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characterization of Small-Scale Farmers and Assessment of Their Access to crop Production Information in Selected counties of Kenya

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 565-589页

作者： Anastasia Mumbi Wahome john B. K. Kiema Galcano c. Mulaku Isaac Mukoko Department of Geospatial & Space Technology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Public Health Kenya Methodist University Nairobi Kenya

Small-scale farming accounts for 78% of total agricultural production in Kenya and contributes to 23.5% of the country’s GDP. Their crop production activities are mostly rainfed subsistence with any surplus being sold to bring in some income. Timely decisions on farm practices such as farm preparation and planting are critical determinants of the seasonal outcomes. In Kenya, most small-scale farmers have no reliable source of information that would help them make timely and accurate decisions. county governments have extension officers who are mandated with giving farmers advisory services to farmers but they are not able to reach most farmers due to facilitation constraints. The mode and format of sharing information is also critical since it’s important to ensure that it’s timely, well-understood and usable. This study sought to assess access to geospatial derived and other crop production information by farmers in four selected counties of Kenya. Specific objectives were to determine the profile of small-scale farmers in terms of age, education and farm size;to determine the type of information that is made available to them by county and Sub-county extension officers including the format and mode of provision;and to determine if the information provided was useful in terms of accuracy, timeliness and adequacy. The results indicated that over 80% of the farmers were over 35 years of age and over 56% were male. Majority had attained primary education (34%) or secondary education (29%) and most farmers in all the counties grew maize (71%). Notably, fellow farmers were a source of information (71%) with the frequency of sharing information being mostly seasonal (37%) and when information was available (43%). Over 66% of interviewed farmers indicating that they faced challenges while using provided information. The results from the study are insightful and helpful in determining effective ways of providing farmers with useful information to ensure maximum benefits.

关键词： Small Scale Farmers Farmers crop Production Information Services Geospatial Information Information Access

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Nonaqueous potassium-ion full-cells:Mapping the progress and identifying missing puzzle pieces

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Journal of energy chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 384-399,I0010页

作者： Badre Larhrib Louiza Larbi Lénaïc Madec Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPACNRSIPREMPauFrance Universitéde Haute-Alsace Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse(IS2M)CNRS UMR 7361F-68100 MulhouseFrance Universitéde Strasbourg F-67081 StrasbourgFrance Réseau sur le Stockage electrochimique de l’energie CNRS FR3459AmiensFrance Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel(IMN) CNRS UMR 6502Univ.Nantes44322 Cedex 3 NantesFrance

This review addresses the growing interest for potassium-ion full-cells(KIFcs)in view of the transition from potassium-ion half-cells(KIHcs)toward commercial K-ion batteries(KIBs).It focuses on the key parameters of KIFcs such as the electrode/electrolyte interfaces challenge,major barriers,and recent advancements in *** strategies for enhancing KIFc performance,including interfaces co ntrol,electrolyte optimization,electrodes capacity ratio,electrode material screening and electrode design,are *** review highlights the need to evaluate KIBs in full-cell configurations as half-cell results are strongly impacted by the K metal *** also emphasizes the importance of understanding solid electrolyte interphase(SeI)formation in KIFcs and explores promising nonaqueous as well as quasiand all-solid-state electrolytes *** review thus paves the way for practical,cost-effective,and scalable KIBs as energy storage systems by offering insights and guidance for future research.

关键词： K-ion full-cells Potassium-ion batteries cross-talk Solid-state batteries Potassium reactivity electrolyte design electrode design

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Unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomes across Brazil's geographical landscape before and during the cOVID-19 pandemic:are we truly advancing toward the sustainable development/end TB goal?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 105-106页

作者： Reginaldo Bazon Vaz Tavares Thais Zamboni Berra Yan Mathias Alves Marcela Antunes Paschoal Popolin Antonio carlos Vieira Ramos Ariela Fehr Tartaro clara Ferreira de Souza Ricardo Alexandre Arcencic Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing (USP/RPCN) Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil Federal University of Tocantins Palmas Campus (FUT) Palmas Brazil State University of Minas Gerais Passos Campus (SUMG) Passos Brazil

