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Using on-site liver 3-D reconstruction and volumetric calculations in split liver transplantation

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第6期15卷 587-592页

作者： Trevor W Reichman Brittany Fiorello Ian Carmody Humberto Bohorquez Ari Cohen john seal David Bruce George E Loss Ochsner Multi-Organ Transplant Institute Ochsner Medical Center

BACKGROUND： Split liver transplantation increases the number of grafts available for transplantation. Pre-recovery assessment of liver graft volume is essential for selecting suitable recipients. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability and feasibility of constructing a 3-D model to aid in surgical planning and to predict graft weight prior to an in situ division of the donor liver. METHODS： Over 11 months, 3-D volumetric reconstruction of 4 deceased donors was performed using Pathfinder Scout liver volumetric software. Demographic, laboratory, operative, perioperative and survival data for these patients along with donor demographic data were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS： The average predicted weight of the grafts from the adult donors obtained from an in situ split procedure were 1130 g （930-1458 g） for the extended right lobe donors and 312 g （222-396 g） for left lateral segment grafts. Actual adult graft weight was 92% of the predicted weight for both the extended right grafts and the left lateral segment grafts. The predicted and actual graft weights for the pediatric donors were 176 g and 210 g for the left lateral segment grafts and 308 g and 280 g for the extended right lobe grafts,respectively. All grafts were transplanted except for the right lobe from the pediatric donors due to the small graft ***： On-site volumetric assessment of donors provides useful information for the planning of an in situ split and for selection of recipients. This information may expand the donor pool to recipients previously felt to be unsuitable due to donor and/or recipient weight.

关键词： split liver transplantation reduced-size liver transplantation 3-D reconstruction

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“Weighing the risk”: Obesity and outcomes following liver transplantation

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第11期7卷 1484-1493页

作者： Trevor W Reichman George Therapondos Maria-Stella Serrano john seal Rachel Evers-Meltzer Humberto Bohorquez Ari Cohen Ian Carmody Emily Ahmed David Bruce George E Loss Multi-Organ Transplant Institute Ochsner Medical Center

Obesity is on the rise worldwide. As a result, unprecedented rates of patients are presenting with end stage liver disease in the setting of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and are requiring liver transplantation. There are significant concerns that the risk factors associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome might have a detrimental effect on the long term outcomes following liver transplantation. In general, short term patient and graft outcomes for both obese and morbidly obese patients are comparable with that of non-obese patients, however, several studies report an increase in peri-operative morbidity and increased length of stay. Continued studies documenting the long-term outcomes from liver transplantation are needed to further examine the risk of recurrent disease(NAFLD) and also further define the role risk factors such cardiovascular disease might play long term. Effective weight reduction in the post liver transplant setting may mitigate the risks associated with the metabolic syndrome long-term.

关键词： End stage liver disease Obesity Morbidobesity Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Non-alcoholicfatty liver disease Cirrhosis Liver transplantation

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Liver transplantation with grafts obtained after cardiac death-current advances in mastering the challenge

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World Journal of Translational Medicine 2014年第2期3卷 58-68页

作者： Fateh Bazerbachi Nazia Selzner john B seal Markus Selzner Department of Medicine University of Minnesota Department of Medicine University of TorontoMultiorgan Transplant Program Toronto General Hospital Department of Surgery University of Toronto Multiorgan Transplant Program Toronto General Hospital

The scarcity of donor livers has increased the interest in donation after cardiac death(DCD) as an additional pool to expand the availability of organs. However, the initial results of liver transplantation with DCD grafts have been suboptimal due to an increased rate of complications, as well as decreased graft survival. These challenges have led to many developments in DCD donation outcome, as well as basic and translational research. In this article we review the unique characteristics of DCD donors, nuances of DCD organ procurement, the effect of prolonged warm and cold ischemia times, and discuss major studies that compared DCD to donation after brain death liver transplantation, in terms of outcomes and complications. We also review the different methods of donor treatment that has been applied to ameliorate DCD organ outcome, and we discuss the role of machine perfusion techniques in organ reconditioning. We discuss the two major perfusionmodels, namely, hypothermic machine perfusion and normothermic machine perfusion; we compare both methods, and delineate their major differences.

