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Processes Governing the Retention of.Phosphorus and Nitrogen in Nyashishi Wetland

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Open Journal of.Ecology 2014年第3期4卷 124-134页

作者： Baraka C. Sekadende john f. machiwa f.edrick f. Mwanuzi College of.Engineering Science and Technology Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tanzania f.sheries Research Institute Kigoma Tanzania University of.Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania

One of.the important f.nctions of.the wetland is the retention of.catchment nutrients and improving lacustrine water quality. This study analyzed how much nutrients were retained in the Nyashishi wetland, southern part of.Lake Victoria, and went f.rther to analyze the processes which were responsible in the reduction of.nutrients. Three major processes were analysed in this study, namely nutrients uptake by three macrophyte species (Eichhornia crassipes, Cyperus papyrus and Typha domingensis) dominating the Nyashishi wetland, nitrif.cation and denitrif.cation processes. The study demonstrated high nutrients retention especially phosphorus nutrients of.which up to 98% were retained. In some occasions, particularly f.r nitrogen nutrients, there was 0% retention especially during wet season. In some other instances, the inf.ow exceeded the outf.ow meaning that, more nutrients were generated by the wetland itself. Among the three processes analyzed, nutrients uptaken by macrophytes were more ef.icient in reducing nutrients in wetland water. Biological nitrif.cation and denitrif.cation which are believed to be the major pathway f.r ammonia removal in both natural and constructed wetlands were less important in this study. Among the macrophyte species, Eichhornia crassipes demonstrated higher uptake rate than the other two species possibly due to its high turnover rate. This ability can be exploited in removing excess nutrients f.om runof. by f.equent harvesting of.the mature plants.

关键词： Phosphorus Nitrogen Nitrif.cation Denitrif.cation Nutrients Uptake

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided portal pressure gradient identif.es patients with previously undiagnosed clinically signif.cant portal hypertension

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Portal Hypertension & Cirrhosis 2024年第2期3卷 67-74页

作者： Jerome C.Edelson Scott f.D.Edelson john G.Quiles Cyrus V.Edelson Eric M.Montminy Christian L.Horn john P.Magulick Don C.Rockey Department of.Gastroenterology and Hepatology Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA Department of.Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA Department of.Medicine Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA john H.Stroger Jr.Hospital of.Cook County ChicagoIllinoisUSA Digestive Disease Research Center Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Aims:Portal hypertension(PH)is a complication of.cirrhosis that leads to hepatic *** the portal pressure gradient(PPG)provides valuable inf.rmation f.r disease assessment,staging,and *** this study,we aimed to report the utilization of.endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided PPG(EUS-PPG)measurements in a real-world ***:This retrospective analysis included patients at a tertiary care center who underwent EUS-PPG between f.bruary 2021 and May *** most common indication was to establish or exclude the diagnosis of.cirrhosis,f.llowed by an assessment of.surgical risk in the setting of.suspected *** demographic and clinical data were collected,and statistical analysis was perf.rmed using the Student's t ***:Eighteen patients underwent *** success was achieved in 17 of.the 18 *** complications were *** mean scores of.Child-Pugh,Model f.r End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium,and f.brosis-4 scores were 5.1±0.5,9.0±3.0,and 3.7±4.5,*** the 18 patients,two presented with esophageal varices and six with portal hypertensive *** mean PPG was 5.8±4.5 mmHg,and f.ve patients exhibited clinically signif.cant PH(CSPH).Of.the 18 patients,15 underwent concurrent EUS-liver biopsy,which was 100%successf.l and provided diagnostic histology f.r all *** PPG data led to changes in the clinical management of.17 ***:EUS-PPG is saf. and technically *** Child-Pugh score did not correlate well with the presence of.CSPH;however,PPG measurements resulted in changes in the management of.almost all *** studies correlating EUS-PPG with other assessments of.liver diseases are required.