Background Tuberculosis is one of the most significant infectious diseases for global public *** reallocation of healthcare resources and the restrictions imposed by the cOVID-19 pandemic have hindered access to TB diag-nosis and *** in unfavorable outcomes of the disease have been observed in *** objective of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of unfavorable TB treatment outcomes in Brazil before and during the *** An ecological study with spatial analysis was conducted with all 5569 municipalities in *** reported cases of tuberculosis between January 2010 and December 2021,as well as reported cases of cOVID-19 from Febru-ary 2020 to December 2021,were *** outcomes studied encompass loss to follow-up,drug-resistant tuber-culosis,and *** Getis Ord GI*technique was employed to assess spatial association,and the Kernel density estimator was used to identify areas with concentrated increases or decreases in *** Local Moran's/was used to examine the spatial association between outcomes and cOVID-19 *** study was approved by the Research ethics committee of Ribeirao Preto Nursing School,University of Sao *** There were 134,394 cases of loss to follow-up,10,270 cases of drug resistance,and 37,863 *** of high and low values were identified for all three outcomes,indicating significant changes in the spatial distribu-tion *** in concentrations were observed for lost to follow-up cases in the Southeast,while reductions occurred in the Northeast,South,and ***-resistant tuberculosis experienced an increase in the Southern and Southeastern regions and a decrease in the Northeast and ***-related deaths showed notable concentra-tions in the Midwest,Northeast,South,and *** was an increase in high occurrence clusters for deaths after 2020 and 2021 in the *** The pandemic has brought additional chal

关键词： Tuberculosis cOVID-19 Spatial analysis ecological studies

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Post episiotomy Morbidity among Parturient in Alex ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, ebonyi State

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第8期14卷 1144-1160页

作者： john chinedu Obasi Ayodele Adegbite Olaleye Boniface N. ejikeme john O. egede charles Nwambeke edene enemma christian enemma Victor Onuchukwu emmanuel Onyekelu Nathan c. ekpe Wendy Oliobi emmanuel c. Uwakwe Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital AbakalikiNigeria

Background: episiotomy is a very common obstetric surgery, and it could be associated with serious complications. However, these complications largely are not noticed due to the shift of attention from mother to baby, after a successful delivery. Objective: To identify the morbidities associated with episiotomies and factors associated with such morbidities. Method: This was a questionnaire based cross sectional descriptive study among women who attended the Obstetric Department of Alex ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki ebonyi State, between 1st July and 31st Nov, 2023. The study population consisted of parturients who had episiotomies in their previous confinements, attending either the antenatal clinic or the postnatal clinic at Alex ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki ebonyi State. Results: Macrosomia was the most common indication of episiotomy at a rate of 31.6%. The majority of episiotomies were performed on the parturients in their first confinement at a rate of 64.5% and the majority of repairs were performed by the Registrar at a rate of 65.0%. Informed consent was obtained from 45.79% of parturients while 54.21% were not informed before the episiotomy was administered. Only 55.3% of the parturient received analgesia before episiotomy was administered. The majority of the parturients had their episiotomy repaired between 10 - 15 minutes at a rate of 40.3%. Postoperative pain at the rate of 44.5% was the most common complication and dyspareunia as a form of sexual complication was the commonest at a rate of 31.3%. conclusion: The parturient needs to be properly counselled before administration of episiotomy and adequate analgesia should be given, as episiotomy is a surgical procedure. Proper training of health workers on both the technique of administering and repairing episiotomy is important. Restrictive use of routine episiotomy in primigravidae is advised to reduce the rate of episiotomy.

