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Commentary: New Complications Make Treatment of “Opioid” Overdose Challenging

Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2020年第12期11卷 362-372页

作者： john f. Peppin Joseph V. Pergolizzi Jr. Albert Dahan Robert B. Raffa Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine (Clinical Adjunct Professor) Indianapolis IN USA Pikeville University College of Osteopathic Medicine (Clinical Professor) Pikeville KY USA Enalare Therapeutics Inc. Princeton NJ USA Neumentum Inc. Summit NJ USA NEMA Research Inc. Naples FL USA Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands University of Arizona College of Pharmacy (Adjunct Professor) Tucson AZ USA Temple University School of Pharmacy (Professor Emeritus) Philadelphia PA USA

The “opioid crisis” has had a tremendous impact not only on its victims, but also on the practice of medicine, pain patients, and society in general. Unfortunately, efforts to “stem the tide” have not been successful at reducing overdose deaths. Counterbalancing the many ardent efforts to eliminate overdose deaths (such as the current widespread availability and use of opioid-receptor antagonists such as naloxone) is influx of the illicit fentanoids (i.e., fentanyl and analogs). In addition to their high-potency, the fentanoids differ in surprising ways from more “traditional” opioids such as morphine and heroin. This uniqueness contributes to a reduced effectiveness of opioid receptor antagonists in the treatment of opioid overdose. Further greatly complicating overdose treatment is polysubstance abuse (e.g., an opioid plus a benzodiazepine). The non-opioid in the combination is not responsive to an opioid-recep- tor antagonist, which imparts additional challenges. Thus, the new reality introduces complications that negatively impact efforts to reverse “opioid” overdose. New approaches to improve outcomes in individuals who experience font-family:Verdana;">respiratory depression due to fent

关键词： Opioid Overdose fentanoid Naloxone Polysubstance Abuse Respiratory Stimulant

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山柽柳属作为柽柳科中一独立属的ITS序列证据

山柽柳属作为柽柳科中一独立属的ITS序列证据

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中国植物学会七十周年年会

作者：张道远张原 john f.gASKIN 陈之端中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所吐鲁番沙漠植物园中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学重点实验室 Postdoctoral Research Associate USDA-ARS-NPARL PO Box 463 Sidney MT 59270 USA

山柽柳属是根据秀丽水柏枝(Myricaria elegans Royle)建立的。秀丽水柏枝由于具有独特的形态学特征而曾被归为水柏枝属、柽柳属或独立成属-山柽柳属,因而山柽柳属的成立与否存在较多争议。本文对柽柳科10种植物(5种柽柳属植物,3种水柏...

山柽柳属是根据秀丽水柏枝(Myricaria elegans Royle)建立的。秀丽水柏枝由于具有独特的形态学特征而曾被归为水柏枝属、柽柳属或独立成属-山柽柳属,因而山柽柳属的成立与否存在较多争议。本文对柽柳科10种植物(5种柽柳属植物,3种水柏枝属植物,1种琵琶柴属植物及秀丽水柏枝)的核糖体DNA ITS序列片段进行了分析,发现秀丽水柏枝的序列长度、g+C含量、变异位点的数量介于柽柳属和水柏枝属之间,并且秀丽水柏枝与柽柳属和水柏枝属

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Alterations in the function of circulating mononuclear cells derived from patients with Crohn’s disease treated with mastic

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2007年第45期13卷 6031-6036页

作者： Andriana C Kaliora Maria g Stathopoulou john K Triantaf illidis george VZ Dedoussis Nikolaos K Andrikopoulos Department of Science of Dietetics-Nutrition Harokopio University Athens Greece Department of gastroenterology Saint Panteleimon General State Hospital Nicea Athens Greece

AIM: To assess the effects of mastic administration on cytokine production of circulating mononuclear cells of patients with active Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: The study was conducted in patients with established mildly to moderately active CD, attending the outpatient clinics of the hospital, and in healthy controls. Recruited to a 4 wk treatment with mastic caps (6 caps/d, 0.37 g/cap) were 10 patients and 8 controls, all of who successfully completed the protocol. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNf-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIf) and intracellular antioxidant glutathione (gSH) were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) before and after treatment. RESULTS: Treating CD patients with mastic resulted in the reduction of TNf-α secretion (2.1 ± 0.9 ng/mL vs 0.5 ± 0.4 ng/mL, P = 0.028). MIf release was signif icantly increased (1.2 ± 0.4 ng/mL vs 2.5 ± 0.7 ng/mL, P = 0.026) meaning that random migration and chemotaxis of monocytes/macrophages was inhibited. No signifi cant changes were observed in IL-6, MCP-1 and gSH concentrations. CONCLUSION: This study shows that mastic acts as an immunomodulator on PBMC, acting as a TNf-α inhibitor and a MIf stimulator. Although further double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in a large number of patients is required to clarify the role of this natural product, this f inding provides strong evidence that mastic might be an important regulator of immunity in CD.

