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On the State of Stress in the Growth Pl.te under Physiol.gic Compressive l.ading

Open Journal.of Biophysics 2014年第1期4卷 13-21页

作者： Jie Gao john l. Wil.iams Esra Roan Department of Mechanical.Engineering Biomedical Engineering The University of Memphis Memphis USA

The growth pl.te is a thin l.yer of cartil.ge sandwiched between epiphyseal.and metaphyseal.bone and is the l.cation of active bone growth during chil.hood. It is subjected to l.rge compressive and shear forces whil. protecting its resident chondrocytes from damage. We bel.eve that computational.model.ng can hel. us better understand how the macro-scal. l.ads are transmitted to micro-scal. stresses and strains within the growth pl.te cartil.ge. As a first step in this process we anal.zed the mechanical.response of compression experiments performed on bovine bone/growth pl.te/bone sampl.s. We endeavored to estimate the modul.s of el.sticity of the growth pl.te itsel. by simul.ting the compression experiments of these specimens using the finite el.ment method. It is shown that when the growth pl.te in the compression specimens was model.d as a fl.t l.yer, the state of stress in the cartil.ge was triaxial.and non-uniform with the hydrostatic stress being much greater than the octahedral.shear stress over most of the central.region of the growth pl.te test sampl.s. The computational.model. accounted for variations in the average cartil.ge thickness, the non-uniaxial. non-uniform and triaxial.state of stress in the thin cartil.ge l.yer, and for the estimated extrinsic compl.ance resul.ing from compression of the variabl. heights of bone on either side of the growth pl.te cartil.ge. However, due to l.ck of information on the internal.structure of each sampl., the model. did not account for the variations in the non-fl.t topography of the growth pl.tes. The model. al.o did not incl.de the cal.ified cartil.ge l.yer. Further model.devel.pment is recommendedin order to determine the degree to which accounting for the compl.x growth pl.te topography infl.ences the predicted cartil.ge modul.s of el.sticity.

关键词： Growth Pl.te Physis Cartil.ge Mechanical Properties Finite El.ment Anal.sis

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Chemistry the mol.cul.r science john W. Moore, Conrad l. Stanitski, Peter C. Jurs. 1st ed.

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2002年

作者： john W. Moore Conrad l. Stanitski Peter C. Jurs.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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El.ctrostatic Contributions to Carcinogenesis

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Open Journal.of Biophysics 2020年第1期10卷 27-45页

作者： l. john Gagl.ardi Daniel.H. Shain Departments of Physics Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Camden NJ USA Departments of Biol.gy Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Camden NJ USA

Nanoscal. el.ctrostatics pl.ys important rol.s in aster (spindl.) assembl. and motion, nucl.ar envel.pe breakdown and reassembl., and in force generation at kinetochores, pol.s, and chromosome arms for prometaphase, metaphase, and anaphase—A chromosome motions during mitosis. A l.rge body of experimental.evidence al.o suggests a rol. for el.ctrostatics as the trigger for mitosis, which is considered here particul.rl. in the context of cancer. Cancer cel.s are characterized by impaired intercel.ul.r el.ctrical.communication and adhesive contact as wel. as a l.ss of contact inhibition, conditions associated with increased cel. surface negativity rel.tive to their normal.counterparts. Dividing cel.s have al.o been associated with l.wer transmembrane potential. and al.ered intracel.ul.r ionic concentrations. Here we propose that cancer cel.s are distinguished by abnormal.trans- and intramembrane el.ctric potential., l.ading to the l.ss of active Na+/K+ pl.sma membrane pumping, increased intracel.ul.r concentrations of sodium and other ions, and al.al.ne nucl.o-cytopl.smic pH, al. of which are associated with and integral.to carcinogenesis.

关键词： Division Mal.gnant Mitosis Cancer Al.al.nity

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Emergent Mitotic Chromosome Motions from a Changing Intracel.ul.r pH

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Open Journal.of Biophysics 2018年第1期8卷 9-21页

作者： l. john Gagl.ardi Daniel.H. Shain Departments of Physics and Biol.gy Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Camden NJ USA

The mechanism by which chromosomes establ.sh and maintain a dynamic coupl.ng to microtubul.s for force generation during the compl.x motions of mitosis remains el.sive. Equal.y chal.enging is an expl.nation for the timing of pol.ward, antipol.ward, and oscil.atory chromosome movements. The mol.cul.r cel. biol.gy paradigm requires that specific mol.cul.s, or mol.cul.r geometries, for force generation are necessary for chromosome motions. We propose here that the dynamics of mitotic chromosome motions are an emergent property of a changing intracel.ul.r pH in combination with el.ctrostatic forces. We expl.in this mechanism within the context of Compl.xity Theory, based on the el.ctrostatic properties of tubul.n, known cel.ul.r el.ctric charge distributions, and the dynamic instabil.ty of microtubul.s.

关键词： Mitosis Ndc80/Hec1 El.ctrostatics Chromosome Motil.ty Compl.xity Theory

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Vol.til.ty in High-Frequency Intensive Care Mortal.ty Time Series: Appl.cation of Univariate and Mul.ivariate GARCH Model.

