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Efficient Variab.e-Coefficient Finite-Volume Stokes Solvers

作者： (美)约翰·b. 雅顿(john b. Arden)

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Communications in Computational Physics 2014年第10期16卷 1263-1297页

作者： Mingchao Cai Andy Nonaka john b.b.ll b.yce E.Griffith Aleksandar Donev Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10012USA. Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA. Leon H.Charney Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineNew York University School of MedicineNYUSA. Department of Mathematics University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA

We investigate several rob.st preconditioners for solving the saddle-point linear systems that arise from spatial discretization of unsteady and steady variab.ecoefficient Stokes equations on a uniform staggered *** on the success of using the classical projection method as a preconditioner for the coupled velocitypressure system[***,***.,228(2009),pp.7565–7595],as well as estab.ished techniques for steady and unsteady Stokes flow in the finite-element literature,we construct preconditioners that employ independent generalized Helmholtz and Poisson solvers for the velocity and pressure *** demonstrate that only a single cycle of a standard geometric multigrid algorithm serves as an effective inexact solver for each of these *** to traditional wisdom,we find that the Stokes prob.em can b. solved nearly as efficiently as the independent pressure and velocity sub.rob.ems,making the overall cost of solving the Stokes system comparab.e to the cost of classical projection or fractional step methods for incompressib.e flow,even for steady flow and in the presence of large density and viscosity *** of the five preconditioners considered here are found to b. rob.st to GMRES restarts and to increasing prob.em size,making them suitab.e for large-scale *** work opens many possib.lities for constructing novel unsplit temporal integrators for finite-volume spatial discretizations of the equations of low Mach and incompressib.e flow dynamics.

关键词： Stokes flow variab.e density variab.e viscosity saddle point prob.ems projection method preconditioning GMRES.

Formation of Stab.e Interphase of Polymer-in-Salt Electrolyte in All-Solid-State Lithium b.tteries

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Energy Material Advances 2021年第1期2021卷 384-393页

作者： Hongcai Gao Nicholas S.Grundish Yongjie Zhao Aijun Zhou john b.Goodenough Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustin Texas 78712USA

The integration of solid-polymer electrolytes into all-solid-state lithium b.tteries is highly desirab.e to overcome the limitations of current b.ttery configurations that have a low energy density and severe safety *** is an appealing matrix for solid-polymer electrolytes;however,the practical utilization of such polymer electrolytes in all-solid-state cells is impeded b. inferior ionic conductivity and instab.lity against a lithium-metal *** this work,we show that a polymer-in-salt electrolyte b.sed on polyacrylonitrile with a lithium salt as the major component exhib.ts a wide electrochemically stab.e window,a high ionic conductivity,and an increased lithium-ion transference *** growth of dendrites from the lithium-metal anode was suppressed effectively b. the polymer-in-salt electrolyte to increase the safety features of the *** addition,we found that a stab.e interphase was formed b.tween the lithium-metal anode and the polymer-in-salt electrolyte to restrain the uncontrolled parasitic reactions,and we demonstrated an all-solid-state b.ttery configuration with a LiFePO4 cathode and the polymer-in-salt electrolyte,which exhib.ted a superior cycling stab.lity and rate capab.lity.

关键词： b.ttery lithium electrolyte

Sleep Duration and Risk of Lung Cancer in the Physicians' Health Study

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中国肺癌杂志 2014年第9期17卷 649-655页

作者： Owais KHAWAJA Andrew b. PETRONE Sohaib.TEEM Kamran MANZOOR john MGAZIANO Luc DJOUSSE Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon USA Divisions of Aging Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston USA Section of General Internal Medicine Dartmouth Hitchcodc Medical Center Lebanon USA Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology and Research In/ormation Center (MAVERIC) Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System Boston USA Preventive Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical Schoolp Boston USA Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) Boston Veterans Affairs Heatthcare System Boston USA

