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Prioritizing Strategies for Building the Resilience of Public Health Systems to Disasters Across Multiple Communities and Countries

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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 1-17页

作者： Benjamin j.ryan Mayumi Kako Shelby Garner Rok Fink Ismail Tayfur jonathan Abrahams Sanjaya Bhatia Adriana Campelo Matthew Fendt Alicia Fontenot Nahuel Arenas Garcia Tim Hatch Ryoma Kayano LaShonda Malrey‑Horne Makiko MacDermot Md Moshiur Rahman Chaverle Noel Shuhei Nomura jeremy P.Novak Maria Opazo Kendell Oliver Luciana Peters Sohel Rahman PerihanŞimşek Andrew Stricklin Raymond Swienton Bryan W.Brooks Frist College of Medicine Belmont UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Department of Environmental Science Environmental Health Science ProgramCollege of Arts and SciencesBaylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Division of Nursing Science School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshima 734-8553Japan Gordon E.Inman College of Health Sciences and Nursing Belmont UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ljubljana1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Department of Emergency Medicine University of Health Sciences34668 IstanbulTurkey Monash University Accident Research Center MelbourneVIC 3800Australia Global Education and Training Institute United Nations Ofce for Disaster Risk ReductionIncheon 22004Republic of Korea Regional Ofce for the Americas and Caribbean United Nations Ofce for Disaster Risk ReductionPanama City 0843-03441Panama Engineering and Computer Science Baylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Department of Public Health Robbins College of Health and Human SciencesBaylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Alabama Department of Public Health MontgomeryAL 36092USA World Health Organization Centre for Health Development(WHO Kobe Centre) Kobe 651-0073Japan Waco-McLennan County Public Health District WacoTX 76707USA Department of Health Policy and Management School of MedicineKeio UniversityTokyo 160-8582Japan Department of Global Health Policy Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research Tokyo 106-6234Japan Global Development College BrisbaneQLD 4000Australia Municipality of Pudahuel 13124 PudahuelChile City Hall of Porto Alegre Porto Alegre 90010-170Brazil Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of the People’s Republic of BangladeshDhaka 1000Bangladesh Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management Trabzon University61335 TrabzonTurkey Department of Emergency Medicine UT SouthwesternDallasTX 75390USA

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the urgent need to strengthen public health *** response,the United Nations Disaster Risk Reduction(UNDRR) Public Health System Resilience Scorecard(Scorecard) was applied in workshops across multiple *** aim of our research was to explore the workshop findings to develop priority strategies for strengthening public health system *** conducted a workshop from 14 to 16 March 2023,at the UNDRR Global Education and Training Institute in Incheon,Republic of Korea.A sequential modified Delphi method was utilized to develop a set of prioritized resilience *** were drawn from 70 strategies identified from 13 distinct workshops in eight *** two surveys,23 strategies were *** received ratings of "High" or Very High" from89% of *** related to the inclusion of public health risks in emergency plans,integrating multidisciplinary teams into public health,enabling local transport mechanisms,and improving the ability to manage an influx of *** Scorecard provides an adaptable framework to identify and prioritize strategies for strengthening public health system *** leveraging this methodology,our study demonstrated how resilience strategies could inform disaster risk reduction funding,policies,and actions.

关键词： Health system resilience Public policy Resilience scorecard Workshops

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Storylines of family medicine Ⅸ:people and places—diverse populations and locations of care