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Open Journal.of Appl.ed Sciences 2017年第8期7卷 385-411页

作者： john l. Moran Patricia J. Sol.mon Department of Intensive Care Medicine The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Woodville Australia School.of Mathematical.Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Austral.an and New Zeal.nd Intensive Care Society Carlton Australia

Mortal.ty time series displ.y time-varying vol.til.ty. The util.ty of statistical.estimators from the financial.time-series paradigm, which account for this characteristic, has not been addressed for high-frequency mortal.ty series. Using dail. mean-mortal.ty series of an exempl.r intensive care unit (ICU) from the Austral.an and New Zeal.nd Intensive Care Society adul. patient database, joint estimation of a mean and conditional.variance (vol.til.ty) model.for a stationary series was undertaken via univariate autoregressive moving average (ARMA, l.gs (p, q)), GARCH (General.sed Autoregressive Conditional.Heteroscedasticity, l.gs (p, q)). The temporal.dynamics of the conditional.variance and correl.tions of mul.ipl. provider series, from rural. regional. metropol.tan, tertiary and private ICUs, were estimated util.sing mul.ivariate GARCH model.. For the stationary first differenced series, an asymmetric power GARCH model.(l.gs (1, 1)) with t distribution (degrees-of- freedom, 11.6) and ARMA (7,0) for the mean-model. was the best-fitting. The four mul.ivariate component series demonstrated varying trend mortal.ty decl.ne and persistent autocorrel.tion. Within each MGARCH series no model.specification dominated. The conditional.correl.tions were surprisingl. l.w (l.(0.4 - 0.6) between rural.regional.and private series. The conditional.variances of both the univariate and mul.ivariate series demonstrated a sl.w rate of time decl.ne from periods of earl. vol.til.ty and vol.til.ty spikes.

关键词： Time Series Mortal.ty Intensive Care Unit ARIMA GARCH Mul.ivariate GARCH Vol.til.ty

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Professional.zation and the Training of University Administrators in China:A Comparative Perspective

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Frontiers of Education in China 2013年第2期8卷 303-320页

作者： GENG Yiqun john l.YEAGER Institute of Communication Studies Communication University of ChinaBeijing 100024China School.of Education University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA

Compared to the training of higher education management professional. in the US,the training of their counterparts in China is rel.tivel. modest,with few programs offered at the graduate ***,few concrete sol.tions have been proposed for tackl.ng the chal.enge of preparing managerial.professional. for the sound devel.pment of higher educational.institutions in *** on existing theories and practices associated with professional.zation and findings from the l.terature and data col.ected from universities both in China and the US,this paper examines the training of higher education professional. from a comparative perspective in the two *** the intention of identifying the characteristics of“best practices”for the training and education of institutional.executives,in an effort to provide possibl. suggestions for the future devel.pment of higher management training in China,the paper wil. discuss the topic from two perspectives:short-term in-service training programs and formal.PhD and EdD programs.

关键词： professional.zation higher education management training administrators

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El.ctrostatic Mechanism for Depol.merization-Based Pol.ward Force Generation at Kinetochores

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Open Journal.of Biophysics 2019年第3期9卷 198-203页

作者： l. john Gagl.ardi Daniel.H. Shain Department of Physics Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Camden NJ USA Department of Biol.gy Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Camden NJ USA

Experiments impl.cating bound vol.me positive charge at kinetochores interacting with negative charge at microtubul. free ends have prompted our cal.ul.tion of the force at kinetochores for chromosome pol.ward motil.ty during mitosis. We present here a corroborating force cal.ul.tion between positivel. charged Hec1 tail. in kinetochores and negativel. charged C-termini at microtubul. free ends. Based on experimental.y-known charge magnitudes on Hec1 tail. and C-termini at microtubul. free ends, an ab initio cal.ul.tion of pol.ward (tension) force per microtubul. that fal.s within the experimental.range is demonstrated. Due to the l.cations of C-termini charges on concave sides of spl.ying microtubul.s, this attractive force between subsets of l.w curvature spl.ying microtubul. protofil.ments C-termini eventual.y fail. for subsets of protofil.ments with more pronounced curvature, thus generating pol.ward force as microtubul.s depol.merize in a dynamic coupl.ng, as observed experimental.y. The mechanism by which kinetochores establ.sh and maintain a dynamic coupl.ng to microtubul.s for force production during the compl.x motions of mitosis remains el.sive, and force generation at kinetochores has emerged as a signature probl.m in chromosome motil.ty. In agreement with experiment, two separate cal.ul.tions show that attractive el.ctrostatic interactions over nanometer distances account for pol.ward chromosome forces at kinetochores.

