶技术为主的石器技术工业.利用石英光释光和淡水螺壳加速器质谱14C测年手段,结合贝叶斯模拟,获得上述两种不同类型的石制品加工技术在该区的出现年代分别为(45.6±2.6)ka和(10.3±0.5)ka,代表了青藏高原腹地目前已知的最早的旧石器时代遗存和细石器遗存,意味着狩猎-采集者在过去45ka曾多次间歇性地活动于高原腹地的高海拔地区.研究也表明,相对稳定的沉积环境和较温暖的气候环境有利于早期人类多次占据该遗址区.在50~40ka期间,青藏高原和欧亚大陆大部分地区同时出现旧石器时代晚期初段流行的石叶技术,指示着早期现代人迅速、大规模地向全球扩散,从而对早期人类的地理分布产生了深远影响.结合新的考古证据和前人的藏族人群古遗传学研究,认为在过去45ka青藏高原为旧石器时代晚期的狩猎-采集人群提供了相对稳定的栖息地,从而形成现今藏族人群复杂的多源基因库.

关键词：西藏旧石器时代尼阿底高海拔适应细石器工业旧石器时代晚期初段光释测年光 AMS 14C测年

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Extraction of rare earth elements from a South American ionic clay

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稀土学报:英文版 2023年第9期41卷 1408-1418,I0005页

作者： john Anawati Gisele Azimi Laboratory for Strategic Materials Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Toronto200 College StreetTorontoOntarioM5S3E5Canada Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto184 College StreetTorontoOntarioM5S 3E4Canada

Ionic clays,formed by the natural weathering of REE-bearing minerals and the adsorption of the resulting liberated REE ions onto the clay surface,are an important resource for critical rare earth elements(REEs).Here,a two-step desorption process using ammonium sulfate with active pH adjustment using sulfuric acid was developed to extract REEs from a South American *** desorption process was optimized using response surface methodology approach and the optimum operating conditions were determined to be 0.15 mol/L ammonium sulfate,pH 3,liquid to solid ratio of 3/1,and 25℃ with20 min residence *** is shown that this ionic clay is significantly different from previously reported clays,e.g.,from southern China,as it consists of three modes of REEs,including ion-exchanged REEs physically adsorbed on the clay surface,hydrolyzed REEs chemically adsorbed on the clay surface,and mineralized(non-desorbable) REEs within the *** investigations through progressive acidification during desorption and adsorption isotherms show that REE desorption/adsorption occurs due to the combined action of physical ion exchange adsorption and surface complexation chemical adsorption,with their relative importance depending on the pH of the system and the amount of sulfate anions present within the *** work supports overall efforts to utilize ionic clays as a relatively new resource for REEs to empower the development and adoption of modern green technologies such as wind turbines and electric vehicles.

关键词： Ionic clay Ion-exchange desorption Surface complexation Ammonium sulfate leaching Rare earths

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