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 79-88页

作者： William B Ventres Leslie A Stone Emad R Abou-Arab julio Meza David S Buck jerome W Crowder jennifer Y C Edgoose Alexander Brown Ellen j Plumb Amber K Norris jay j Allen Lauren E Giammar john E Wood Scott M Dickson G Austin Brown Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family Medicine University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA Family Medicine University of California Los AngelesDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Community Medicine University of HoustonTilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Social and Behavioral Sciences University of HoustonTilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA NH Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency ConcordNew HampshireUSA San Francisco VA Medical Center San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Duluth Family Medicine Residency Program University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth CampusDuluthMinnesotaUSA UAMS Northeast Regional Campus Family Medicine Residency Program JonesboroArkansasUSA Cascades East Family Medicine Residency Program Oregon Health&Science University School of MedicineKlamath FallsOregonUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅸ:people and places—diverse populations and locations of care’,authors address the following themes:‘LGBTQIA+health in family medicine’,‘A family medicine approach to substance use disorders’,‘Shameless medicine for people experiencing homelessness’,“Difficult”encounters—finding the person behind the patient’,‘Attending to patients with medically unexplained symptoms’,‘Making house calls and home visits’,‘Family physicians in the procedure room’,‘Robust rural family medicine’and‘Full-spectrum family medicine’.May readers appreciate the breadth of family medicine in these essays.

关键词： illustration family dimensions

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Imaging approach for jaw and maxillofacial bone tumors with updates from the 2022 World Health Organization classification

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World journal of Radiology 2024年第8期16卷 294-316页

作者： Woongsoon john Choi Peggy Lee Penelope C Thomas Tanya j Rath Monique A Mogensen Roberta W Dalley Pattana Wangaryattawanich Division of Neuroradiology Department of RadiologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Radiology M&S Radiology AssociatesSan AntonioTX 78217United States Division of Oral Radiology University of Washington School of DentistrySeattleWA 98195United States Division of Neuroradiology Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicPhoenixAZ 85054United States

jaw and maxillofacial bone lesions encompass a wide variety of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic *** lesions can arise from various tissues,including bone,cartilage,and soft tissue,each presenting distinct challenges in diagnosis and *** some pathologies exhibit characteristic imaging features that aid in diagnosis,many others are *** overlap often necessitates a multimodal imaging approach,combining techniques such as radiographs,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging to achieve a diagnosis or narrow the diagnostic *** article provides a comprehensive review of the imaging approach to jaw and maxillofacial bone tumors,including updates on the 2022 World Health Organization classification of these *** relevant anatomy of the jaw and dental structures that is important for accurate imaging interpretation is discussed.

关键词： Mandible Maxilla Maxillofacial jaw Tumor Neoplasm

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Adaptive strategies of high and low nucleic acid prokaryotes in response to declining resource availability and selective grazing by protozoa

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1872-1884页

作者： Chen HU Liuqian YU Xiaowei CHEN jihua LIU Yao ZHANG john BATT Xilin XIAO Qiang SHI Rui ZHANG Tingwei LUO Nianzhi jIAO Dapeng XU College of the Environment and Ecology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesFujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon SequestrationXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education(LORE)of Dalhousie University Canadaand Shandong University and Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences ThrustThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 510000China Institute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Department of Oceanography Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova Scotia B3H 4R2Canada Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Carbon Neutral Innovation Research Center Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

Prokaryotes play a fundamental role in global ocean biogeochemical ***,how the abundance and metabolic activity of ecologically distinct subgroups(i.e.,high nucleic acid(HNA)and low nucleic acid(LNA)cells),and their regulating factors,change in response to changing marine environmental conditions remains poorly ***,we delved into the time-evolving dynamic responses of the HNA and LNA prokaryotic subgroups to declining resource availability and selective grazing by protozoa by conducting a 73-day incubation experiment in a large-volume(117,000 L)macrocosm that facilitates community-level *** found that the metabolic activity of the HNA subgroup was higher than that of the LNA subgroup when the macrocosm was resource replete but that the HNA subgroup declined more rapidly than the LNA subgroup as the resources became increasingly scarce,leading to a steadily increasing contribution of LNA cells to prokaryotic ***,as resources in the macrocosm became limited,protozoan grazing preference shifted from the HNA to the LNA subgroup and the contributions of the LNA subgroup to the carbon flow within the macrocosm *** findings highlight the resilience of LNA cells in resource-limited environments,illuminate the critical role of selective grazing by protozoa in balancing distinct prokaryotic subgroups under changing resource conditions,and demonstrate the complex and adaptive interactions between protozoa and prokaryotes across diverse environmental contexts.