关键词： Transplant hepatology Liver transplantation Organ donation Extended criteria donors Donation after cardiac death Ex-vivo liver perfusion Normothermic machine perfusion Hypothermic machine perfusion

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Whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism and mating compatibility studies reveal the presence of distinct species in sub-Saharan Africa Bemisia tabaci whiteflies

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Insect Science 2021年第6期28卷 1553-1566页

作者： Habibu Mugerwa Hua-Ling Wang Peter Sseruwagi Susan seal john Colvin Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichCentral AvenueChatham MaritimeKentUK Department of Entomology University of GeorgiaGriffinGeorgiaUSA Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Biotechnology Department Mikocheni Agricultural Research InstituteDar es SalaamTanzania

In sub-Saharan Africa cassava growing areas,two members of the Bemisia tabaci species complex termed sub-Saharan Africa 1(SSA1)and SSA2 have been reported as the prevalent whiteflies associated with the spread of viruses that cause cassava mosaic disease(CMD)and cassava brown streak disease(CBSD)*** the peak of CMD pandemic in the late 1990s,SSA2 was the prevalent whitefly,although its numbers have diminished over the last two decades with the resurgence of SSA1 *** SSA1 subgroups(SGI to SG3)are the predominant whiteflies in East Africa and vary in distribution and biological *** compatibility between SSA1 subgroups and SSA2 whiteflies was reported as the possible driver for the resurgence of SSA 1 *** this study,a combination of both phylogenomic methods and reciprocal crossing experiments were applied to determine species status of SSA1 subgroups and SSA2 white-fly *** analyses conducted with 26548205 bp whole genome single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and the full mitogenomes clustered SSA1 subgroups together and separate from SSA2 *** incompatibility between SSA1 subgroups and SSA2 further demonstrated their distinctiveness from each *** analyses conducted with SNPs and mitogenomes also revealed different genetic relationships among SSA1 *** former clustered SSA 1-SGI and SSA1-SG2 to-gether but separate from SSA1-SG3,while the latter clustered SSA1-SG2 and SSA1-SG3 together but separate from SSA *** compatibility was observed between SSA 1-SGI and SSA1-SG2,while incompatibility occurred between SSA 1-SGI and SSA1-SG3,and SSA 1-SG2 and SSA *** results among SSA 1 subgroups were coherent with phylogenomics results based on SNPs but not the full ***,this study revealed that the secondary endosymbiont--did not mediate reproductive success in the crossing assays carried ***,using genome wide SNPs together with reciproca

关键词： Bemisia tabaci phylogenomics reciprocal crossing sub-Saharan Africa species

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Next Generation Transcriptome Sequencing and Quantitative Real-Time PCR Technologies for Characterisation of the Bemisia tabaci Asia 1 mtCOI Phylogenetic Clade

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第2期11卷 281-292页

作者： Susan seal Mitulkumar V Patel Carl Collins john Colvin David Bailey Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichChatham Maritime Kent ME4 4TBUnited Kingdom

A programme of functional genomics research is underway at the University of Greenwich,UK,to develop and apply genomics technologies to characterise an economically-important but under-researched Bemisia tabaci（Hemiptera：Aleyrodidae）,the Asia 1 mtCOI phylogenetic group.A comparison of this putative species from India with other important *** populations and insect species may provide targets for the development of more effective whitefly control *** a first step,next-generation sequencing（NGS）has been used to survey the transcriptome of adult female whitefly,with high quality RNA preparations being used to generate cDNA libraries for NGS using the Roche 454 Titanium DNA sequencing *** assemblies constructed from the resultant sequences（301 094 reads）using the software program CLC Genomics Workbench generated 3 821 core *** of a selection of these contigs with related sequences from other *** genetic groups has revealed good alignment for some genes（e.g.,HSP90）but misassemblies in other datasets（e.g.,the vitellogenin gene family）,highlighting the need for manual curation as well as collaborative international efforts to obtain accurate assemblies from the existing next generation sequence ***,data emerging from the NGS has facilitated the development of accurate and reliable methods for analysing gene expression based on quantitative real-time RT-PCR,illustrating the power of this approach to enable rapid expression analyses in an organism for which a complete genome sequence is currently lacking.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci whitefly transcriptome next generation sequencing quantitative real-time (QRT)-PCR Asia 1 mtCOI

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Bemisia tabaci Phylogenetic Groups in India and the Relative Transmission Efficacy of Tomato leaf curl Bangalore virus by an Indigenous and an Exotic Population

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第2期11卷 235-248页

作者： R V Chowda-Reddy M Kirankumar Susan E seal V Muniyappa Girish B Valand M R Govindappa john Colvin Agriculture Health and Environment GroupNatural Resources InstituteUniversity of Greenwich at MedwayChatham MaritimeKentME4 4TBUnited Kingdom Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre London-N5V 4T3Canada Department of Plant Pathology University of Agricultural SciencesBangalore-560 065India Department of Plant Pathology Gujarat Agricultural UniversityAnand 388110GujaratIndia

