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Morphometric Study of the Mastoid Process and its Role in Sex Differentiation:A Nigerian Computed tomography Study

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 1-10页

作者： Beryl Shitandi Ominde john NIgabari Joyce Ekeme Ikubor Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology Delta State UniversityAbrakaNigeria Department of Mathematics Delta State UniversityAbrakaNigeria Department of Radiology Delta State University Teaching HospitalOgharaNigeria

Background:the mastoid process can be utilized in forensic identification due to its resistance to alterations and population variations in its *** study investigated the role of mastoid parameters in the determination of sex in a Nigerian *** and Objectives:the aim of this study was to determine the gender differences in measurements of the mastoid ***,the study aimed at assessing the percentage accuracy of using the mastoid variables in sex *** and Methods:this cross-sectional study used computed tomographic images of the brain,stored in the radiology unit of a referral hospital in Delta State,*** was granted by the hospital’s Ethics *** measurements of the mastoid process were taken on images of 310 patients(170 males and 140 females)aged 20-80 *** were summarized using means and standard ***,side,and age group comparisons were assessed using the independent t-test,paired t-test,and analysis of variance,*** association between variables was probed using Pearson’s correlation *** discriminant function analysis was used to determine the accuracy of correct sex *** probability value was set atthe measurements were larger in males than in females(Pt the conventional height,oblique sagittal diameter,and mediolateral inclination angle showed significant differences between age groups(Pthe true height and oblique coronal diameter showed a significant positive correlation with age(0the lateral intermastoid distance was the best sex-discriminating variable(89.4%).Using all nine variables,the accuracy of sex prediction was 89.7%.Conclusion:the sexually dimorphic mastoid dimensions can collectively be used for sex determination with acceptable accuracies,in cases where only the fragmented parts of the temporal bone are available in Delta State,Nigeria.

关键词： Forensic mastoid process measurements sex determination

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Low-Cost Federated Broad Learning for Privacy-Preserved Knowledge Sharing in the RIS-Aided Internet of Vehicles

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 178-189页

作者： Xiaoming Yuan Jiahui Chen Ning Zhang Qiang(john)Ye Changle Li Chunsheng Zhu Xuemin Sherman Shen Qinhuangdao Branch Campus Northeastern UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks&the Research Institute of Smart transportation Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4Canada Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada SUStech Institute of Future Networks Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

High-efficiency and low-cost knowledge sharing can improve the decision-making ability of autonomous vehicles by mining knowledge from the Internet of Vehicles(IoVs).However,it is challenging to ensure high efficiency of local data learning models while preventing privacy leakage in a high mobility *** order to protect data privacy and improve data learning efficiency in knowledge sharing,we propose an asynchronous federated broad learning(FBL)framework that integrates broad learning(BL)into federated learning(FL).In FBL,we design a broad fully connected model(BFCM)as a local model for training client *** enhance the wireless channel quality for knowledge sharing and reduce the communication and computation cost of participating clients,we construct a joint resource allocation and reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)configuration optimization framework for *** problem is decoupled into two convex *** to improve the resource scheduling efficiency in FBL,a double Davidon–Fletcher–Powell(DDFP)algorithm is presented to solve the time slot allocation and RIS configuration *** on the results of resource scheduling,we design a reward-allocation algorithm based on federated incentive learning(FIL)in FBL to compensate clients for their *** simulation results show that the proposed FBL framework achieves better performance than the comparison models in terms of efficiency,accuracy,and cost for knowledge sharing in the IoV.

关键词： Knowledge sharing Internet of Vehicles Federated learning Broad learning Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces Resource allocation

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targeting trkB–PSD-95 coupling to mitigate neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 715-724页

作者： Xin Yang Yu-Wen Alvin Huang john Marshall Department of Molecular Biology Cell Biology and BiochemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Neurology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Center for translational Neuroscience Robert J.and Nancy D.Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational ScienceBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA

tropomyosin receptor kinase B(trkB)signaling plays a pivotal role in dendritic growth and dendritic spine formation to promote learning and *** activity-dependent release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor at synapses binds to pre-or postsynaptic trkB resulting in the strengthening of synapses,reflected by long-term ***,the association of postsynaptic density protein-95 with trkB enhances phospholipase Cγ-Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡand phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling required for long-term *** this review,we discuss trkB-postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling as a promising strategy to magnify brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling towards the development of novel therapeutics for specific neurological disorders.A reduction of trkB signaling has been observed in neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease,and enhancement of postsynaptic density protein-95 association with trkB signaling could mitigate the observed deficiency of neuronal connectivity in schizophrenia and *** with brain-derived neurotrophic factor is problematic,due to poor pharmacokinetics,low brain penetration,and side effects resulting from activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor or the truncated trkB.t1 *** trkB agonists and antibodies that activate trkB are being intensively investigated,they cannot distinguish the multiple human trkB splicing isoforms or cell type-specific *** trkB–postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling provides an alternative approach to specifically boost trkB signaling at localized synaptic sites versus global stimulation that risks many adverse side effects.