关键词： Microbial loop Macrocosm experiment Prokaryote Top-down and bottom-up controls Carbon flow

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Chinese Renminbi Arrival in the ＂Tripolar＂ Global Monetary Regime

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China & World Economy 2015年第6期23卷 44-55页

作者： john ryan Research Fellow the Von Hugel Institute St. Edmund's College Cambridge UK.

Since the financial crisis hit in 2007, the US dollar privilege has not only become ＂exorbitant＂ but ＂extortianate. ＂ Countries such as China are no longer willing to allow the USA to exercise this extortionate behavior. The potential geopolitical implications of a US dollar decline are immense. The USA would lose its privileged seigniorage position and with that the ability to achieve permanently higher returns on foreign assets than the returns paid to foreigners who invest in the USA. The global economy is already close to operating with three regional exchange rate anchors： the US dollar; the euro; and, increasingly, the renminbi. Hence, the transition to a tripolar system could occur sooner than many assert. Nevertheless, given the importance of financial deepening and integration in the internationalization of currencies, any shift will still be gradual.

关键词： dollar euro,'intemationalization of renminbi special drawing rights tripolar currency regime

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Inter-signal interaction and uncertain information in anuran multimodal signals

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Current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 153-161页

作者： ryan C. TAYLOR Barrett A. KLEIN Michael j. ryan Department of Biological Sciences Salisbury University Salisbury MD 21801 USA Section of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute P.O. Box 0843-03092 Balboa Ancon Republic of Panama

Disentangling the influence of multiple signal components on receivers and elucidating general processes influencing complex signal evolution are difficult tasks. In this study we test mate preferences of female squirrel treefrogs Hyla squirella and female tungara frogs Physalaemus pustulosus for similar combinations of acoustic and visual components of their multimodal courtship signals. In a two-choice playback experiment with squirrel treefrogs, the visual stimulus of a male model significantly increased the attractivness of a relatively unattractive slow call rate. A previous study demonstrated that faster call rates are more attractive to female squirrel treefrogs, and all else being equal, models of male frogs with large body stripes are more attractive. In a similar experiment with female tungara frogs, the visual stimulus of a robotic frog failed to increase the attractiveness of a relatively unattractive call. Females also showed no preference for the distinct stripe on the robot that males commonly bear on their throat. Thus, features of conspicuous signal components such as body stripes are not universally important and signal function is likely to differ even among species with similar ecologies and communication systems. Finally, we discuss the putative information content of anuran signals and suggest that the categorization of redundant versus multiple messages may not be sufficient as a general explanation for the evolution of multimodal signaling. Instead of relying on untested assumptions concerning the information content of signals, we discuss the value of initially collecting comparative empirical data sets related to receiver responses.

关键词： Inter-signal interaction Multimodal signaling Signal detection Signal weighting Squirrel treefrog Hyla squirella Tfingara frog Physalaemus pustulosus Vocal sac

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Development,validation,and transportability of several machine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2max)prediction models for older adults

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjamin T.Schumacher Michael j.LaMonte Andrea Z.LaCroix Eleanor M.Simonsick Steven P.Hooker Humberto Parada jr. john Bellettiere Arun Kumar Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Human Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Computer Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:There exist few maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))non-exercise-based prediction equations,fewer using machine learning(ML),and none specifically for older *** direct measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large epidemiologic cohort studies,we sought to develop,validate,compare,and assess the transportability of several ML VO_(2max)prediction ***:The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)participants with valid VO2_(max)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were trained to predict VO_(2max)*** developed these algorithms for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables common in aging ***,we quantified the associations between measured and predicted VO_(2max)and ***:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 mL/kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,and 3.5 mL/kg/min,*** quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality *** VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effect estimates but were not robust to ***:Measured VO_(2max)is a strong predictor of *** ML can improve the accuracy of prediction as compared to simpler approaches but estimates of association with mortality remain sensitive to *** studies should seek to reproduce these results so that VO_(2max),an important vital sign,can be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for promoting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Prediction algorithms Epidemiology Mortality

