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Magnetooptics of non-Kramers Eu^(3+) ions in garnets:analysis complemented by crystal-field splitting modeling calculations

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Journal of Rare Earths 2013年第9期31卷 837-842页

作者： Uygun V.Valiev john b.Gruber Anvar K.Mukhammadiev Vasiliy o.Pelenovich 付德君 Gary W.burdick Faculty of Physics National University of Uzbekistan Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Texas at San Antonio School of Physics and Technology Wuhan University Department of Physics Andrews University

Spectra of ab.orption, luminescence, magnetic circular dichroism （MCD）, and magnetic circular polarization of lumines- cence （MCPL） in Gd3Ga5o12：Eu3＋ and Eu3Ga3o12 garnets were studied within the visible spectral range at 300 K. Analysis of the spectral and temperature dependences of the magnetooptical and optical spectra made it possible to identify the magneto-dipole （MD） and electro-dipole （ED） 4f→4f transitions occurring between Stark sublevels of the 7FJ （J=1, 2） and 5D0 multiplets in Eua＋-containing garnet structures. Quantum mechanical ＂mixing＂ had significant influence on quasi-degenerate states of the non-Kramers rare-earth Eu3＋ ion for Eu3Gasol2 in MCD due to forbidden MD transition 7F1→SD0 and for GdaGasoiE：EU3＋ in MCPL due to MD 4f→4f transition 5Do→7F1 and forced ED-transition 5Do→7F2. A parameterized Hamiltonian defined to operate within the entire 4f（6） ground electronic configuration of Eu3＋ ion was used to model the experimental Stark levels, including their irreducible rep- resentations and wavefunctions. The crystal-field parameters were determined through a Monte-Carlo method in which nine in- dependent crystal-field parameters, bkq, were given random starting values and optimized using standard least-squares fitting between calculated and experimental levels. The final fitting standard deviation between 57 calculated-to-experimental levels was 0.73 meV.

关键词： : magnetic circular dichroism magnetic circular polarization luminescence adsorption garnet non-Kramers ion rare earths

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Prospects for sociogenomics in avian cooperative breeding and parental care

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Current Zoology 2020年第3期66卷 293-306页

作者： Flavia TERMIGNoNI-GARCIA Matthew I.M.LoUDER Christopher N.bALAKRISHNAN Lauren o’connell Scott V.EDWARDS Department of organismic and Evolutionary b.ology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA International Research Center for Neurointelligence The University of TokyoHongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of b.ology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA Department of b.ology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

For the last 40 years,the study of cooperative breeding(Cb)in birds has proceeded primarily in the context of discovering the ecological,geographical,and behavioral drivers of *** advent of molecular tools in the early 1990s assisted in clarifying the relatedness of helpers to those helped,in some cases,confirming predictions of kin selection *** for genome-wide analysis of sequence variation,gene expression,and epigenetics promise to add new dimensions to our understanding of avian Cb,primarily in the area of molecular and developmental correlates of delayed breeding and dispersal,as well as the ontogeny of achieving parental status in ***,we outline key ways in which modern-omics approaches,in particular genome sequencing,transcriptomics,and epigenetic profiling such as ATAC-seq,can be used to add a new level of ana-lysis of avian *** on recent and ongoing studies of avian social behavior and sociogenom-ics,we review how high-throughput sequencing of a focal species or clade can provide a robust foundation for downstream,context-dependent destructive and non-destructive sampling of spe-cific tissues or physiological states in the field for analysis of gene expression and epigenetics.-omics approaches have the potential to inform not only studies of the diversification of Cb.over evolutionary time,but real-time analyses of behavioral interactions in the field or *** of birds represents a new branch in the network of methods used to study Cb,and can help clarify ways in which the different levels of analysis of Cb ultimately interact in novel and unexpected ways.

关键词： ATAC-seq behavior convergent evolution epigenetics neurob.ology phylogeny

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Study of hybrid nanofluid flow in a stationary cone-disk system with temperature-dependent fluid properties

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 677-694页

作者： A.S.john b.MAHANTHESH G.LoRENZINI Center for Mathematical Needs Department of MathematicsCHRIST(Deemed to be University)Karnataka 560029India School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyTexas 78539U.S.A. Department of Engineering and Architecture University of ParmaParma 43124Italy