关键词：谷胱甘肽结肠疾病保守治疗免疫反应

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Effects of Dietary Net Energy Density and Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine: Net Energy Ratio on the Performance and Carcass Characteristic of growing-finishing Pigs fed Low Crude Protein Supplemented with Crystalline Amino Acids Diets

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第4期10卷 602-610页

作者： ZHANg gui-jie YI Xue-wu CHU Li-cui LU Ning Htoo john QIAO Shi-yan State Key Laboratory on Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P. R. China Evonik Degussa gmbH Rodenbacher Chaussee 4 Hanau 63457 Germany

Two 3×3 factorial design trials with 1 080 of Yorkshire×Landrace×Duroc barrows were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary net energy （NE） density and standardized ileal digestible （SID） lysine：NE ratio on the performance of growing- finishing pigs and carcass characteristic of finishing pigs fed low crude protein （CP） supplemented with crystalline amino acids （CAA） diets. Low CP corn-soybean meal basal diets （14% for Exp. 1 and 11% for Exp. 2） supplemented with crystalline lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan were formulated. Nine treatments with increasing NE density and SID lysine：NE ratio were used in each trial （Exp. 1： 9.66, 9.87, and 10.08 MJ kg-1 NE, 0.89, 0.96, and 1.03 g MJ-1 SID lysine： NE; Exp. 2： 9.83, 10.04, and 10.25 MJ kg-1 NE, 0.69, 0.76, and 0.83 g MJ-1 SID lysine：NE）. In Exp. 1, we observed that the average daily gain （ADg） for barrows that received the diet containing 9.87 MJ kg-1 NE was significantly higher than that of barrows fed a 9.66 MJ kg-1 NE diet （P0.05）, but no difference was observed when compared with barrows that received a diet containing 10.08 MJ kg-1 NE （P0.05）. The ADg was affected both linearly （P0.05） and quadratically （P0.05） as the SID lysine：NE ratio increased. The NE density or SID lysine：NE ratio and their interaction had no effect on the average daily feed intake （ADfI） and serum urea nitrogen （SUN）（P0.05）. The feed to gain ratio （f：g） decreased （linearly, P0.05; quadratically, P0.05） as the NE density or SID lysine：NE ratio increased, but no interaction of NE density and SID lysine： NE ratio on the f：g. In Exp. 2, the dietary NE density both linearly （P0.05） and quadratically （P0.05） affected the ADg and f：g. Barrows that received a diet containing 10.04 MJ kg-1 NE had a greater ADg （P0.05） than barrows that received a 9.83 MJ kg-1 diet, but there was no difference （P0.05） as compared with barrows that received a diet containing 10.25 MJ kg-1 NE. f：g was significantly higher （P0.05） for barrows that re

关键词： pig lysine net energy growth performance carcass characteristic

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Triterpenoid inducers of Nrf2 signaling as potential therapeutic agents in sickle cell disease： a review

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frontiers of Medicine 2015年第1期9卷 46-56页

作者： Amma Owusu-Ansah Sung Hee Choi Agne Petrosiute john J. Letterio Alex Yee-Chen Huang Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Department of Pediatrics Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland OH 44106 USA The Angie fowler Adolescent & Young Adult Cancer Institute at University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children 's Hospital Cleveland OH 44106 USA

Sickle cell disease （SCD） is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin in which the abnormal hemoglobin S polymerizes when deoxygenated. This polymerization of hemoglobin S not only results in hemolysis and vaso- occlusion but also precipitates inflammation, oxidative stress and chronic organ dysfunction. Oxidative stress is increasingly recognized as an important intermediate in these pathophysiological processes and is therefore an important target for therapeutic intervention. The transcription factor nuclear erythroid derived- 2 related factor 2 （Nrf2） controls the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes and is emerging as a protein whose function can be exploited with therapeutic intent. This review article is focused on triterpenoids that activate Nrf2, and their potential for reducing oxidative stress in SCD as an approach to prevent organ dysfunction associated with this disease. A brief overview of oxidative stress in the clinical context of SCD is accompanied by a discussion of several pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to oxidative stress. finally, these mechanisms are then related to current management strategies in SCD that are either utilized currently or under evaluation. The article concludes with a perspective on the potential of the various therapeutic interventions to reduce oxidative stress and morbidity associated with SCD.

