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Intermittent suckling with or without comingling of non-littermate piglets before weaning improves piglet performance in the immediate post-weaning period when compared with conventional weaning

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 721-732页

作者： Diana L.Turpin Pieter Langendijk Kate Plush john r.pluske School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Trouw Nutrition Veerstraat 38Boxmeer 5831 iNThe Netherlands South Australian research and Development Institute Roseworthy CampusJS Davis BuildingRoseworthySA 5371Australia Present address:SunPork Farms 563 Coleman RoadPinkerton PlainsSA 5400Australia

Background： In this experiment, intermittent suckling（IS） with or without the co-mingling（Co M） of piglets was studied as a method to stimulate solid feed intake and reduce post-weaning ***： Three weaning regimes using 30 multiparous sows were compared：（1） conventional weaning（CW）（n = 10 litters）, where piglets had continuous access to the sow until weaning（d 0, farrowing = d-25 relative to weaning）;（2） intermittent suckling（IS）（n = 10 litters）, where piglets were separated from the sow for 8 h/d starting at d-7（relative to weaning）; and（3） intermittent suckling with co-mingling（ISCo）（n = 10 litters） where IS started at d-7 and two litters were housed together during separation and then returned to their original sow. Ad libitum creep feed was available from d-17. At weaning pigs were housed in pens of 11 pigs, 27 pens in total. The ISCo treatment was divided in half to examine effects of different mixing strategies after weaning. Half of the ISCo litters were kept in familiar groups（ISCo F, familiar, n = 4） and the other half were mixed within treatment resulting in groups of unfamiliar pigs（ISCo NF, not familiar, n = 5）, the same as IS（n = 9） and CW（n = 9） ***： The ISCo piglets ate more creep feed in the week before weaning（P 〈 0.01）, but also showed more aggressive and manipulative behaviour on first day of Co M compared with CW piglets（P 〈 0.05）. IS with or without Co M increased exploratory and play behaviour on the first day of treatment intervention（P 〈 0.001） and increased sleeping behaviour on the last day of treatment intervention compared with CW（P 〈 0.001）. Mixing strategy at weaning had an effect on performance data with the highest growth and feed intake seen in ISCo F pigs 2 to 8 d after weaning（P 〈0.001）. IS and ISCo NF pigs also grew faster and ate more than CW pigs 2 to 8 d after weaning（P 〈 0.001）. Post-weaning injury scores suggested reduced aggression in ISCo as evidenced by reduced redness（skin irritation）（P 〈 0.05）, a

关键词： Behaviour Co-mingling Intermittent suckling Piglet Weaning

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Gastrointestinal tract(gut) health in the young pig

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第2期4卷 187-196页

作者： john r.pluske Diana L.Turpin Jae-Cheol Kim School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Pork Innovation Western Australia(Inc.) AB Vista Asia Pte.Ltd

An optimally functioning gastrointestinal tract(GIT) clearly is of importance to the overall metabolism,physiology, disease status and performance of pigs of all stages of growth and ***, the‘health’ of the GIT(‘gut health’) has attracted much attention despite the lack of a clear definition to the term or its aetiology, although in broad terms, ‘gut health’ encompasses a number of physiological and functional features including nutrient digestion and absorption, host metabolism and energy generation, a stable and appropriate microbiota/microbiome, defence mechanisms including barrier function and mucosal immune mechanisms, and the interactions between these components.‘Gut health’ in the newlyweaned(young) pig is of obvious interest due to changes in GIT structure and function associated with the post-weaning transition, and more recently to the upsurge in interest in different feed additives as dietary alternatives/replacements caused by bans/reductions in certain antimicrobial compounds being available in some parts of the *** the presence of enteric disease(s) after weaning, a deterioration in ‘gut health’ may be synonymous to the overall health of the pig, and although some direct relationships can be drawn between pig performance and efficiency and a ‘healthy' GIT, sometimes this connection is subtler and less obvious, especially in the absence of overt enteric disease(s).The factors and conditions involved in ‘gut health’ are multifactorial, complex, often poorly described and sometimes incorrectly interpreted,although it is evident that perturbations of the GIT can cause an imbalance and disturb the generalized *** addition to any enteric diseases or conditions that might arise as a result of these disturbances, other influences will also impact such as the responses occurring in the GIT in the period immediately after weaning, any changes that might occur after a change in diet, and(or) disruptions to meal patterns and hence