关键词： EUS portal hypertension portal pressure gradient

Artif.cial light at night(ALAN) pollution alters bat lunar chronobiology:insights f.om broad-scale long-term acoustic monitoring

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 176-187页

作者： Han Li Pauline Allen Saige Boris Samantha Lagrama Jade Lyons Christina Mills Pauline Moussi Casey Nichols Carter Tacosik Mc Kenzie Tsaousis Nyzaya Livingston Wilson john f.Grider Kevin A.Parker Matina C.Kalcounis-Rueppell Department of.Biology University of Nebraska Omaha Department of.Biology University of North Carolina Greensboro Colorado Parks and Wild-lif. Parker Ecology LLC Department of.Biological Sciences University of Alberta

Background The timing of.behavior and habitat use of.nocturnal animals can be inf.uenced by the lunar cycle in nature. The prevalence of.artif.cial light at night(ALAN) has been recognized as a source of.environmental pol-lution. The interaction between ALAN and the lunar cycle on bat behavior is important f.r understanding anthro-pogenic ef.ects on bats. We utilized a decade(2012–2022) of.acoustic monitoring data collected in North Carolina, United States, to investigate the relationship between bat activity, lunar cycle, and light pollution. We examined whether the amount of.lunar illumination af.ected species-specif.c nightly activity and whether hourly bat activity patterns varied between nights with dif.erent moon phases. We f.rther investigated if.the relationship between bat activity and the lunar cycle might be altered by light *** We f.und that seven bat species showed activity variation across nights in relation to the amount of.moon illumination when ALAN was absent. In general, bats were less active on f.ll moon nights compared to new moon nights. Light pollution interacted with the bat–lunar relationship in f.ve of.the seven species, masking the ef.ect of.the lunar cycle. We identif.ed delayed bat activity patterns on nights with a f.ll or waxing moon in seven species, and light pollution altered that pattern in f.ur species. Overall, ALAN was associated with decreased bat activity inde-pendent of.lunar cycle *** Our study demonstrated that at a broad spatial scale, ALAN negatively af.ected many North American temperate bat species and altered their lunar chronobiology. As light pollution is spreading to historically dark areas and habitats, ALAN might couple with other threats, such as the white-nose syndrome or climate change, to cause cascading damage in the environment that depends on ecosystem services such as pest control provided by bats. We argue that f.rther research and conservation actions are needed to mitigate

关键词： Artif.cial light at night ALAN Bats Chiroptera Chronobiology Light pollution Lunar cycle Moonlight

What diameter?What height?Inf.uence of.measures of.average tree size on area-based allometric volume relationships

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f.rest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 100-109页

作者： Yilin Wang john A.Kershaw Mark J.Ducey Yuan Sun James B.McCarter Integrated f.rest Mensuration and Systems Analysis Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Environmental ManagementUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNBCanada Department of.Natural Resources and the Environment University of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA College of.f.restry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Scientif.c Programmer RayonierYuleeFLUSA

Volume is an important attribute used in many f.rest management *** f.om 83 f.xed-area plots located in central New Brunswick,Canada,are used to examine how dif.erent measures of.stand-level diameter and height inf.uence volume prediction using a stand-level variant of.Honer's(1967)volume *** density was included in the models(Volume=f.Diameter,Height,Density))choice of.diameter measure was more important than choice of.height *** density was not included(Volume=f.Diameter,Height)),the opposite was *** models with density included,moment-based estimators of.stand diameter and height perf.rmed better than all other *** models without density,largest tree estimators of.stand diameter and height perf.rmed better than other *** overall best equation used quadratic mean diameter,Lorey's height,and density(root mean square error=5.26 m^3·ha^(-1);1.9%relative error).The best equation without density used mean diameter of.the largest trees needed to calculate a stand density index of.400 and the mean height of.the tallest 400 trees per ha(root mean square error=32.08 m^(3)·ha^(-1);11.8%relative error).The results of.this study have some important implications f.r height subsampling and LiDAR-derived f.rest inventory analyses.

关键词： Allometric relationships Stand structure Volume estimation Stand-level attributes

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Orbits inside f.tou sets

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： john Erik f.RN?SS Mi HU Department of.Mathematical Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of.Mathematics University of Oslo Department of.Mathematical Physical and Computer Sciences University of Parma

In this paper,we investigate the precise behavior of.orbits inside attracting basins of.rational f.nctions on P1and entire f.nctions f.in *** R（z） be a rational f.nction on P1,A（p） be the basin of.attraction of.an attracting f.xed point p of.R,and?i（i=1,2,···） be the connected components of.A（p）.Assume?1contains *** p0∈?1close to *** there exists a constant C so that f.r any z0∈?i,there is a point q∈∪kR-k（p0）,k≥0 so that the Kobayashi distance d?i（z0,q）≤*** entire f.nctions f.we generally can not have similar results as f.r rational ***,if.f.has f.nitely many critical points,then similar results hold.