Bemisia tabaci adults from various host-plant species were collected from 31 regions across India.266 *** samples were first screened by RAPD-PCR to examine molecular variability and to select individuals with different ***-plant and region of collection were then used to select 25 individuals for PCR amplification and sequencing of their partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit one（mtCOI）*** comparisons with mtCOI consensus sequences showed that the majority of these samples had 〈3.5% sequence divergence from groups currently termed Asia I,Asia II-5,Asia II-7,and Asia *** biotype-B *** from India clustered into the Middle East-Asia Minor 1 group.A new group of *** from Coimbatore,collected from pumpkin,was related most closely to the Asia I group（6.2% sequence divergence from the consensus Asia I sequence）.To increase our understanding of the epidemiology of tomato leaf curl disease（ToLCD）and the key *** genetic groups involved in virus spread,the indigenous Asia I and the exotic biotype-B population from South India were used to carry out transmission experiments using Tomato leaf curl Bangalore virus（ToLCBV）.The acquisition access periods（AAP）,inoculation access periods（IAP）,latent periods（LP）,and ToLCBV transmission efficiencies of the two populations were compared and the biotype-B had the more efficient transmission *** results are discussed in relation to recent changes in the epidemiology of tomato leaf curl disease in South India.

关键词： begomoviruses mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase whitefly Bemisia tabaci virus-vector relationships epidemiology

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Socio-Economic and Scientific Impact Created by Whitefly-Transmitted,Plant-Virus Disease Resistant Tomato Varieties in Southern India

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第2期11卷 337-345页

作者： john Colvin N Nagaraju Carlos Moreno-Leguizamon R M Govindappa T B Manjunatha Reddy S A Padmaja Neena Joshi Peter M Hanson Susan E seal V Muniyappa Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentME4 4TBUnited Kingdom University of Agricultural Sciences G.K.V.K.Bangalore 560065India AVRDC-The World Vegetable Center

Research carried out to assess the impact of open-pollinated Tomato leaf curl virus（ToLCV）-resistant tomatoes and hybrids on the livelihoods of resource-poor farmers in Southern India is described and *** high-yielding ToLCV-resistant tomato varieties were developed initially using conventional breeding and screening techniques involving inoculation by ToLCV-viruliferous whitefly,Bemisia *** 2003 and 2004,respectively,these varieties were released officially by the Karnataka State Seed Committee and the Indian Ministry of Agriculture through notification in the Gazette of *** 2003 to 2005,eleven seed companies bought breeder seed of the ToLCV-resistant varieties and used them to begin breeding F1 hybrids from ***-economic studies carried out to assess the benefits obtained from growing the ToLCV-resistant varieties found that farmers could gain up to 10 times the profit by growing the ToLCV-resistant varieties compared to the pre-existing ToLCV-susceptible *** of ToLCV-resistant tomatoes was also associated with reduced pesticide *** income from tomato sales was prioritised by farmers to pay for children＇s education,better nutrition and *** a joint effort with the commercial seed sector in India,a promotional field day was organised in *** well as the three ToLCV-resistant varieties,62 ToLCV-resistant hybrid tomatoes were exhibited during a farmer-field day by 17 commercial seed companies and several public *** with ToLCV-resistance are now grown widely in South India and seeds of the three open-pollinated varieties have been distributed to more than 12 *** 2007,a conservative estimate of the financial-benefit to cost of the research ratio was already more than 837：1.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci begomovirus international development tomato resistance Tomato leaf curl virus

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Biological efficacy of perpendicular type-I collagen protruded from TiO_(2)-nanotubes

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International Journal of Oral Science 2020年第4期12卷 346-355页

作者： Chia-Yu Chen David M.Kim Cliff Lee john Da Silva Shigemi Nagai Toshiki Nojiri Masazumi Nagai Department of Oral Medicine Infection and ImmunityHarvard School of Dental Medicine188 Longwood AvenueBostonMAUSA Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences Harvard School of Dental Medicine188 Longwood AvenueBostonMAUSA Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology School of Dental MedicineIwate Medical University19-1 UchimaruMoriokaIwateJapan