关键词： Gastrointestinal tract Gut health Structure and function Pig Piglet Weaning

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Dietary stimulation of the endogenous somatotropic axis in weaner and growerfinisher pigs using medium chain triglycerides and cysteamine hydrochloride

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 405-416页

作者： David W.Miller Zoe Prosser Edward Y.W.Chee Christian F.Hansen Frank r.Dunshea Bruce P.Mullan john r.pluske School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA6150Australia Department of Large Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenGroennegaardsvej 21870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Melbourne School of Land and Environment University of MelbourneParkvilleVlC 3051Australia Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia Bentley Delivery CenterLocked Bag4BentleyWA 6983Australia

Background： Three experiments were conducted to examine the overall hypothesis that addition of medium chain triglycerides（MCT） and cysteamine hydrochloride（CSH） into the diets of young and growing pigs would stimulate the endogenous somatotropic axis to improve growth and ***： In Experiment 1, weaner pigs were given either a 5 d dietary supplement of 5 % MCT（n = 8） or a control diet（n = 8）. MCT increased the plasma concentration of growth hormone（GH; P ＆lt; 0.05） and the GH secretagogue,ghrelin（P ＆lt; 0.05）. Additionally, the MCT treatment reduced scouring（P ＆lt; 0.05）, maintained villous height in the small intestine（P ＆lt; 0.05） and stabilised daily weight gain（P ＆lt; 0.05）, compared to the controls. Experiment 2compared the effects of 4 levels（0, 1, 3 and 6 % v/v） of MCT supplementation in grower-finisher male pigs, of approximately 35 kg live weight（n = 15 per treatment）. Blood samples taken after 7 wk of treatment showed that the MCT supplementation increased circulating ghrelin（P ＆lt; 0.001）, GH（P ＆lt; 0.01） and insulin（P ＆lt; 0.05）concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. Daily weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not affected by the MCT diets. In Experiment 3, 64 female pigs of approximately 60 kg live weight were allocated to one of three dietary treatments： control（n = 20）; 6 % MCT（n = 21）; and 70 mg/kg CSH（n = 21）. After 3 wk of supplementation, the MCT treated pigs had a higher plasma concentration of ghrelin compared to the control and CSH pigs（P ＆lt; 0.05）. Plasma concentrations of GH and weight were not affected by any of the dietary ***： Evidence is provided in Experiment 1 to support the use of dietary MCT supplements, perhaps acting via stimulation of somatotropic endocrine pathways, to minimise weaning-associated disorders such as slowing of growth and diarrhoea. In Experiments 2 and 3, although there was no effect on weight gain or feed conversion ratio in either experiment, MCT and CSH incr

关键词： Ghrelin Growth Pig Somatotropin

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断奶仔猪肠道健康和发育相关的饲料及添加剂

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饲料工业 2013年第10期34卷 60-64页

作者： john r.pluske 珀斯默多克大学动物研究所

当我们最大限度地减少抗菌复合物,如抗生素生长促进剂(AGP)和重金属混合物的使用时,为了保持养猪业的长期可持续发展,就必须发展新的或者不同的管理和饲养策略,来刺激刚断奶仔猪肠道的发育和健康,以达到改善生长性能的目的。仔猪断奶所... 详细信息