关键词： Angelman syndrome autism brain-derived neurotrophic factor depression neurodegenerative disorder neurodevelopmental disorder postsynaptic density protein-95 synaptic plasticity trkB

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C19MC miRNA-520G induces SP100 antiviral gene transcription and inhibits melanin production in skin cutaneous melanoma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 60-63页

作者： Goodwin G.Jinesh Marian t.Smallin Nino Mtchedlidze Isha Godwin Marco Napoli Nicole Hackel Manali S.Phadke Avani A.Deshpande Xiaobo Li john H.Lockhart Jaden R.Baldwin Suehelay Acevedo-Acevedo Yifeng Gao Michelle A.Reiser Keiran S.M.Smalley Elsa R.Flores Andrew S.Brohl Department of Molecular Oncology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Molecular Medicine Program H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Saveetha Medical College ChennaiTamil Nadu 602105India tumor Biology Department H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Sarcoma Department H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA

SP100 is an antiviral protein that restricts the productive stage of human papillomavirus(HPV)and multiple other viruses,and viruses in turn block sUMO-1-mediated stabilization of SP100 and promotes its degradation(table S1).Interferon(IFN)signaling could still produce more SP100 through transcription to counteract viruses.1 Viruses also disable the transcriptional up-regulation of SP100 to achieve persistent infection in hosts.

关键词： SP100 melanoma stabilization

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided portal pressure gradient identifies patients with previously undiagnosed clinically significant portal hypertension

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Portal Hypertension & Cirrhosis 2024年第2期3卷 67-74页

作者： Jerome C.Edelson Scott F.D.Edelson john G.Quiles Cyrus V.Edelson Eric M.Montminy Christian L.Horn john P.Magulick Don C.Rockey Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA Department of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA Department of Medicine Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA john H.Stroger Jr.Hospital of Cook County ChicagoIllinoisUSA Digestive Disease Research Center Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Aims:Portal hypertension(PH)is a complication of cirrhosis that leads to hepatic *** the portal pressure gradient(PPG)provides valuable information for disease assessment,staging,and *** this study,we aimed to report the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided PPG(EUS-PPG)measurements in a real-world ***:this retrospective analysis included patients at a tertiary care center who underwent EUS-PPG between February 2021 and May *** most common indication was to establish or exclude the diagnosis of cirrhosis,followed by an assessment of surgical risk in the setting of suspected *** demographic and clinical data were collected,and statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t ***:Eighteen patients underwent *** success was achieved in 17 of the 18 *** complications were *** mean scores of Child-Pugh,Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium,and Fibrosis-4 scores were 5.1±0.5,9.0±3.0,and 3.7±4.5,*** the 18 patients,two presented with esophageal varices and six with portal hypertensive *** mean PPG was 5.8±4.5 mmHg,and five patients exhibited clinically significant PH(CSPH).Of the 18 patients,15 underwent concurrent EUS-liver biopsy,which was 100%successful and provided diagnostic histology for all *** PPG data led to changes in the clinical management of 17 ***:EUS-PPG is safe and technically *** Child-Pugh score did not correlate well with the presence of CSPH;however,PPG measurements resulted in changes in the management of almost all *** studies correlating EUS-PPG with other assessments of liver diseases are required.

关键词： EUS portal hypertension portal pressure gradient

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从H1N1血凝素序列提取的沙门氏菌传递的COBRA-HA1抗原对甲型流感亚型产生广谱保护作用

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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 41-56页

作者： Ram Prasad Aganja Amal Senevirathne Chandran Sivasankar john Hwa Lee Department of Veterinary Public Health College of Veterinary MedicineJeonbuk National UniversityIksan 54596Republic of Korea Department of Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineChungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea

A universal vaccine is in high demand to address the uncertainties of antigenic drift and the reduced effectiveness of current influenza *** this study,a strategy called computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen(COBRA)was used to generate a consensus sequence of the hemagglutinin globular head portion(HA1)of influenza virus samples collected from 1918 to 2021 to trace evolutionary changes and incorporate them into the designed *** carrying different HA1regions were delivered into eukaryotic cells by Salmonella-mediated bactofection using a Semliki Forest virus RNA-dependent RNApolymerase(RdRp)-based eukaryotic expression system,*** protein expression was confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence *** immunized with the designed constructs produced a humoral response,with a significant increase in immunoglobulin G(IgG)levels,and a cell-mediated immune response,including a 1.5-fold increase in CD4^(+) and CD8^(+)t ***,constructs #1 and #5 increased the production of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)producing CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)t cells,skewing the response toward the t helper type 1 cell(th1)***,interleukin-4(IL-4)-producing t cells were upregulated *** efficacy was demonstrated,with up to 4-fold higher production of neutralizing antibodies and a hemagglutination inhibition titer>40 against the selected viral *** designed constructs conferred a broadly protective immune response,resulting in a notable reduction in viral titer and minimal inflammation in the lungs of mice challenged with the influenza A/PR8/34,A/Brisbane/59/2007,A/California/07/2009,KBPV VR-92,and NCCP 43021 *** discovery revolutionizes influenza vaccine design and delivery;Salmonella-mediated COBRA-HA1 is a highly effective in vivo antigen presentation *** approach can effectively combat seasonal H1N1 influenza strains and potential pandemic outbreaks.

关键词： COBRA Influenza A Salmonella Vaccine Broad spectral protection

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Small is beautiful, and dry

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第12期53卷 2245-2259页

作者： sheridan john Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Monash University

thousands of plant and animal species have been observed to have superhydrophobic surfaces that lead to various novel behaviors. these observations have inspired attempts to create artificial superhydrophobic surfaces, given that such surfaces have multitudinous applications. Superhydrophobicity is an enhanced effect of surface roughness and there are known relationships that correlate surface roughness and superhydrophobicity, based on the underlying physics. However, while these examples demonstrate the level of roughness they tell us little about the independence of this effect in terms of its scale. thus, they are not capable of explaining why such naturally occurring surfaces commonly have micron-submicron sizes. Here we report on the discovery of a new relation, its physical basis and its experimental verification. the results reveal that scaling-down roughness into the micro-submicron range is a unique and elegant strategy to not only achieve superhydrophobicity but also to increase its stability against environmental disturbances. this new relation takes into account the previously overlooked but key fact that the accumulated line energy arising from the numerous solid-water-air intersections that can be distributed over the apparent contact area, when air packets are trapped at small scales on the surface, can dramatically increase as the roughness scale shrinks. this term can in fact become the dominant contributor to the surface energy and so becomes crucial for accomplishing superhydrophobicity. these findings guide fabrication of stable super water-repellant surfaces.

关键词： scale effect line tension wetting contact angle superhydrophobic

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Effectiveness of Short Message Service Support on Adherence to Chemotherapy treatment among Patients Attending Cancer treatment Facilities in Kenya

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第3期14卷 93-113页

作者： Nebert Kiguhe Mchidi john P. Oyore Gordon Ogweno Department of Specialized Surgery . Kenyatta National Hospital Nairobi Kenya Department of Community Health and Epidemiology School of Public Health Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Department of Medical Physiology School of Medicine Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya

Introduction: Cancer is a chronic debilitating disease that unnerves patients, communities, and nations. At some point in cancer patient’s disease experience, chemotherapy is used, and the patient is expected to adhere to treatment to improve survival and quality of life. Methods: this multisite Cluster Randomized trial (CRt) evaluated the effectiveness of mobile phone Short Message Service (SMS) support on the adherence to treatment schedules among adult cancer patients in Kenya. Data was collected using questionnaires. Ethical approvals were obtained from relevant Ethical Review Boards (ERBs). Results: the mean adherence was 83%. there was a significant difference between treatment arms in relation to the adherence. the intervention arm had a higher mean adherence difference, M = 3.913, 95% CI 2.632-5.193, t (402) = 6.006, p ≤ 0.001), with Cohen’s d = 0.60. Although not significant, (χ2dd = 0.151, df = 1, p = 2.064), more women were perfect adheres than males. Perfect adherers were satisfied with SMS support (χ2dd = 7.620, df = 1, p = 0.06), were in the intervention arm (χ2dd = 22.942, df = 1, p ≤ 0.001), and had trust in the care provider (χ2dd = 10.591 p ≤ 0.001). SMS support was not significant in the multivariate analysis but had an estimated effect size of 0.958 (z = 1.424, p = 0.154, CI = 0.242-3.781), indicating that mean adherence was slightly better in the presence of the intervention. Conclusions: SMS-support intervention has demonstrated superiority in influencing adherence. Further, health system-related factors have a significant influence on the adherence to chemotherapy treatment. Interventions to re-design health systems that are responsive to unmet care needs of cancer patients must be explored. .