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Ef.ect of.cinnamaldehyde on Rhizopus stolonif.r and on the conservation of.sweet potato

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f.od Quality and Saf.ty 2024年第1期8卷 212-225页

作者：陈晨薛智超 Penta Pristijono john B.Golding 陈刚李永新杨虎清 College of.f.od and Health Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of.Resources Protection and Innovation of.Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina School of.Environmental and Lif. Sciences University of NewcastleOurimbahNSWAustralia NSW Department of.Primary Industries OurimbahNSWAustralia

Objectives:Rhizopus stolonif.r,which causes sof. rot of.sweet potato,has resulted in substantial loss of.economy *** and Methods:The antif.ngal ef.ect and mechanism of.cinnamaldehyde(CIN)against *** were explored by biochemical analysis and RNA-sequencing in this research,and the edible quality of.CIN-treated sweet potato was ***:The results showed that CIN inhibited the growth of.*** and reduced the incidence of.sof. rot in sweet potato at a minimum inhibitory concentration of.1000μL/*** damage of.the cell walls of.*** by CIN was associated with the upregulation of.*** leakage and malondialdehyde content increased f.llowing CIN-treatment,which was correlated with increased reactive oxygen species levels and decreased catalase *** of.ERG genes and oxidative stress-related genes f.llowing CIN treatment was associated with impaired cell membrane *** mitochondrial structure of.*** was damaged by CIN treatment resulting in decreased respiration rates and ATP production,which was correlated with lower expression levels of.IDH1,COX4,and ***:Our research suggests that the inhibition of.CIN on *** was related to the disruption of.its normal gene expression network,and CIN maintained the nutritional and edible quality of.sweet *** study provides valuable insights into the antif.ngal mechanism of.CIN on *** and the maintenance of.root quality,which contributes to the ef.cient use of.CIN f.r controlling sof. rot in sweet potato.

关键词： Ipomoea batatas sof. rot cinnamaldehyde antif.ngal mechanism transcriptome

New markers of.f.brosis in hepatitis C:A step towards the Holy Grail?

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World Journal of.Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 112-114页

作者： Konstantinos john Dabos Department of.Hepatology St Hohn's HospitalLivingston EH546PPWest LothianUnited Kingdom

In the present issue of.the World Journal of.Hepatology,f.rrassi et al examine the problem of.liver f.brosis staging in chronic hepatitis *** identif. novel biomarkers in an ef.ort to predict accurate f.brosis staging with the aid of.the metabolome of.Hepatitis C *** I think f.rrassi et al took a dif.erent approach in identif.ing f.brosis biomarkers,by looking at the patients’*** biomarkers clearly separate patients f.om *** can also separate out,patients with minimal f.brosis(f.-f. stage)and patients with cirrhosis(f. stage).Obviously,if.these biomarkers were to be widely used,tests f.r all the important metabolites would need to be readily available f.r use in hospitals or outpatient setting and that may prove dif.icult and above all,***,this step could eventually lead to a metabolomic approach f.r novel biomarkers of.***,it would need to be validated,but could represent a step towards the Holy Grail of.Hepatology.

关键词： Hepatitis C metabolomics f.brosis Non invasive markers Metavir

Assessment of.the perf.rmance of.the TOPGNSS and ANN-MB antennas f.r ionospheric measurements using low-cost u-blox GNSS receivers

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 291-301页

作者： Daniel Okoh Aderonke Obaf.ye Oluwakemi Dare-Idowu Babatunde Rabiu Anton Kashcheyev Claudio Cesaroni john Bosco Habarulema Bruno Nava United Nations Af.ican Regional Centre f.r Space Science and Technology Education-English(UN-ARCSSTE-E) Obafemi Awolowo University CampusIle IfeNigeria National Institute f.r Geophysics and Volcanology(INGV) 00143 RomeItaly Institute f.r Space Science and Engineering African University of Science and TechnologyAbujaNigeria University of.New Brunswick FrederictonCanada South Af.ican National Space Agency(SANSA) P.O Box 32Hermanus 7200South Africa Department of.Physics and Electronics Rhodes University6140 MakhandaSouth Africa The Abdus Salam International Centre f.r Theoretical Physics Strada Costiera11I-34151 TriesteItaly

