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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 508-509页

作者： Timothy J.Kopper john c.Gensel Spinal cord and Brain Injury Research center Department of PhysiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

Spinal cord injury(ScI)induces a robust inflammatory response largely mediated by resident microglia and infiltrating macrophages across the blood-brain *** these cell populations are capable of promoting repair and regenerative responses,in the days and weeks after ScI they predominately adopt pro-inflammatory profiles known to inhibit recovery and potentiate secondary injury pathways.

关键词： protective injury therapeutic

What are extreme environmental conditions and how do organisms cope with them？

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current Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 363-374页

作者： john c. WINGFIELD J. Patrick KELLEY Frederic ANGELIER Department of Neurobiology Physiology and Behavior University of California One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 U.S.A

Severe environmental conditions affect organisms in two major ways. The environment may be predictably severe such as in deserts, polar and alpine regions, or individuals may be exposed to temporarily extreme conditions through weather, presence of predators, lack of food, social status etc. Existence in an extreme environment may be possible, but then to breed or molt in addition can present major bottlenecks that have resulted in the evolution of hormone-behavior adaptations to cope with unpredictable events. Examples of hormone-behavior adaptations in extreme conditions include attenuated testosterone secretion because territoriality and excess courtship may be too costly when there is one opportunity to reproduce. The individual may even become insensitive to testosterone when target areas of the brain regulating reproductive behavior no longer respond to the hormone. A second example is reduced sensitivity to glucocorticoids following acute stress during the breeding season or molt that allows successful reproduction and/or a vital renewal of the integument to endure extreme conditions during the rest of the year. Reduced sensitivity could involve：（a） modulated response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, （b） reduced sensitivity to high glucocorticoid levels, or （c） a combination of （a） and （b）. Moreover, corticosteroid binding proteins （cBP） buffer responses to stress by reducing the movement of glucocorticoids into target cells. Finally, intracellular enzymes （11 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and variants） can deactivate glucocorticoids entering cells thus reducing interaction with receptors. These mechanisms have important implications for climate change and increasing extremes of weather [current Zoology 57 （3）： 363-374, 2011].

关键词： Extreme environment Habitat configuration Glucocorticoids Stress response corticosteroid-binding proteins Behavior

Biomass torrefaction in a slot-rectangular spouted bed reactor

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 154-162页

作者： Ziliang Wang c. Jim Lim john R. Grace Department of chemical and Biological Engineering. University of British columbia Vancouver. Canada

Sawdust was subjected to torrefaction in a "semi-batch" slot-rectangular spouted bed (SRSB) reactor at temperatures from 240 to 330℃ and biomass feed rates from 220 to 710g/*** spouting of the sawdust was achieved in the slot-rectangular spouted bed,although the pressure drop across the reactor was observed to *** to the biomass feed rate,the temperature had a greater effect on the biomass weight loss and energy *** in temperature were found to promote weight loss of the sawdust while decreasing the energy *** main solid product was the torrefied sawdust,which remained in the SRSB reactor and was captured by a *** ratio of the torrefied biomass removed by the cyclone to the total torrefied biomass increased along with both the feed rate and *** undergoing torrefaction,6.7%-39.2% of the original sawdust mass was lost while 67.4%-98.7% of its energy was *** torrefied sawdust had a higher carbon content but less oxygen,hydrogen and volatiles,along with a greater higher heating value and increased density compared to the raw *** size of the sawdust particles also decreased markedly during the torrefaction process.