关键词： episiotomy Vulva Pains Primigravidae Morbidities Analgesia

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A four-band index for both liquid and solid water and its applications in the Aral Sea Basin

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Science china earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 769-788页

作者： Bing YUe Xi cHeN Saibo LI Zhengping DU john WILSON Junhui YANG Yimen JIAO Shuangyan HUANG chenghu ZHOU Xinjiang Institute of ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China college of Resources and environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Spatial Sciences Institute University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089-0374USA

Various investigations have been conducted to analyze the water-coverage area of the Aral Sea and the Aral Sea Basin(ASB). However, the investigations incorporated considerable uncertainty and the used water indices had misclassification problem, which made different research groups present different results. Thus we first ascertain the boundaries of the ASB, the Syr and Amu river basins as well as their upper, middle and lower reaches. Then a four-band index for both liquid and solid water(ILSW) is proposed to address the misclassification problems of the classic water indices. ILSW is calculated by using the reflectance values of the green, red, near infrared, and thermal infrared bands, which combines the normalized difference water index(NDWI) and land surface temperature(LST) together. Validation results show that the ILSW water index has the highest accuracy by far in the Aral Sea Basin. Our results indicate that annual average decline of the water-coverage area was 963 km^(2) in the southern Aral Sea, whereas the northern Aral Sea has experienced little change. In the meanwhile, permanent ice and snow in upper reach of ASB has retreated considerably. Annual retreating rates of the permanent ice and snow were respectively 6233and 3841 km^(2) in upper reaches of Amu river basin(UARB) and Syr river basin(USRB). One of major reasons is that climate has become warmer in ASB. The climate change has caused serious water deficit problem. The water deficit had an increasing trend since the 1990s and its increasing rates was 3.778 billion m^(3) yearly on average. The total water deficit was 76.967 billion m^(3) on average in the whole area of ASB in the 2010s. However, up reaches of Syr river basin(USRB), a component area of ASB, had water surplus of 25.461 billion m^(3). These conclusions are useful for setting out a sustainable development strategy in ASB.

关键词： Aral Sea Basin Syr river basin Amu river basin Water indices Water-coverage area Water deficit climate change

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HI in High Gas-phase Metallicity Dwarf Galaxy WISeA J230615.06+143927.9

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 292-299页

作者： Yan Guo c.Sengupta T.c.Scott P.Lagos Y.Luo Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences(IA Porto) Rua das Estrelas4150-762PortoPortugal

We present resolved Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope H I observations of the high gas-phase metallicity dwarf galaxy WISeA J230615.06+143927.9(z = 0.005)(hereafter J2306) and investigate whether it could be a Tidal Dwarf Galaxy(TDG) candidate. TDGs are observed to have higher metallicities than normal dwarfs. J2306 has an unusual combination of a blue g-r color of 0.23 mag, irregular optical morphology and high-metallicity(12 +log(O/H) = 8.68 ± 0.14), making it an interesting galaxy to study in more detail. We find J2306 to be an H I rich galaxy with a large extended, unperturbed rotating H I disk. Using our H I data we estimated its dynamical mass and found the galaxy to be dark matter(DM) dominated within its H I radius. The quantity of DM, inferred from its dynamical mass, appears to rule out J2306 as an evolved TDG. A wide area environment search reveals J2306 to be isolated from any larger galaxies which could have been the source of its high gas metallicity. Additionally, the H I morphology and kinematics of the galaxy show no indication of a recent merger to explain the *** detailed optical spectroscopic observations of J2306 might provide an answer to how a seemingly ordinary irregular dwarf galaxy achieved such a high level of metal enrichment.

关键词： galaxies:abundances galaxies:dwarf galaxies:irregular radio lines:galaxies radio lines:ISM

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A new diatom genus Spargeria ***.(Bacillariophyceae)from Xizang,china,and the description of two new species

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 291-303页

作者： Yan LIU john Patrick KOcIOLeK Li WANG Xinxin LU Huan ZHU Guoxiang LIU Fengyang SUI Yawen FAN college of Life Science and Technology Harbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025China Museum of Natural History and Department of ecology and evolutionary Biology University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80309USA Key Laboratory of Algal Biology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China