Low-cost GNSS receivers have recently been gaining reliability as good candidates f.r ionospheric studies. In line with these gains are genuine concerns about improving the perf.rmance of.these receivers. In this work, we present a comprehensive investigation of.the perf.rmances of.two antennas(the u-blox ANN-MB and the TOPGNSS TOP-106) used on a low-cost GNSS receiver known as the u-blox ZED-f.P. The two antennas were installed on two identical and co-located u-blox receivers. Data used f.om both receivers cover the period f.om January to June 2022. Results f.om the study indicate that the signal strengths are dominantly greater f.r the receiver with the TOPGNSS antenna than f.r the receiver with the ANN-MB antenna, implying that the TOPGNSS antenna is better than the ANN-MB antenna in terms of.providing greater signal strengths. Summarily, the TOPGNSS antenna also perf.rmed better in minimizing the occurrence of.cycle slips on phase TEC measurements. There are no conspicuous dif.erences between the variances(computed as 5-min standard deviations) of.phase TEC measurements f.r the two antennas, except f.r a period around May-June when the TOPGNSS gave a better perf.rmance in terms of.minimizing the variances in phase TEC. Remarkably, the ANN-MB antenna gave a better perf.rmance than the TOPGNSS antenna in terms of.minimizing the variances in pseudorange TEC f.r some satellite observations. f.r precise horizontal(North and East) positioning, the receiver with the TOPGNSS antenna gave better results, while the receiver with the ANN-MB antenna gave better vertical(Up) positioning. The errors f.r the receivers of.both antennas are typically within about 5 m(the monthly mean was usually smaller than 1 m) in the horizontal direction and within about 10 m(the monthly mean was usually smaller than 4 m) in the vertical direction.

关键词： GNSS Ionosphere Low-cost Antenna TOPGNSS U-blox

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The risk of.prostate cancer on incidental f.nding of.an avid prostate uptake on 2-deoxy-2-[^(18)f.f.uoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography f.r non-prostate cancer-related pathology:A single centre retrospective study

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Asian Journal of.Urology 2024年第1期11卷 33-41页

作者： Anthony f.anklin Troy Gianduzzo Boon Kua David Wong Louise McEwan James Walters Rachel Esler Matthew J.Roberts Geof. Coughlina john W.Yaxley Department of.Urology The Wesley HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia Wesley Medical Research BrisbaneQLDAustralia School of.Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of.Radiology Wesley Medical ImagingBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of.Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Objective:To review the risk of.prostate cancer(PCa)in men with incidentally reported increased intraprostatic uptake at 2-deoxy-2-[18f.f.uoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18f.f.G PET/CT)ordered at Department of.Urology,The Wesley Hospital,Brisbane,QLD,Australia f.r non-PCa related ***:Retrospective analysis of.consecutive men between August 2014 and August 2019 presenting to a single institution f.r 18f.f.G PET/CT f.r non-prostate related conditions was *** were classif.ed as benign,indeterminate,or malignant depending of.the results of.prostate-specif.c antigen(PSA),PSA velocity,biopsy histopathology,and three-Tesla(3 T)multiparametric MRI(mpMRI)Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score,or gallium-68-prostate-specif.c membrane antigen(68Ga-PSMA)PET/CT ***:Three percent(273/9122)of.men demonstrated 18f.f.G avidity within the ***-f.ve percent(231/273)were f.rther investigated,including with PSA tests(227/231,98.3%),3 T mpMRI(68/231,29.4%),68Ga-PSMA PET/CT(33/231,14.3%),and prostate biopsy(57/231,24.7%).Results were considered benign in 130/231(56.3%),indeterminate in 31/231(13.4%),and malignant in 70/231(30.3%).PCa was identif.ed in 51/57(89.5%)of.the men who proceeded to biopsy,including 26/27(96.3%)men with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 4-5 mpMRI and six men with a positive 68Ga-PSMA PET/*** most common Gleason score on biopsy was greater than or equal to 4+5(14/51,27.5%).68Ga-PSMA PET/CT was concordant with the 18f.f.G f.ndings in 26/33(78.8%).All 13 men with a positive concordant 18f.f.G,3 T mpMRI,and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT had PCa on *** was no statistically signif.cant dif.erence in the 18f.f.G maximum standardized uptake value between the benign or malignant groups(5.7 vs.6.1;p=0.580).Conclusion:In this study,af.er an incidental f.nding of.an avid intraprostatic lesion on 18f.f.G PET/CT,70 of.the 231 cases(30.3%;0.8%of.the entire cohort)had results c

关键词： Prostatecancer Positionemission tomography Multiparametric magneticresonance imaging Prostatebiopsy