Cone-disk systems find frequent use such as conical diffusers,medical devices,various rheometric,and viscosimetry *** this study,we investigate the three-dimensional flow of a water-based Ag-Mg o hybrid nanofluid in a static cone-disk system while considering temperature-dependent fluid *** the variable fluid properties affect the dynamics and heat transfer features is studied by Reynolds's linearized model for variable viscosity and Chiam's model for variable thermal *** single-phase nanofluid model is utilized to describe convective heat transfer in hybrid nanofluids,incorporating the experimental *** model is developed as a coupled system of convective-diffusion equations,encompassing the conservation of momentum and the conservation of thermal energy,in conjunction with an incompressibility condition.A self-similar model is developed by the Lie-group scaling transformations,and the subsequent self-similar equations are then solved *** influence of variable fluid parameters on both swirling and non-swirling flow cases is ***,the Nusselt number for the disk surface is *** is found that an increase in the temperature-dependent viscosity parameter enhances heat transfer characteristics in the static cone-disk system,while the thermal conductivity parameter has the opposite effect.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid cone-disk system laminar flow variable fluid property Nusselt number

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Nanoparticle meta-grid for enhanced light extraction from light-emitting devices

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 842-852页

作者： Debabrata Sikdar john b.Pendry Alexei A.Kornyshev Department of Chemistry Molecular Sciences Research HubImperial College LondonWhite CityLondon W120BZUK Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039India The blackett Laboratory Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Thomas Young Centre for Theory and Simulation of Materials Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

based on a developed theory,we show that introducing a meta-grid of sub-wavelength-sized plasmonic nanoparticles(NPs)into existing semiconductor light-emitting-devices(LEDs)can lead to enhanced transmission of light across the LED-chip/encapsulant *** results from destructive interference between light reflected from the chip/encapsulant interface and light reflected by the NP meta-grid,which conspicuously increase the efficiency of light extraction from ***“meta-grid”,should be inserted on top of a conventional LED chip within its usual encapsulating *** described by the theory,the nanoparticle composition,size,interparticle spacing,and distance from the LED-chip surface can be tailored to facilitate maximal transmission of light emitted from the chip into its encapsulating layer by reducing the Fresnel *** analysis shows that transmission across a typical LEDchip/encapsulant interface at the peak emission wavelength can be b.osted up to ~99%,which is otherwise mere~84% at normal *** scheme could provide improved transmission within the photon escape cone over the entire emission spectrum of an *** would benefit energy saving,in addition to increasing the lifetime of LEDs by reducing ***,the scheme will be easy to implement and adopt into existing semiconductor-device technologies,and it can be used separately or in conjunction with other methods for mitigating the critical angle loss in LEDs.

关键词： light particle reflected

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Impact of radiotherapy on the immune landscape in oesophageal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第21期28卷 2302-2319页

作者： Noel E Donlon Maria Davern Fiona o'connell Andrew Sheppard Aisling Heeran Anshul bhardwaj Christine butler Ravi Narayanasamy Claire Donohoe James J Phelan Niamh Lynam-Lennon Margaret R Dunne Stephen Maher Jacintha o'Sullivan john V Reynolds Joanne Lysaght Department of Surgery Trinity Translational Medicine InstituteSt James HospitalDublin D08Ireland

bACKGRoUND In the contemporary era of cancer immunotherapy,an abundance of clinical and translational studies have reported radiotherapy(RT)and immunotherapies as a viable option for immunomodulation of many cancer subtypes,with many related clinical trials *** locally advanced disease,chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical excision of the tumour remain the principal treatment strategy in oesophageal adenocarcinoma(oAC),however,the use of the host immune system to improve anti-tumour immunity is rapidly garnering increased support in the curative *** To immunophenotype oAC patients’immune checkpoint(IC)expression with and without radiation and evaluate the effects of checkpoint b.ockade on cell *** In the contemporary era of cancer immunotherapy,an abundance of studies have demonstrated that combination RT and IC inhibitors(ICIs)are effective in the immunomodulation of many cancer subtypes,with many related clinical trials *** surgical excision and elimination of tumour cells by chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy remains the gold standard approach in oAC,the propagation of anti-tumour immune responses is rapidly garnering increased support in the curative *** aim of this body of work was to immunophenotype oAC patients’IC expression with and without radiation and to establish the impact of checkpoint b.ockade on cell *** study was a hybrid combination of in vitro and ex vivo *** of serum immune proteins was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** cytometry staining was performed to evaluate IC expression for in vitro oAC cell lines and ex vivo oAC *** viability in the presence of radiation with and without IC b.ockade was assessed by a cell counting kit-8 *** We identified that conventional dosing and hypofractionated approaches resulted in increased IC expression(PD-1,PD-L1,TIM3,TIGIT)in vitro and ex vivo in *** were two distinct sub.o

关键词： oesophageal Cancer Radiotherapy Immunotherapy Immunology Surgery oncology

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A perspective on the Li-ion battery

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第12期62卷 1555-1556页

作者： john b.Goodenough Hongcai Gao Texas Materials Institute and Materials Science Program The University of Texas at Austin Cockrell School of Engineering

In the 1960s,Rouxel in France and Robert Schroeder in Germany explored the chemistry of reversible intercalation of Li^+between MS2(M=transition metal)layers held together by weak Van der Waals bonding[1].In 1967,Kummer and Webber of the Ford Motor *** discovered fast 2D Na+diffusion at 300℃in incompletely occupied Na^+and o layers between spinel b.ocks of an aluminum oxide and had invented a sodium-sulfur battery operating above 300℃.