当我们最大限度地减少抗菌复合物,如抗生素生长促进剂(AGP)和重金属混合物的使用时,为了保持养猪业的长期可持续发展,就必须发展新的或者不同的管理和饲养策略,来刺激刚断奶仔猪肠道的发育和健康,以达到改善生长性能的目的。仔猪断奶所引起的包括养分和能量摄入量不足,不适当的肠道菌群数量和平衡,不成熟和被抑制的免疫功能,以及身心失调等不利因素,这些因素能降低消化和吸收的效率,并通过黏膜损伤和改变肠道上皮紧密连接的完整性,从而降低肠道的屏障功能。因此,断奶仔猪对于像由于肠毒素大肠杆菌血清型引起的断奶后腹泻这样的致病肠道条件极其易感。尽管日粮成分、菌群和肠道三者之间有些作用机制并不完全清楚,但是许多日粮成分,如蛋白质、纤维、饲料添加剂和矿物质,都被报道能通过影响胃肠道微生物增殖,从而影响仔猪肠道的发育和健康。在全世界对养猪业中使用抗生素的监管越来越严格的氛围下,使得我们需要找出某种饲料添加剂来作为抗生素的替代品或替代物。在某些情况下,这种可替代抗生素使用的饲料添加剂在日常商品猪的营养上也将发挥重要作用。然而,一般说来,并不是所有饲料添加剂的功效都稳定,因此在重大疾病暴发时,治疗剂量的抗生素和重金属,比如氧化锌仍然被普遍应用。如果饲料成分和饲料添加剂的使用具有较大的规范性和可靠性,并配合恰当的感染模型和体内体外技术,就更有利于我们理解抗生素和矿物元素(氧化锌)影响动物生理机能的机制。

关键词：断奶仔猪胃肠道健康饲料添加剂与抗生素

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Post-weaning and whole-of-life performance of pigs is determined by live weight at weaning and the complexity of the diet fed after weaning

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第4期3卷 372-379页

作者： Cherie L.Collins john r.pluske rebecca S.Morrison Trevor N.McDonald robert J.Smits David J.Henman Ingunn Stensland Frank r.Dunshea rivalea Australia Pty Ltd School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of Melbourne

The production performance and financial outcomes associated with weaner diet complexity for pigs of different weight classes at weaning were examined in this experiment. A total of 720 weaner pigs(360 entire males and 360 females) were selected at weaning(27 ± 3 d) and allocated to pens of 10 based on individual weaning weight(light weaning weight: pigs below 6.5 kg; medium weaning weight: 6.5 to8 kg; heavy weaning weight: above 8.5 kg). Pens were then allocated in a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with the respective factors being weaning weight(heavy, medium and light; H, M and L,respectively), weaner diet complexity(high complexity/cost, HC; low complexity/cost, LC), and gender(male and female). Common diets were fed to both treatment groups during the final 4 weeks of the weaner period(a period of 39 days). In the first 6 d after weaning, pigs offered the HC diets gained weight faster and used feed more efficiently than those offered the LC diets(P = 0.031). Pigs fed a HC diet after weaning tended to be heavier at the sale live weight of 123 d of age compared with pigs fed the LC diet(P = 0.056). There were no other main effects of the feeding program on growth performance through to slaughter. Weaning weight had a profound influence on lifetime growth performance and weight at 123 d of age, with H pigs at weaning increasing their weight advantage over the M and L pigs(101.3,97.1, 89.6 kg respectively, P re was a minimal benefit in terms of cost per unit live weight gain over lifetime when pigs were offered a HC feeding program to L,with a lower feed cost/kg gain. The results from this investigation confirm the impact of weaning weight on lifetime growth performance, and suggest that a HC feeding program should be focused on L weaner pigs(i.e., weaning weight less than 6.5 kg at 27 d of age) in order to maximise financial returns.

关键词： Pigs Performance Diet complexity Weaning weight Carcass characteristics Cost benefit analyses

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Effect of mucin 4 allele on susceptibility to experimental infection with enterotoxigenic F4 Escherichia coli in pigs fed experimental diets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 981-989页

作者： Samantha O.Sterndale Danica J.Evans Josephine P.Mansfield Julie Clarke Shafi Sahibzada Sam Abraham Mark O’Dea David W.Miller Jae Cheol Kim john r.pluske Agriculture Sciences College of ScienceHealthEngineering and Education Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia CSIrO Health and Biosecurity PO BOX 10041AdelaideBC 5000Australia Antimicrobial resistance and Infectious Disease Laboratory Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia AB Vista Asia Pte.Ltd The MezzoWhampoa 329682Singapore