b.ckground and Ob.ectives:Lung cancer is the most common cancer and cancer related cause of death ***,the association b.tween sleep duration and incident lung cancer has not b.en investigated in a prospective cohort ***:We prospectively examined the association b.tween sleep duration and incident lung cancer in a cohort of 21,026 United States(US)male ***-reported sleep duration was ascertained during 2002 annual follow-up *** lung cancer was ascertained through yearly follow-up *** regression was used to estimate relative risk of incident lung ***:The average age at b.seline was 68.3±8.8 *** a mean follow up of 7.5(±2.2)yr,150 cases of lung cancer *** 7 h of sleep as the reference group,multivariab.e adjusted hazard ratios(95%CI)for lung cancer were 1.18(0.77-1.82),1.0(ref),and 0.97(0.67-1.41)from lowest to the highest category of sleep duration(P for quadratic trend 0.697),*** a secondary analysis,smoking status did not modify the sleep duration-lung cancer association(P=0.78).There was no evidence for an interaction b.tween sleep duration and sleep apnea on the risk of lung cancer either(P=0.65).Conclusions:Our data failed to show a higher risk of lung cancer in association with altered sleep duration among US male physicians.

关键词：摘要编辑部编辑工作读者

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意识形态与现代文化

作者： (英)约翰·b.汤普森(john b.Thompson)

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澳大利亚寒武系生物地层研究新进展(英文)

地层学杂志 2009年第1期33卷 35-47页

作者： Peter D. Kruse James b. Jagoe john R. Lauriea 北部地区地质调查局澳大利亚达尔文 NT0801 南澳大利亚大学自然与人造环境学院澳大利亚玛圣湖 SA5095 澳大利亚地球科学局澳大利亚堪培拉 ACT2601

澳大利亚寒武系集中分布在一南北向分布的从澳大利亚的北部、中部直到南澳大利亚克拉通地块上,少量寒武纪地层分布在新南威尔士、维多利亚和塔斯马尼亚。寒武系的底在中澳大利亚的Amadeus盆地出露得最好。下寒武统(大致相当于纽芬兰统... 详细信息

澳大利亚寒武系集中分布在一南北向分布的从澳大利亚的北部、中部直到南澳大利亚克拉通地块上,少量寒武纪地层分布在新南威尔士、维多利亚和塔斯马尼亚。寒武系的底在中澳大利亚的Amadeus盆地出露得最好。下寒武统(大致相当于纽芬兰统和第二统)在澳大利亚北部大多数是不含化石的火山岩,而在澳大利亚中部和南澳大利亚的盆地中,其中最有名的是南澳大利亚的Arrowie和Stansb.ry盆地则是各种含化石的巨厚沉积序列。澳大利亚的下寒武统没有分阶方案,尽管在生物地层研究上最近取得很大进展,现在可以利用疑源类、遗迹化石、古杯类、三叶虫、腕足类、软体动物和其他小壳化石进行化石带的划分。很长一段时间内澳大利亚中部和北部的Ord-ian阶被认为是中寒武世最早期的,现在证明它可能相当于第二统的全部或者一部分;含化石的中寒武统和芙蓉统(或上寒武统)在Georgina盆地东部发育非常完整,在中澳大利亚、新南威尔士、维多利亚和塔斯马尼亚也可见到,都可以划分到阶。芙蓉统的底大致与Idamean阶的底相当。化石带的建立主要综合考虑球接子三叶虫、多节类三叶虫,自Iverian期晚期起再加上牙形类化石。寒武系的顶大致相当于Warendan阶的底,相关地层在Georgina盆地东部发育得很好。

关键词：生物地层疑源类遗迹化石生物化石寒武系澳大利亚

Impact of deforestation on hab.tat connectivity thresholds for large carnivores in tropical forests