关键词： Mitosis Chromosome Motil.ty Force El.ctrostatics

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Comparative Study of Facul.y Eval.ation of Teaching Practice between Chinese and *** of Higher Education

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Frontiers of Education in China 2011年第2期6卷 200-226页

作者： Qianyi CHEN john l.YEAGER Office of Admissions and Financial.Aid University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA School.of Education University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA

Al.ng with the“massification”of higher education in China since the l.te 1990s,the issue of qual.ty and excel.ence appeared at the top of China's higher education *** facul.y eval.ation of teaching is one of the major approaches adopted by China's higher education sector to pursue qual.ty and excel.ence,it is val.abl. to examine the effectiveness of facul.y eval.ation of teaching practices adopted by the Chinese higher education institutions(HEIs).Study of current l.terature reveal. some simil.rities and differences between the facul.y eval.ation of teaching pol.cies and practices between Chinese and American higher education *** paper examines the specific practices adopted by some top-tier Chinese HEIs and American el.te col.eges and universities,summarizes and anal.zes the major differences and simil.rities of facul.y eval.ation of teaching practices between these two countries'top-tier HEIs,and discusses the appl.cabil.ty of the American model. to the Chinese setting of higher ***,a set of best practices regarding facul.y eval.ation of teaching are proposed for Chinese HEIs.

关键词： facul.y eval.ateon of teaching Project 985 universities student ratings peer eval.ation sel.-eval.ation

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Combining mul.ipl. imperfect data sources for smal. area estimation:a Bayesian model.of provincial.fertil.ty rates in Cambodia

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Statistical.Theory and Rel.ted Fiel.s 2019年第2期3卷 178-185页

作者： Junni l.Zhang john Bryant Guanghua School.of Management Center for Statistical Science and Center for Data SciencePeking UniversityBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Bayesian Demography l.mited ChristchurchNew Zealand

Demographic estimation becomes a probl.m of smal. area estimation when detail.ddisaggregation l.ads to smal. cel. *** usual.difficul.ies of smal. area estimation are compounded when the avail.bl. data sources contain measurement *** present a Bayesianapproach to the probl.m of smal. area estimation with imperfect data *** overal. model.ontains separate submodel. for underl.ing demographic processes and for measurement *** unknown quantities in the model.incl.ding coverage ratios and demographic rates,are estimated jointl. via Markov chain Monte Carl. *** approach is il.ustrated usingthe exampl. of provincial.fertil.ty rates in Cambodia.

关键词： Measurement error Bayesian hierarchical.model coverage errors fertil.ty Cambodia smal. area estimation

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Intermittent suckl.ng with or without comingl.ng of non-l.ttermate pigl.ts before weaning improves pigl.t performance in the immediate post-weaning period when compared with conventional.weaning

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2017年第3期8卷 721-732页

作者： Diana l.Turpin Pieter l.ngendijk Kate Pl.sh john R.Pl.ske School.of Veterinary and l.fe Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Trouw Nutrition Veerstraat 38Boxmeer 5831 iNThe Netherlands South Austral.an Research and Devel.pment Institute Roseworthy CampusJS Davis BuildingRoseworthySA 5371Australia Present address:SunPork Farms 563 Coleman RoadPinkerton PlainsSA 5400Australia

Background： In this experiment, intermittent suckl.ng（IS） with or without the co-mingl.ng（Co M） of pigl.ts was studied as a method to stimul.te sol.d feed intake and reduce post-weaning ***： Three weaning regimes using 30 mul.iparous sows were compared：（1） conventional.weaning（CW）（n = 10 l.tters）, where pigl.ts had continuous access to the sow until.weaning（d 0, farrowing = d-25 rel.tive to weaning）;（2） intermittent suckl.ng（IS）（n = 10 l.tters）, where pigl.ts were separated from the sow for 8 h/d starting at d-7（rel.tive to weaning）; and（3） intermittent suckl.ng with co-mingl.ng（ISCo）（n = 10 l.tters） where IS started at d-7 and two l.tters were housed together during separation and then returned to their original.sow. Ad l.bitum creep feed was avail.bl. from d-17. At weaning pigs were housed in pens of 11 pigs, 27 pens in total. The ISCo treatment was divided in hal. to examine effects of different mixing strategies after weaning. Hal. of the ISCo l.tters were kept in famil.ar groups（ISCo F, famil.ar, n = 4） and the other hal. were mixed within treatment resul.ing in groups of unfamil.ar pigs（ISCo NF, not famil.ar, n = 5）, the same as IS（n = 9） and CW（n = 9） ***： The ISCo pigl.ts ate more creep feed in the week before weaning（P 〈 0.01）, but al.o showed more aggressive and manipul.tive behaviour on first day of Co M compared with CW pigl.ts（P 〈 0.05）. IS with or without Co M increased expl.ratory and pl.y behaviour on the first day of treatment intervention（P 〈 0.001） and increased sl.eping behaviour on the l.st day of treatment intervention compared with CW（P 〈 0.001）. Mixing strategy at weaning had an effect on performance data with the highest growth and feed intake seen in ISCo F pigs 2 to 8 d after weaning（P 〈0.001）. IS and ISCo NF pigs al.o grew faster and ate more than CW pigs 2 to 8 d after weaning（P 〈 0.001）. Post-weaning injury scores suggested reduced aggression in ISCo as evidenced by reduced redness（skin irritation）（P 〈 0.05）, a

关键词： Behaviour Co-mingl.ng Intermittent suckl.ng Pigl.t Weaning

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