关键词： Torrefaction Slot-rectangular spouted bed reactor Temperature Biomass feed rate Torrefied sawdust property

Fifty Years of Water Sensitive Urban Design, Salisbury, South Australia

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 63-72页

作者： john c. Radcliffe Declan Page Bruce Naumann Peter Dillon cSIRO Land and Water Private Bag 2 Glen Osmond South Australia 5064 Australia city of Salisbury 12 James St Salisbury South Australia 5108 Australia

Australia has developed extensive policies and guidelines for the management of its water. The city of Salisbury, located within metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia, developed rapidly through urbanisation from the 1970s. Water sensitive urban design principles were adopted to maximise the use of the increased rim-off generated by urbanisation and ameliorate flood risk. Managed aquifer recharge was introduced for storing remediated low-salinity stormwater by aquifer storage and recovery （ASR） in a brackish aquiter for subsequent lrngatlon. Ibis paper outlines now a municipal government has progressively adopted principles of Water Sensitive Urban Design during its development within a framework of evolving national water policies. Salisbury＇s success with stormwater harvesting led to the formation of a pioneering w aterbusiness that includes linking projects from nine sites to provide a non-potable supply of 5 ×10^6 m^3 year. These installations hosted a number of applied research projects addressing well configuration, water quality, reliability and economics and facilitated the evaluation of its system as a potential potable water source. The evaluation showed that while untreated stonnwater contained contaminants, subsurface storage and end-use controls were sufficient to make recovered water sale for public open space irrigation, and with chlorination acceptable lbr third pipe supplies. Drinking water quality could be achieved by adding microfiltration, disinfection with UV and chlorination. The costs that would need to be expended to achieve drinking water safety standards were found to be considerably less than the cost of establishing dual pipe distribution systems. The full cost of supply was determined to be AUD$1.57 m ＂ for non-potable water for pubhc open space lrngatlon much cheaper than mares water, AUD $3.45 m at that time. Producing and storing potable water was found to cost AUDS1.96 to $2.24 m .

关键词： Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) Stormwater harvesting Water recycling drinking water Low impact development Water sensitive urban design

Mass balance-based regression modeling of cd and Zn accumulation in urban soils of Beijing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 99-106页

作者： chi Peng Meie Wang Weiping chen Andrew c.chang john c.crittenden State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Environmental Sciences University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92522USA Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems Hightower Chair and Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar in Environmental TechnologiesCA 30332USA

Accumulation of heavy metals in urban soil can pose adverse impacts on public health and terrestrial ecosystems. We developed a mass balance-based regression model to simulate the heavy metal accumulation in urban soils as a function of time and to explore connections between metal concentration and urbanization processes. concentrations of cd and Zn in 68 residential soil samples in the urban area of Beijing were used. The background concentrations, the loss rates and the input fluxes of cd and Zn in urban soils of Beijing during the last three decades were estimated using a regression of the time series of accumulations of the metals. Based on the regression estimates, we simulated the general trends of cd and Zn accumulation in the soils from 1978 to 2078. The concentrations of cd and Zn in urban soil generally increased with the population growth, vehicle use and coal consumption. The mean concentrations of cd and Zn in urban soil of Beijing would increase by 3 fold over the next 70 years for the current development scenario. The mass balance-based regression approach, which is able to reconstruct the history data of urban soil pollution, provides fundamental information for urban planning and environmental management.

关键词： Heavy metalsMass balance modelUrbanizationTrading space for timeRisk predictionSoil pollution

Rapid Identification of Rice Samples Using an Electronic Nose

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2009年第3期6卷 290-297页

作者： john Westbrook W.c.Hoffmann R.E.Lacey USDA-ARS College Station Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station

Four rice samples of long grain type were tested using an electronic nose (cyranose-320).Samples of 5 g of each variety of rice were placed individually in vials and were analyzed with the electronic nose unit consisting of 32 polymer *** cyranose-320 was able to differentiate between varieties of *** chemical composition of the rice odors for differentiating rice samples needs to be *** optimum parameter settings should be considered during the cyranose-320 training process especially for multiple samples,which are helpful for obtaining an accurate training model to improve identification ***,it is necessary to investigate the E-nose sensor selection for obtaining better classification accuracy.A re- duced number of sensors could potentially shorten the data processing time,and could be used to establish an application pro- cedure and reduce the cost for a specific electronic *** research is needed for developing analytical procedures that adapt the cyranose-320 as a tool for testing rice quality.