Background: This study investigated the validity of the DNA-marker based test to determine susceptibility to ETECF4 diarrhoea by comparing the results of two DNA sequencing techniques in weaner pigs following experimental infection with F4 enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC-F4). The effects of diet and genetic susceptibility were assessed by measuring the incidence of piglet post-weaning diarrhoea(PWD), faecal E. coli shedding and the diarrhoea ***: A DNA marker-based test targeting the mucin 4 gene(MUC4) that encodes F4 fimbria receptor identified pigs as either fully susceptible(SS), partially or mildly susceptible(Sr), and resistant(rr) to developing ETEC-F4 diarrhoea. To further analyse this, DNA sequencing was undertaken, and a significantly higher proportion of C nucleotides was observed for rr and Sr at the Xba I cleavage site genotypes when compared to SS. However, no significant difference was found between Sr and rr genotypes. Therefore, results obtained from Sanger sequencing retrospectively allocated pigs into a resistant genotype(MUC4–), in the case of a C nucleotide, and a susceptible genotype(MUC4+), in the case of a G nucleotide, at the single nucleotide polymorphism site. A total of 72 weaner pigs(age ~ 21 days), weighing 6.1 ± 1.2 kg(mean ± SEM), were fed 3 different diets:(i) positive control(PC) group supplemented with 3 g/kg zinc oxide(Zn O),(ii) negative control(NC) group(no Zn O or HAMSA),and(iii) a diet containing a 50 g/kg high-amylose maize starch product(HAMSA) esterified with acetate. At days five and six after weaning, all pigs were orally infected with ETEC(serotype O149:F4;toxins LT1, ST1, ST2 and EAST). The percentage of pigs that developed diarrhoea following infection was higher(P = 0.05) in MUC4+ pigs compared to MUC4– pigs(50% vs. 26.8%, respectively). Furthermore, pigs fed Zn O had less ETEC-F4 diarrhoea(P = 0.009) than pigs fed other diets, however faecal shedding of ETEC was similar(P > 0.05) between ***

关键词： Diarrhoea Escherichia coli F4 MUC4 Weaner pigs Zinc oxide

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日粮中添加中链甘油三酯和半胱胺酸盐对断奶仔猪和生长育肥猪内源性生长轴的影响

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猪业科学 2016年第12期33卷 24-26页

作者：孟春春(译) david w.miller zoe prosser edward y.w.chee christian f.hansen frank r.dunshea bruce p.mullan john r.pluske 北京百迈客生物科技有限公司北京101300 不详

该文通过3个试验来检验总体假设,即在仔猪和生长猪的日粮中添加中链甘油三酯(MCT)和半胱胺酸盐(CSH)将会刺激其内源性生长轴,从而改善其生长和性能。试验1结果显示:日粮中添加MCT增加了断奶仔猪血浆中生长激素(GH)(P<0.05)和生长激素促... 详细信息

该文通过3个试验来检验总体假设,即在仔猪和生长猪的日粮中添加中链甘油三酯(MCT)和半胱胺酸盐(CSH)将会刺激其内源性生长轴,从而改善其生长和性能。试验1结果显示:日粮中添加MCT增加了断奶仔猪血浆中生长激素(GH)(Prelin)的浓度(Prelin)(Prelin浓度明显升高(P<0.05),而血浆GH浓度和体重则不受任何处理的影响。结论:试验1的结果表明日粮中添加MCT,可能是通过刺激生长激素内分泌途径将断奶相关病症(例如生长迟缓和腹泻)降到最低。在试验2和试验3中,尽管MCT和CSH的添加对猪只的增重或饲料转化率没有影响,但是增加了其生长轴的内分泌组分。

关键词： Ghrelin 生长猪促生长激素细胞

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Effect of mucin 4 allele on susceptibility to experimental infection with enterotoxigenic F4 Escherichia coli in pigs fed experimental diets.