关键词： Adherence Cancer Symptom Distress Quality of Life Medication Posses-sion Ratio Short Message Service Survivorship

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the risk of prostate cancer on incidental finding of an avid prostate uptake on 2-deoxy-2-[^(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for non-prostate cancer-related pathology:A single centre retrospective study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 33-41页

作者： Anthony Franklin troy Gianduzzo Boon Kua David Wong Louise McEwan James Walters Rachel Esler Matthew J.Roberts Geoff Coughlina john W.Yaxley Department of Urology The Wesley HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia Wesley Medical Research BrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Radiology Wesley Medical ImagingBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Objective:to review the risk of prostate cancer(PCa)in men with incidentally reported increased intraprostatic uptake at 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PEt/Ct)ordered at Department of Urology,the Wesley Hospital,Brisbane,QLD,Australia for non-PCa related ***:Retrospective analysis of consecutive men between August 2014 and August 2019 presenting to a single institution for 18F-FDG PEt/Ct for non-prostate related conditions was *** were classified as benign,indeterminate,or malignant depending of the results of prostate-specific antigen(PSA),PSA velocity,biopsy histopathology,and three-tesla(3 t)multiparametric MRI(mpMRI)Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score,or gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen(68Ga-PSMA)PEt/Ct ***:three percent(273/9122)of men demonstrated 18F-FDG avidity within the ***-five percent(231/273)were further investigated,including with PSA tests(227/231,98.3%),3 t mpMRI(68/231,29.4%),68Ga-PSMA PEt/Ct(33/231,14.3%),and prostate biopsy(57/231,24.7%).Results were considered benign in 130/231(56.3%),indeterminate in 31/231(13.4%),and malignant in 70/231(30.3%).PCa was identified in 51/57(89.5%)of the men who proceeded to biopsy,including 26/27(96.3%)men with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 4-5 mpMRI and six men with a positive 68Ga-PSMA PEt/*** most common Gleason score on biopsy was greater than or equal to 4+5(14/51,27.5%).68Ga-PSMA PEt/Ct was concordant with the 18F-FDG findings in 26/33(78.8%).All 13 men with a positive concordant 18F-FDG,3 t mpMRI,and 68Ga-PSMA PEt/Ct had PCa on *** was no statistically significant difference in the 18F-FDG maximum standardized uptake value between the benign or malignant groups(5.7 vs.6.1;p=0.580).Conclusion:In this study,after an incidental finding of an avid intraprostatic lesion on 18F-FDG PEt/Ct,70 of the 231 cases(30.3%;0.8%of the entire cohort)had results c

关键词： Prostatecancer Positionemission tomography Multiparametric magneticresonance imaging Prostatebiopsy

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铁磁绝缘体中磁振子的非平衡稳态输运性质

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物理学报 2024年第14期73卷 214-221页

作者：杨栋超易立志丁林杰刘敏朱丽娅许云丽何雄沈顺清潘礼庆 john Q.Xiao 三峡大学理学院湖北省弱磁探测工程技术研究中心宜昌443002 三峡学院物理系重庆404100 香港大学物理系中国香港999077 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of DelawareNewark 19716USA

玻色子体系中的非平衡输运过程研究是极具挑战性的工作.磁振子是玻色子,具有与电子等费米子截然不同的自旋输运行为.本文以钇铁石榴石(YIG)铁磁绝缘体为研究对象,聚焦影响稳态下YIG中磁振子非平衡输运过程的关键因素.通过将具有非零化... 详细信息

玻色子体系中的非平衡输运过程研究是极具挑战性的工作.磁振子是玻色子,具有与电子等费米子截然不同的自旋输运行为.本文以钇铁石榴石(YIG)铁磁绝缘体为研究对象,聚焦影响稳态下YIG中磁振子非平衡输运过程的关键因素.通过将具有非零化学势μm的玻色-爱因斯坦统计函数引入到玻尔兹曼输运方程中,获得了以为幂次的输运方程严格解析表达式(当α(=-μm/(k_(B)t))t~1K/mm和10^(4)K/mm)下非平衡磁振子浓度δn_(m)和化学势μm的空间分布,它们分别对应于μm的值约为-0.1μeV和-6.2meV,均满足前提条件α<1.在远离平衡态的大温度梯度分布下,本文理论计算与实验结果吻合很好.这些理论研究结果将加深人们对铁磁绝缘体中磁振子非平衡输运行为的认识.

关键词：磁振子非平衡输运化学势磁振子扩散方程玻尔兹曼输运方程

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