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Structural brain volume differences between cognitively intact ApoE4 carriers and non-carriers across the lifespan

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第8期13卷 1309-1312页

作者： ryan j.Piers Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Boston University

Apolipoprotein E4（ApoE4） is a prominent genetic risk factor for Alzheimer＇s disease. The purpose of this review is to explore differences in structural brain volume detected by magnetic resonance imaging between cognitively intact ApoE4 carriers and non-carriers across the lifespan（i.e., older adults, middle-aged adults, young adults, children and adolescents, and neonates）. Consistent findings are found throughout various developmental stages. This area of research may elucidate the mechanisms by which ApoE4 influences risk of developing Alzheimer＇s disease. It could also inform potential treatment strategies and interventions for carriers of the ApoE4 allele.

关键词： MRI healthy aging genetic risk factor biomarker Alzheimer's disease

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Optimizing laser coupling,matter heating,and particle acceleration from solids using multiplexed ultraintense lasers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 16-28页

作者： Weipeng Yao Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Sébastien Buffechoux Patrizio Antici Marco Borghesi Andrea Ciardi Sophia N.Chen Emmanuel d’Humières Laurent Gremillet Robert Heathcote Vojtech Horny Paul McKenna Mark N.Quinn Lorenzo Romagnani ryan Royle Gianluca Sarri Yasuhiko Sentoku Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Toma Toncian Olivier Tresca Laura Vassura Oswald Willi julien Fuchs LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Université Observatoire de ParisUniversité PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance INRS-EMT 1650 BoulLionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada Center for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering 30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Université Paris-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUnited Kingdom SUPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institut fur Laser und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universitat DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Realizing the full potential of ultrahigh-intensity lasers for particle and radiation generation will require multi-beam arrangements due to technology ***,we investigate how to optimize their coupling with solid ***,we show that overlapping two intense lasers in a mirror-like configuration onto a solid with a large preplasma can greatly improve the generation of hot electrons at the target front and ion acceleration at the target *** underlying mechanisms are analyzed through multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,revealing that the self-induced magnetic fields driven by the two laser beams at the target front are susceptible to reconnection,which is one possible mechanism to boost electron *** addition,the resistive magnetic field generated during the transport of the hot electrons in the target bulk tends to improve their *** simulations also indicate that such effects can be further enhanced by overlapping more than two laser beams.

关键词： laser acceleration particle

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In-situ probing of thermal desorption of vapor molecules on a nanowire via work function variance

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Nano Research 2016年第11期9卷 3334-3345页

作者： Kovur Prashanthi john Eric Hawk ryan McGee Ravi Gaikwad Thomas Thundat Ingenuity Lab Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2V4 Canada

Nanowire sensors based on variations of their electrical properties show great potential for real-time, in situ monitoring of molecular adsorption and desorption. Although the molecular adsorption-induced change in the electronic work function is very sensitive, it does not have any specificity. However, the temperature dependency of the adsorption-induced work function variation can provide limited selectivity based on the desorption temperature. In this study, we report the in situ probing of molecular desorption by monitoring the work function variations of a single Pt nanowire as a function of temperature. The work function of a clean Pt nanowire shows a significant variation due to vapor adsorption at room temperature. Increasing the temperature of the nanowire results in a variation of the work function due to molecular desorption. Experimentally measured differential work function as a function of temperature shows desorption peaks at 36 and 44 ℃ for methanol and ethanol molecules respectively. Adsorption-induced variation of the Pt nanowire work function was further confirmed using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy before and after exposure to methanol vapor. These results show that the molecular adsorption/desorption-induced variation of the work function and its temperature dependency can be used for developing nanoscale electro-calorimetric sensors.

关键词： Kelvin probe microscopy nanowires thermal desorption work function

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