关键词： battery incomplete occupied

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Connexins in neurons and glia: targets for intervention in disease and injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第7期10卷 1013-1017页

作者： Keith b.Moore john o'brien Richard S.Ruiz M.D.Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston The University of Texas Graduate School of b.omedical Sciences

both neurons and glia throughout the central nervous system are organized into networks by gap junctions. Among glia, gap junctions facilitate metabolic homeostasis and intercellular communication. Among neurons, gap junctions form electrical synapses that function primarily for communication. However, in neurodegenerative states due to disease or injury gap junctions may be detrimental to survival. Electrical synapses may facilitate hyperactivity and bystander killing among neurons, while gap junction hemichannels in glia may facilitate inflammatory signaling and scar formation. Advances in understanding mechanisms of plasticity of electrical synapses and development of molecular therapeutics to target glial gap junctions and hemichannels offer new hope to pharmacologically limit neuronal degeneration and enhance recovery.

关键词： ischemia retinal degeneration amacrine cells astrocytes dopamine receptors adenosine receptors NMDA receptors connexin mimetic peptides

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Coping with the environmental effects of point-source discharges

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1992年第1期4卷 1-9页

作者： john Caims b.R.Niederlehner University Center for Environmental and Hazardous Materials Studies Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061-0415 USAUniversity Center for Environmental and Hazardous Materials Studies Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061-0415 USA Jr

Current methods for assessing the environmental impact of point source discharges in the United States are reviewed. The emphasis of many assessments of damage from pollution is shifting from chemical or technological standards to b.ological standards, i.e., the protection of b.ological integrity in the receiving system. The importance of integrating information from chemical measurements, toxicity tests, and field surveys in impact assessment is re-emphasized. Ways in which environmental professionals can improve methods for assessing damage from pollution and its control are discussed.

关键词： effluents b.ological integrity environmental assessment toxicity tests water pollution.

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Diagenesis and Fluid Flow History in Sandstones of the Upper Permian black Jack Formation, Gunnedah basin, Eastern Australia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第3期81卷 433-441页

作者： bAI Guoping john b. KEENE Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China School of Geosciences University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

The fluid flow history during diagenesis of sandstones in the Upper Permian black Jack Formation of the Gunnedah basin has been investigated through integrated petrographic observations, fluid inclusion investigations and stable isotope analyses. The early precipitation of mixed-layer illite/smectite, siderite, calcite, ankerite and kaolin proceeded at the presence of Late Permian connate meteoric waters at temperatures of up to 60℃. These evolved connate pore waters were also parental to quartz, which formed at temperatures of up to 87℃. The phase of maximum burial was characterized by development of filamentous illite and late calcite at temperatures of up to -90℃. Subsequent uplifting and cooling led to deep meteoric influx from surface, which in turn resulted in dissolution of labile grains and carbonate cements, and formation of second generation of kaolin. Dawsonite was the last diagenetic mineral precipitated and its formation is genetically related to deep-seated mamagtic sourced Co2.

关键词： diagenesis fluid flow history Gunnedah basin fluid inclusion stable isotope

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All-angle reflectionless negative refraction with ideal photonic Weyl metamaterials

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第10期11卷 2444-2450页

作者： Yachao Liu Guo Ping Wang john b.Pendry Shuang Zhang College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen University518060 ShenzhenChina School of Physics&Astronomy University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK The blackett Laboratory Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Department of Physics University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Electrical&Electronic Engineering University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Negative refraction,an unnatural optical phenomenon in which the incident and the refracted waves reside on the same side of the surface normal,has been demonstrated with the invention of negative index media based on artificially engineered photonic structures called *** has received wide attention due to its potential applications in imaging,nonlinear optics,and electromagnetic ***,it is highly challenging to realize negative refraction operating at all angles and with the perfect *** this work,leveraging the recent development in topological photonics,we propose to realize reflection less negative refraction for all incident angles with a topological *** proposed metamaterial possesses two Weyl points of opposite topological *** interfacing the metamaterial with a perfect electric conductor(PEC)or a perfect magnetic conductor(PMC),the Fermi arc connecting the two Weyl points can take the form of a half-circle possessing a positive or a negative refractive ***,due to the topological protection,there is no reflection at the interface between the PEC and PMC covered areas,leading to the observation of all-angle negative refraction without reflection at the *** work provides a new platform for manipulating the propagation of surface waves,which may find applications in the construction of integrated photonic devices.

关键词： refraction topological perfect

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