关键词： rice grain identification electronic nose data analysis pattern recognition

A perspective on sensory drive

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current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 465-470页

作者： Rebecca c. FULLER john A. ENDLER Department of Animal Biology School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign IL 61820 USA centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Waurn Ponds VIC 3216 Australia

In 1992, The American Naturalist published a special supplement entitled：＂Sensory Drive. Does Sensory Drive Biology Bias or constrain the Direction of Evolution？＂ organized by john Endler. The supplement contained a seminal paper on ＂sensory drive＂ by Endler （1992a） as well as several other well-cited papers on sensory exploitation （Ryan and Keddy-Hector 1992）.

关键词：开车博物学生物学报纸

Epidemiological, Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Progressive Aspects of Arterial Hypertension in children at the University Hospital center of Bouaké (côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 379-390页

作者： Richard Azagoh-Kouadio Yao Kossonou Roland Yeboua Kouassi christian Yao john Patrick Yenan Iburaima Alamun Akanji Kouadio Vincent Assé Pediatric Department of Angré University Hospital Abidjan Ivory Coast Pediatric Department of Bouaké University Hospital Bouaké Ivory Coast

Introduction: Arterial hypertension (AH) in children is under-diagnosed and often has a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of hypertension in children at the University Hospital of Bouaké, with a view to improving the prognosis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, analytical study carried out in the paediatrics department of Bouaké University Hospital. It concerned the medical records of children aged 4 to 15 hospitalised from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2020 for hypertension. Diagnosis was based on the simplified blood pressure guidelines of the Expert consensus of the French Society of Hypertension. The variables studied were epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary. Quantitative variables were compared at the significance level p ≤ 0.05. Results: The hospital incidence of hypertension was 0.32% (69/21,642). The sex ratio was 0.72. 97.1% of the children were over five years of age. Oedema (49.3%) and breathing difficulties (20.2%) were the main reasons for consultation. Hypertension was classified as threatening (56.5%), confirmed (31.9%) and borderline (11.6%). The cause was renal in 66.7%, dominated by impure nephrotic syndrome (24.6%). Treatment for hypertension consisted mainly of a diuretic (79.7%) and a calcium channel blocker (47.8%). Outcome was favourable in 50.7% of cases. Mortality was 20.3%. No factor was significantly associated with death. conclusion: Hypertension in children at Bouaké University Hospital is serious. The aetiology is mainly renal. Early diagnosis and management are key to improving prognosis.

关键词： Hypertension children Renal Pathologies Prognosis côte d’Ivoire

Interactions of primary insult biomechanics and secondary cascades in spinal cord injury： implications for therapy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第10期12卷 1618-1619页

作者： Michael B.Orr john c.Gensel Spinal cord and Brain Injury Research center and the Department of Physiology the University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program the University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

The complex and variable nature of traumatic spinal cord inju- ry （ScI） presents a unique challenge for translational research. ScI is not bound by any demographic nor is it limited to specific injury biomechanics.

关键词： ScI Interactions of primary insult biomechanics and secondary cascades in spinal cord injury:implications for therapy

A reverse Denjoy theorem Ⅲ

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Science china Mathematics 2010年第3期53卷 657-662页

作者： FENTON P. c. ROSSI john Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Otago Department of Mathematics Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Suppose that c 1 and c 2 are two simple curves joining 0 to ∞, non-intersecting in the finite plane except at 0 and enclosing a domain D which is such that, for all large r, the set {θ : re iθ∈ D} has measure at most 2α, where 0 constant subharmonic function in the plane such that u(z) = Φ(|z|) for all large z ∈ c 1 ∪ c 2 ∪～D, where Φ(|z|) is a convex, non-decreasing function of |z| and ～D is the complement of D. Let A D (r, u) = inf{u(z) : z ∈ D and |z| = r}. It is shown that if A D (r, u) = O(1) then lim inf r→∞ B(r, u)/r π/(2α) > 0.

关键词： Denjoy conjecture subharmonic function tract