During our investigation of diatom biodiversity in Xizang,two species exhibited unique morphological features discriminative from all previously known *** we describe these two species and describe as new the genus,Spargeria *** new genus features narrow to wide rectangular valves,narrow valve mantles,filiform raphe branches that occur on the valve face only,terminal raphe fissures straight or slightly deflected to same side,bow-tie shaped central areas,chambered striae present on the valve face only,being absent from the mantle,wider striae near the axial area and very narrow near the margin,multiseriate striae with small and round areolae that are occluded ***,Spargeria zhuii *** larger and robust valves,radiate striae,with one divergent stria near the apices,while Spargeria chenia *** smaller,with narrow valves,striae slightly radiate in the middle,becoming convergent or parallel near *** new genus belongs to the family Pinnulariaceae,and it was compared and contrasted with other genera of this *** work suggests the need for continued studies to document the biodiversity of diatoms in Xizang.

关键词： Spargeria new genus Pinnulariaceae morphology Xizang

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FeSe’s Best Papers of 2023

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2024年第6期18卷 167-167页

作者： Jiuhui Qu john c.crittenden 不详

Frontiers of environmental Science&engineering is pleased to announce the best paper awards for *** 2023,we published 140 research and review papers in Volume 17 of *** order to acknowledge the past contributions and encourage more submissions,the FeSe editorial board selected three distinguished research papers for their profound insights into current serious environmental issues and contributions to practical treatment *** hope these papers will inspire and promote innovation in the environmental science and engineering research field.

关键词： field. insight contributions

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Apoer2/Lrp8:the undercover cop of synaptic homeostasis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2563-2564页

作者： Gordon c.Werthmann Joachim Herz Department of Molecular Genetics and center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA Department of Neuroscience Department of Neurology University of Texas Southwestern Medical center at Dallas DallasTXUSA

Apolipoprotein e receptor 2(ApoeR2)is a receptor for the protein Apoe,the most common genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease(AD).It is also a key modulator of syna ptic homeostasis,in part through its effect on the expression of neuronal genes including those implicated in AD and other neuropsychiatric *** this perspective,we highlight several genes affected by ApoeR2 and its alternatively spliced forms and how aberrant expression can be rescued by the reintroduction of the ApoeR2 intracellular domain in the mouse hippocampus.

关键词： homeostasis Apoe Alzheimer

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A single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of primate liver aging uncovers the pro-senescence role of SReBP2 in hepatocytes

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Protein & cell 2024年第2期15卷 98-120页

作者： Shanshan Yang chengyu Liu Mengmeng Jiang Xiaoqian Liu Lingling Geng Yiyuan Zhang Shuhui Sun Kang Wang jian Yin Shuai Ma Si Wang Juan carlos Izpisua Belmonte Weiqi Zhang Jing Qu Guang-Hui Liu Advanced Innovation center for Human Brain Protection and National clinical Research center for Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Aging Translational Medicine center International Center for Aging and CancerBeijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research CenterXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China cAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China Xuanwu Hospital capital Medical University Beijing 100053China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Stem cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China Aging Biomarker consortium Beijing 100101China Altos Labs Inc.San DiegoCA 94022USA

Aging increases the risk ofliver diseases and systemic susceptibility to aging-related ***,cell type-specific changes and the underlying mechanism of liver aging in higher vertebrates remain incompletely ***,we constructed the first single-nucleus transcriptomic landscape of primate liver aging,in which we resolved cell type-specific gene expression fluctuation in hepatocytes across three liver zonations and detected aberrant cell-cell interactions between hepatocytes and niche *** in-depth dissection of this rich dataset,we identifed impaired lipid metabolism and upregulation of chronic inflammation-related genes prominently associated with declined liver functions during *** particular,hyperactivated sterol regulatory element-binding protein(SReBP)signaling was a hallmark of the aged liver,and consequently,forced activation of SReBP2 in human primary hepatocytes recapitulated in vivo aging phenotypes,manifesting as impaired detoxification and accelerated cellular *** study expands our knowledge of primate liver aging and informs the development of diagnostics and therapeutic interventions for liver aging and associated diseases.

关键词： single-nucleus RNA sequencing liver hepatocytes aging senescence SReBP2

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