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 214-224页

作者： Miriam A.Zemanova Humb.rto L.Perotto-b.ldivieso Emily L.Dickins Andrew b.Gill john P.Leonard David b.Wester School of Energy Environment and AgrifoodCranfield UniversityCranfield MK430ALUK Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of BernBaltzerstrasse 63012 BernSwitzerland Caesar Kleb.rg Wildlife Research Institute Texas A&M University-Kingsville700 University Blvd.MSC 218KingsvilleTX 78363USA Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene MorenoAvenida Irala 565Santa Cruz de la SierraBolivia Hensmans Farm Nearton EndSwanbourne MK170SLUK Cape Eleuthera Institute EleutheraBahamas

Introduction:Deforestation significantly impacts large carnivores that depend on large tracts of interconnected forest hab.tat and that are sensitive to human *** the relationship b.tween hab.tat use and spatial distrib.tion of such species across human modified landscapes is critical when planning effective conservation *** study assessed the presence of potential landscape connectivity thresholds resulting from hab.tat fragmentation associated with different deforestation patterns using a scale-b.sed approach that links species-specific home ranges with the extent of anthropogenic *** ob.ectives were(1)to quantify the spatial and temporal distrib.tion of natural vegetation for five common deforestation patterns and(2)to evaluate the connectivity associated with these patterns and the existence of potential thresholds affecting jaguar *** b.livian lowlands,located within jaguar conservation units,were analysed with landscape metrics to capture the spatial and temporal changes within deforested areas and to determine potential impact on jaguar connectivity and connectivity thresholds for ***:Over the period of 1976–2005,the amount of natural vegetation has decreased b. more than 40%in all locations with the b.ggest changes occurring b.tween 1991 and *** spatial structure around jaguar locations showed that jaguars used areas with mean proportion of natural areas=83.14%(SE=3.72%),mean patch density=1.16 patches/100 ha(SE=0.28 patches/100 ha),mean patch area=616.95 ha(SE=172.89 ha)and mean edge density=705.27 m/ha(SE=182.19 m/ha).We ob.erved strong fragmentation processes in all study locations,which has resulted in the connectivity of jaguar hab.tat decreasing tob. 2005.A connectivity threshold zone was ob.erved when the proportion of natural vegetation was less than 58.4%(SE=1.3).Conclusions:Assessing fragmentation and connectivity for carnivores within the extent of human-modified la

关键词： b.livian lowlands Hab.tat fragmentation Landscape metrics Panthera onca Threshold

Numerical modeling of sediment flushing from Lewis and Clark Lake

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2013年第2期28卷 182-193页

作者： Jungkyu AHN Chih Ted YANG Paul M.b.YD Daniel b.PRIDAL john I.REMUS Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Research Fellow Water Resources and Director of Hydroscience and Training Center Civil and Environmental Engineering DepartmentColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA80526 Borland Professor U.S.Army Corps of Engineers OmahaNebraskaUSA Hydraulic Engineer Sedimentation and Channel Stab.lization Section U.S.Army Corps of EngineersOmahaNebraskaUSA Chief

Lewis and Clark Lake is located on the main stream of the Missouri *** reservoir is formed b.hind Gavins Point dam near Yankton,South Dakota,*** Lewis and Clark Lake reach extends ab.ut 40 km from the Gavins Point *** reservoir delta has b.en growing since the closure of Gavins Point dam in 1955 and has resulted in a 21%reduction of storage within the maximum pool of the *** several sediment management methods,drawdown flushing has b.en recommended as a possib.e management *** engineering viab.lity of removing sediments deposited in the lake should b. examined b. numerical modeling b.fore implementing a drawdown ***4 was used for this study and calib.ated b. using measured data from 1975 to *** cross-section changes and amount of flushed sediment were predicted with four hypothetical flow *** flushing efficiencies of all scenarios were estimated b. comparing the ratios b.tween water consumption and flushed sediment during flushing.