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological efficacy of a unique perpendicular protrusion of type-I collagen(Col-I)from TiO2 nanotubes(NT-EPF surface).We hypothesized that the NT-EPF surface would play bifunctional roles in stimulating plateletmediated fibroblast recruitment and anchoring fibroblast-derived Col-I to form a perpendicular collagen assembly,mimicking the connective tissue attachment around natural teeth for the long-term maintenance of dental *** surface modification was accomplished in two ***,TiO2 nanotubes(NT)array was fabricated via *** and depths of NTs were controlled by applied voltage and ***,an electrophoretic fusion(EPF)method was applied to fuse Col-I into nanotube arrays in a perpendicular *** wettability was assessed by contact angle *** bioactivity of modified TiO2 surfaces was evaluated in terms of NIH3T3 fibroblast attachment,platelet activation,and collagen *** attachment,aggregation,and activation of platelets as well as release of platelet-related growth factors were demonstrated on NTEPF ***-mediated NIH3T3 cells migration toward NT-EPF was significantly increased and the attached cells showed a typical fibrous morphology with elongated spindle shape.A direct linkage between pseudopod-like processes of fibroblasts to NTEPF surfaces was ***,the engineered EPF collagen protrusion linked with cell-derived collagen in a perpendicular *** the limitation of this in vitro study,the TiO2 nanotube with perpendicular Col-I surface(NT-EPF)promoted better cell attachment,induced a strong platelet activation which suggested the ability to create a more robust soft tissue seal.

关键词： activation linkage sized

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Possible Bornu Basin Hydrocarbon Habitat—A Review

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第9期5卷 983-996页

作者： john Adeyinka Adekoya Peter Sunday Ola Solomon Ojo Olabode Department of Applied Geology Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Department of Geological Sciences Osun State University Osogbo Nigeria

An attempt is made in this article to examine and assess the possible petroleum habitat in the Bornu Basin, which is the Nigerian portion of the Mega-Chad Basin that has been found to host oil and gas in commercial quantities in Niger, Chad and Cameroon. The presence of three of the fundamental geological factors (source rock, reservoir rock and seal/trap) for commercial hydrocarbon accumulation was assessed in the light of existing information. Available geochemical information reveals that the shales of the Bima, Gongila and Fika Formations in the Bornu Basin contain sufficient organic matter for hydrocarbon generation. Limited existing geochemical data suggest that the quantity and quality of the organic matter in the shales vary widely with the TOC of most samples ranging from 0.54 wt% - 1.25 wt% and the HI from 11 - 173.80 mg/g in intervals with Tmax in the range of 365°C - 519°C. In addition, the kerogen type is predominantly type III with minor type II, thus suggesting a predominant gas prone basin. Possible reservoir rocks occur as sand/sandstone beds within the Bima, Gombe, and Kerri-Kerri, as well the Gongila Formation which also contains much shale and limestone. Both stratigraphic and structural trapping conditions exist in the Bornu Basin. The structural traps were presumably formed during the widespread Santonian tectonic inversion that affected the entire Mega-Chad Basin. It is suggested that deeper drilling into the sands and sandstone of the untested Bima Formation that could host hydrocarbon of commercial quantities, as evidenced by the discoveries at deeper depths in the neighbouring Termit Basin, was desirable.

关键词： Organic Geochemistry Bornu Basin Source Rock Reservoir Trap

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人为干预强度及海象的短期和长期生存:阐述和量化研究对野生动物的影响

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2005年第6期34卷 420-423页

作者： Clive McMahon john van den Hoff Harry Burton 胥宁 School of Biological Sciences University of Wales SwanseaSingleton ParkSwansea SA28PPWales Australian Antarctic Division Channel Highway Kingston 7050Tasmania Australia Australian Antarctic Division Channel Hwy Kingston7050 Tasmania Australia

这一研究阐述了反复的人为干预对一个濒临灭绝的物种——南海象——存活率的影响,以及对野生动物研究的蕴涵。南海象幼崽在其出生后的前6周里不断的受到人为干预。这种人为研究可能已经改变了正在调查的一些参数,这样的可能性是我们这... 详细信息

这一研究阐述了反复的人为干预对一个濒临灭绝的物种——南海象——存活率的影响,以及对野生动物研究的蕴涵。南海象幼崽在其出生后的前6周里不断的受到人为干预。这种人为研究可能已经改变了正在调查的一些参数,这样的可能性是我们这里所阐述的一个主要的和相关的研究领域。结果显示,那些反复受到干预,遭受入侵性研究方法的幼崽,从短期(24天的哺乳期)或长期(出生后的第一年或者更长)的生存率上来看没有受到明显的影响,受到干预一年后也很健康。我们没能发现受到人为干预强度最大和最小的海象的之间的存活率存在任何显著的差异,这支持了这一结论。

关键词：野生动物人为海象短期强度量化动物研究存活率入侵性生存率

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