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2019年第4期

作者： Samantha O.Sterndale Danica J.Evans Josephine P.Mansfield Julie Clarke Shafi Sahibzada Sam Abraham Mark O'Dea David W.Miller Jae Cheol Kim john r.pluske

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Feed- and feed additives-related aspects of gut health and development in weanling pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 83-89页

作者： john r.pluske Division of research and Development Murdoch University

The development of new/different management and feeding strategies to stimulate gut development and health in newly-weaned pigs, in order to improve growth performance while minimizing the use of antimicrobial compounds such as antibiotic growth promotants （AGP） and heavy mineral compounds, is essential for the long-term sustainability of the pig industry. Factors including the sub-optimal intake of nutrients and energy, inappropriate microbiota biomass and （or） balance, immature and compromised immune function, and psychosomatic factors caused by weaning can compromise both the efficiency of digestion and absorption and intestinal barrier function through mucosal damage and alteration of tight junction integrity. As a consequence, pigs at weaning are highly susceptible to pathogenic enteric conditions such as post-weaning diarrhea that may be caused by serotypes of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coil Many dietary components, e.g., protein, fiber, feed additives and minerals, are known to influence microbial growth in the gastrointestinal tract that in turn can impact upon pig growth and health, although the relationships between these are sometimes not necessarily apparent or obvious. In a world climate of increased scrutiny over the use of antibiotics per se in pig production, certain feed additives are seen as alternatives/replacements to antibiotics, and have evolved in some cases to have important roles in everyday commercial pig nutrition. Nevertheless and in general, there remains inconsistency and variability in the efficacy of some feed additives and in cases of severe disease outbreaks, for example, therapeutic antibiotics and/or heavy minerals such as zinc oxide （ZnO） are generally relied upon. If feed ingredients and （or） feed additives are to be used with greater regularity and reliability, then it is necessary to better understand the mechanisms whereby antibiotics and minerals such as ZnO influence animal physiology, in conjunction with the use of approp

关键词： Antibiotics Antimicrobials Nutrition Pigs Post-weaning diarrhoea Weaning

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Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation improves protein utilization efficiency while vitamin E supplementation reduces markers of the inflammatory response in weaned pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic ***

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 143-153页

作者： Jae Cheol Kim Bruce P. Mullan john L. Black robert J. E. Hewitt robert J. van Barneveld john r. pluske School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA 6150 Australia Department of Agriculture and Food Pork Innovation South Perth WA 6151 Australia john L Black Consulting Warrimoo NSW 2774 Australia SunPork Farms Solutions Loganholme QLD 4129 Australia Barneveld Nutrition Pry Ltd Loganholme QLD 4129 Australia

Background： This experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that vitamin E（Vit E） and acetylsalicylic acid（ASA）, a cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2） inhibitor, will additively reduce the production of the immunosuppressive molecule prostaglandin E_2（PGE_2） and hence reduce inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. ***： The experiment was conducted in a research facility with 192 individually-housed male weaner pigs（Landrace × Large White） weighing 6.6 ± 0.04 kg（mean ± SEM）. The pigs were experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli and were allocated to a 2 × 3 factorial design with the respective factors being without and with 125 ppm ASA and three levels of Vit E supplementation（50, 100 or 200 IU/kg diet, dl-α-tocopheryl acetate）.results： Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation improved average daily gain（P 〈 0.05） and tended to improve feed：gain ratio（P 〈 0.10） during the first 14 d after weaning. Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation also improved（P 〈 0.001） amino acid utilization efficiency（as assessed by plasma urea level） and tended to decrease（P 〈 0.10） PGE2 production in the liver without affecting smal intestinal histology and tight junction protein mr NA expression in the jejunal epithelium. Vitamin E supplementation greater than 100 IU/kg diet sustained both the plasma Vit E concentration（P 〈 0.001） and plasma haptoglobin content（P 〈 0.001） after weaning. However, there was no additive effects of the combined supplementation of ASA and Vit E on performance, intestinal barrier function and inflammatory responses of weaned ***： Although ASA and vitamin E improved amino acid utilization efficiency and reduced acute inflammatory responses, ASA and vitamin E did not additively reduce production of PGE2 and inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimental y infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli.

关键词： Acetylsalicylic acid E.coli infection PGE_2 Vitamin E Weaner pigs

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