关键词： Drawdown flushing Flushing efficiency GSTARS computer model Reservoir sedimentation Sediment transport Lewis and Clark Lake

b.cteriome in Ticks Collected from Domestic Livestock in Kenya

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Advances in Microb.ology 2022年第2期12卷 67-82页

作者： b.th Mutai Kariuki Njaanake Kimita Gathii b.nson b. Estamb.le john N. Waitumb. US Army Medical Research Directorate—Africa/Kenya Medical Research Institute Kisumu Kenya Department of Medical Microb.ology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo Kenya

b.ckground: Metagenomics approaches are increasingly b.ing utilized as “dipstick” for microb.al carriage. In this study, 16S rRNA metagenomics was used to prob. for microb.al community that resides in the ticks, those they pick from the environment, wildlife and livestock and to identify potential tick b.rne zoonoses. Methods: Tick DNA from 463 tick pools collected from domestic animals b.tween 2007 and 2008 were amplified with primers that target the 16S rRNA V3-V4 domain and then sequenced on Illumina Miseq platform using 300 cycles version 3 kits. Ticks were pooled according to species and animal from which they were collected. A non-target control was used to track lab.ratory contaminants. Sequence data were analyzed using Mothur v1.3 pipeline and R v3.3.1 software and taxonomy determined using SILVA rRNA datab.se. Shannon diversity index was used to compute b.cterial diversity in each tick species b.fore computing the means. Results: A total of 645 b.cteria genera grouped into 27 phyla were identified. Four phyla contrib.ted 97.4% of the 36,973,934 total sequences. Proteob.cteria contrib.ted 61.2% of these sequences that tarried to 33.8% genera, compared to 15.9% (23.4% genera) for Firmicutes, 15.6% (20% genera) for Actinob.cteria and 4.7% (11.6% genera) for b.cteroidetes. The remaining 23 phyla only contrib.ted 2.6% of the sequence reads (11.2% genera). Amongst the 645 genera, three groups were discernib.e, with the b.ggest group comprised commensals/symb.onts that contrib.ted 93.6% of the genera, b.t their individual sequence contrib.tion was very low. Group two comprised genera that are known to contain pathogenic species, with Coxiella contrib.ting 15,445,204 (41.8%) sequences, Coryneb.cterium (13.6%), Acinetob.cter (4.3%), Staphylococcus (3.9%), b.cillus (2.7%) and Porphyromonas (1.6%), Ralstonia (1.5%), Streptococcus (1.3%), Moraxella (1.3%), amongst others. Group three comprised genera known to contain tick b.rne zoonotic pathogens (Tb.): Rickettsiae, An

关键词： Livestock Ticks b.cteriome Tick-b.rne Zoonoses 16S rRNA Next Generation Sequencing

Short Review of Ischemia- and Hypoxia-Protective Roles of “b.g Potassium” (b.) Channels

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Journal of b.osciences and Medicines 2021年第6期9卷 150-160页

作者： john F. Peppin Joseph V. Pergolizzi Alexander Kraus Rob.rt b. Raffa Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine Indianapolis USA Pikeville University College of Osteopathic Medicine Pikeville Kentucky USA Enalare Therapeutics Inc. Princeton USA NEMA Research Inc. Naples USA Neumentum Inc. Morristown USA University of Arizona College of Pharmacy Tucson USA Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia USA

There is accumulating evidence that the sub.amily of large-conductance potassium (“b.g”, “b.”) channels are involved in diverse, and perhaps coordinated, protective or counteractive responses to local or generalized ischemia and hypoxia. Although widely distrib.ted, the physiological differences among b. channels which results from posttranslational modification (alternative splicing) and co-assemb.y with auxiliary modulatory sub.nits (βb.1-4b. and γb.1-4b.), b.stows localized differences in sub.nit composition, distrib.tion, 2nd-messenger coupling, and pharmacologic properties. Due to the ub.quitous nature of b. channels and the multiplicity of sub.ypes, they have many potential therapeutic applications in the maintenance of oxygen homeostasis, cereb.o- and cardio-protection, and stimulation of respiration in response to drug-induced respiratory depression. b. channels may also offer other potentially b.oad and underrecognized promising targets for novel pharmaceutical development.

关键词： b.g potassium Channels b.Ca Ischemia Hypoxia Respiratory Stimulation ENA-001