关键词： oxidative stress Nrf2 triterpenoids sickle cell disease vaso-occlusion CDDO-Me

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formation of Stable Interphase of Polymer-in-Salt Electrolyte in All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries

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Energy Material Advances 2021年第1期2021卷 384-393页

作者： Hongcai gao Nicholas S.grundish Yongjie Zhao Aijun Zhou john B.goodenough Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustin Texas 78712USA

The integration of solid-polymer electrolytes into all-solid-state lithium batteries is highly desirable to overcome the limitations of current battery configurations that have a low energy density and severe safety *** is an appealing matrix for solid-polymer electrolytes;however,the practical utilization of such polymer electrolytes in all-solid-state cells is impeded by inferior ionic conductivity and instability against a lithium-metal *** this work,we show that a polymer-in-salt electrolyte based on polyacrylonitrile with a lithium salt as the major component exhibits a wide electrochemically stable window,a high ionic conductivity,and an increased lithium-ion transference *** growth of dendrites from the lithium-metal anode was suppressed effectively by the polymer-in-salt electrolyte to increase the safety features of the *** addition,we found that a stable interphase was formed between the lithium-metal anode and the polymer-in-salt electrolyte to restrain the uncontrolled parasitic reactions,and we demonstrated an all-solid-state battery configuration with a LifePO4 cathode and the polymer-in-salt electrolyte,which exhibited a superior cycling stability and rate capability.

关键词： battery lithium electrolyte

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Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Elective Hysterectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Outcomes Trial of Aprepitant NK-1-Receptor Antagonist

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2014年第12期4卷 301-307页

作者： Jaime B. Long Luisa galdi Joseph g. Hentz john B. Leslie Paul M. Magtibay Rosanne M. C. Kho Jeffrey L. Cornella Javier f. Magrina Department of Obstetrics and gynecology at Reading Health System West Reading USA Department of Biostatistics Mayo Clinic Scottsdale USA Department of Anesthesiology Mayo Clinic Scottsdale USA Department of gynecologic Surgery Mayo Clinic Scottsdale USA

Objectives: Current prophylactic interventions fail to completely eliminate postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) for a substantial number of patients. A new antiemetic (aprepitant) has been effective in preventing chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). We hypothesized that adding aprepitant to our current prophylactic regimen of dexamethasone and ondansetron would reduce the incidence of PONV in our elective hysterectomy population. Methods: 256 patients undergoing elective hysterectomy were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled trial. Subjects received either oral aprepitant 40 mg or oral placebo 30 minutes prior to induction of standardized anesthesia. The primary outcome was vomiting within the first 24 hours after surgery. Postoperative nausea, vomiting, and use of rescue antiemetics were documented over a 24 h period. Additionally, adverse events, hospitalization days, and readmissions for PONV were compared. Results: There was a trend towards reduction of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the aprepitant group. Nausea and vomiting were noted for 24% and 17% of women in the aprepitant group versus 38% and 29% of women in the Placebo group, respectively. Supplemental antiemetic medication was used by 42% of women in the aprepitant group versus 60% of women in the Placebo group. No adverse events were substantially more common in the aprepitant group than the Placebo group. Conclusions: Preemptive use of aprepitant prior to elective hysterectomy may reduce the incidence of PONV and diminish the need for rescue antiemetics postoperatively. further studies with larger power are needed to confirm the trends observed in this study.

关键词： Hysterectomy Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Aprepitant

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哺乳动物的嗅觉通讯

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中国科技纵横 2018年第3期 217-225页

作者：黄大明张雪妍王瑜琪陈实 john f.Eisenberg Devra g.Kleiman 清华大学生命学院生态学实验室北京100084 美国史密斯研究所国家动物园 Washington D.C.20560 US

嗅觉通讯作为化学通讯的一种,是由假定发送者生成化学信号,并将其传给相应假定接收者的过程.在哺乳动物中,假定发送者可将粪便、尿液和腺体分泌物的气味作为化学信号.它们将这些物质以不同的方式传播:沉积在某处或借助空气扩散.气味中... 详细信息

嗅觉通讯作为化学通讯的一种,是由假定发送者生成化学信号,并将其传给相应假定接收者的过程.在哺乳动物中,假定发送者可将粪便、尿液和腺体分泌物的气味作为化学信号.它们将这些物质以不同的方式传播:沉积在某处或借助空气扩散.气味中包含了众多信息,如:物种和种族身份、性别和生殖状态、年龄、情绪等,实际接收到的信息则取决于接收者本身的状态.化学物质产生的嗅觉刺激可分为两类:释放者或起始物,前者将立刻引起反应,后者的作用时间稍有延迟.同一物质可同时承担两个角色.假定接收者具备能够识别、整合并从行为上或生理上回应这些信号的受体.部分哺乳动物还有特化的器官--犁鼻器来担负这一功能.动物有多种进行气味标记的行为,但嗅觉通讯的本质并非特殊行为,而是分泌物的释放和沉积.将气味物质行为的动机与气味功能联系在一起,得出结论--气味标记是交换信息的方式.它指导个体的行为,整合社会和繁殖.

关键词：化学通讯嗅觉嗅觉通讯哺乳动物信息素种间信息素标记行为社会行为繁殖行为

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Search for the rare decays W^(+)→D_(s)^(+)γ and Z→D^(0)γ at LHCb

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中国物理C:英文版 2023年第9期47卷 14-26页

作者： R.Aaij A.S.W.Abdelmotteleb C.Abellan Beteta f.Abudinén T.Ackernley B.Adeva M.Adinolfi P.Adlarson H.Afsharnia C.Agapopoulou C.A.Aidala Z.Ajaltouni S.Akar K.Akiba J.Albrecht f.Alessio M.Alexander A.Alfonso Albero Z.Aliouche P.Alvarez Cartelle R.Amalric S.Amato J.L.Amey Y.Amhis L.An L.Anderlini M.Andersson A.Andreianov M.Andreotti D.Andreou D.Ao f.Archilli A.Artamonov M.Artuso E.Aslanides M.Atzeni B.Audurier S.Bachmann M.Bachmayer J.J.Back A.Bailly-reyre P.Baladron Rodriguez V.Balagura W.Baldini J.Baptista de Souza Leite M.Barbetti R.J.Barlow S.Barsuk W.Barter M.Bartolini f.Baryshnikov J.M.Basels g.Bassi B.Batsukh A.Battig A.Bay A.Beck M.Becker f.Bedeschi I.B.Bediaga A.Beiter V.Belavin S.Belin V.Bellee K.Belous I.Belov I.Belyaev g.Benane g.Bencivenni E.Ben-Haim A.Berezhnoy *** *** Andres D.Berninghoff H.C.Bernstein C.Bertella A.Bertolin C.Betancourt f.Betti Ia.Bezshyiko S.Bhasin J.Bhom L.Bian M.S.Bieker N.V.Biesuz S.Bifani P.Billoir A.Biolchini M.Birch f.C.R.Bishop A.Bitadze A.Bizzeti M.P.Blago T.Blake f.Blanc J.E.Blank S.Blusk D.Bobulska J.A.Boelhauve O.Boente garcia T.Boettcher A.Boldyrev C.S.Bolognani R.Bolzonella N.Bondar f.Borgato S.Borghi M.Borsato J.T.Borsuk S.A.Bouchiba T.J.V.Bowcock A.Boyer C.Bozzi M.J.Bradley S.Braun A.Brea Rodriguez J.Brodzicka A.Brossa gonzalo J.Brown D.Brundu A.Buonaura L.Buonincontri A.T.Burke C.Burr A.Bursche A.Butkevich J.S.Butter J.Buytaert W.Byczynski S.Cadeddu H.Cai R.Calabrese L.Calefice S.Cali R.Calladine M.Calvi M.Calvo gomez P.Campana D.H.Campora Perez A.f.Campoverde Quezada S.Capelli L.Capriotti A.Carbone g.Carboni R.Cardinale A.Cardini P.Carniti L.Carus A.Casais Vidal R.Caspary g.Casse M.Cattaneo g.Cavallero V.Cavallini S.Celani J.Cerasoli D.Cervenkov A.J.Chadwick M.g.Chapman M.Charles Ph.Charpentier C.A.Chavez Barajas M.Chefdeville C.Chen S.Chen A.Chernov S.Chernyshenko V.Chobanova S.Cholak M.Chrzaszcz A.Chubykin V.Chulikov P.Ciambrone M.f.Cicala X.Cid Vidal g.Ciezarek g.Ciullo P.E.L.Clarke M.Clemencic H.V.Cliff J.Closier J.L.Cobbledick V.Coco J.A.B.Coelho J.Cogan E.Cognera Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas físicas(CBPf) Rio de JaneiroBrazil Universidade federal do Rio de Janeiro(UfRJ) Rio de JaneiroBrazil Center for High Energy Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Institute Of High Energy Physics(IHEP) BeijingChina School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Institute of Particle Physics Central China Normal UniversityWuhanHubeiChina Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRSIN2P3-LAPPAnnecyFrance UniversitéClermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3LPCClermont-FerrandFrance Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3CPPMMarseilleFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3IJCLabOrsayFrance Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet CNRS/IN2P3Ecole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance LPNHE Sorbonne UniversitéParis Diderot Sorbonne Paris CitéCNRS/IN2P3ParisFrance I.Physikalisches Institut RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany fakultat Physik Technische Universitat DortmundDortmundGermany Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik(MPIK) HeidelbergGermany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany School of Physics University College DublinDublinIreland INfN Sezione di Bari BariItaly INfN Sezione di Bologna BolognaItaly INfN Sezione di ferrara FerraraItaly INfN Sezione di firenze FirenzeItaly INfN Laboratori Nazionali di frascati FrascatiItaly INfN Sezione di genova GenovaItaly INfN Sezione di Milano MilanoItaly INfN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca MilanoItaly INfN Sezione di Cagliari MonserratoItaly Universitàdegli Studi di Padova Universitàe INFNPadovaPadovaItaly INfN Sezione di Pisa PisaItaly INfN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza RomaItaly INfN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata RomaItaly Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics AmsterdamNetherlands Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam AmsterdamNetherlands AgH-University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Scienc

A search for the rare decays W^(+)→D_(s)^(+)γ and Z→D0γis performed using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV,corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.0fb−*** significant signal is observed for either decay mode and upper limits on their branching fractions are set using W^(+)→D_(s)^(+)γ and Z→μ+μ−decays as normalization *** upper limits are 6.5×10^(−4) and 2.1×10^(−3) at 95% confidence level for the W^(+)→D_(s)^(+)γ and Z→D^(0)γ decay modes,*** is the first reported search for the Z→D^(0)γ decay,while the upper limit on the W+→D+sγbranching fraction improves upon the previous best limit.

关键词： W/Z boson rare decay upper limit of branching fraction

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Juicy Stories on female Reproductive Tissue Development: Coordinating the Hormone flows

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第9期55卷 847-863页

作者： Veronica A.grieneisen Athanasius f.M.Marée Lars φstergaard Computational and Systems Biology John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkNorwich NR4 7UH UK Crop genetics John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkNorwich NR4 7UH UK

In the past 20-30 years, developmental biologists have made tremendous progress in identifying genes required for the specifica-tion of individual cell types of an organ and in describing how they interact in genetic networks. In comparison, very little is known about the mechanisms that regulate tissue polarity and overall organ patterning. gynoecia and fruits from members of the Brassicaceae family of flowering plants provide excellent model systems to study organ patterning and tissue specification because they become partitioned into distinct domains whose formation is determined by polarity establishment both at a cellular and whole tissue level. Interactions among key regulators of Arabidopsis gynoecium and fruit development have revealed a network of upstream transcription factor activities required for such tissue differentiation. Regulation of the plant hormone auxin is emerging as both an immediate downstream output and input of these activities, and here we aim to provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding the link between auxin and female reproductive development in plants. In this review, we will also demonstrate how available data can be exploited in a mathematical modeling approach to reveal and understand the feedback regulatory circuits that underpin the polarity establishment, necessary to guide auxin flows.

关键词： Auxin dynamics brassicaceae cell and tissue polarity fruit gynoecium mathematical modelling organ patterning ROPs wavepinning

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