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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第2期14卷 226-232页

作者： Kamel El-Reshaid Shaima Al-Bader john Patrick Madda Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University Kuwait City Kuwait Asad Al-Hamad Dermatology Center Kuwait City Kuwait Department of Pathology Amiri Hospital Kuwait City Kuwait

Background: Systemic secondary amyloidosis (SSA) is associated with chronic inflammatory disorders and/or chronic infections. Patients and Methods: Over the past 10 years;a total of 21 patients, with long-term (17 months) and extensive psoriasis (P) with psoriasis area severity index (PASI) >29, were evaluated. Results: Two patients had nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria 3.9 and 3.6 g/day) and decrease creatinine clearance (46 and 62 ml/minute). Their renal biopsy revealed Congo-red (+) nodular glomerulosclerosis that lacked immune-deposits and resisted wash with K-permanganate wash indicating SSA. Three months subsequent to Cyclosporin A (CyA) therapy with 100 mg twice daily;psoriasis improved in all patients with decrease in (PASI) from 29.5 to 3.5 1. In the 2 patients with SSA;proteinuria decreased to 2.1 and 1.8 g/day and creatinine clearance improved to 51 and 69 ml/minute. Such improvement persisted up to 2 years of follow up and up to 78 months in patients with SSA. Conclusion: psoriasis-induced SSA is an autoimmune disease, with genetic predisposition that is amenable to CyA therapy.

关键词： Amyloidosis Psoriasis Nephrotic Syndrome Cyclosporin A

Effectiveness of Short Message Service Support on Adherence to Chemotherapy Treatment among Patients Attending Cancer Treatment Facilities in Kenya

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第3期14卷 93-113页

作者： Nebert Kiguhe Mchidi john P. Oyore Gordon Ogweno Department of Specialized Surgery . Kenyatta National Hospital Nairobi Kenya Department of Community Health and Epidemiology School of Public Health Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Department of Medical Physiology School of Medicine Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya

Introduction: Cancer is a chronic debilitating disease that unnerves patients, communities, and nations. At some point in cancer patient’s disease experience, chemotherapy is used, and the patient is expected to adhere to treatment to improve survival and quality of life. Methods: This multisite Cluster Randomized Trial (CRT) evaluated the effectiveness of mobile phone Short Message Service (SMS) support on the adherence to treatment schedules among adult cancer patients in Kenya. Data was collected using questionnaires. Ethical approvals were obtained from relevant Ethical Review Boards (ERBs). Results: The mean adherence was 83%. There was a significant difference between treatment arms in relation to the adherence. The intervention arm had a higher mean adherence difference, M = 3.913, 95% CI 2.632-5.193, t (402) = 6.006, p ≤ 0.001), with Cohen’s d = 0.60. Although not significant, (χ2dd = 0.151, df = 1, p = 2.064), more women were perfect adheres than males. Perfect adherers were satisfied with SMS support (χ2dd = 7.620, df = 1, p = 0.06), were in the intervention arm (χ2dd = 22.942, df = 1, p ≤ 0.001), and had trust in the care provider (χ2dd = 10.591 p ≤ 0.001). SMS support was not significant in the multivariate analysis but had an estimated effect size of 0.958 (z = 1.424, p = 0.154, CI = 0.242-3.781), indicating that mean adherence was slightly better in the presence of the intervention. Conclusions: SMS-support intervention has demonstrated superiority in influencing adherence. Further, health system-related factors have a significant influence on the adherence to chemotherapy treatment. Interventions to re-design health systems that are responsive to unmet care needs of cancer patients must be explored. .

关键词： Adherence Cancer Symptom Distress Quality of Life Medication Posses-sion Ratio Short Message Service Survivorship

Hepatic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and in patients with fatal COVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3705-3716页

作者： Angus K Jacobs Steven D Morley Kay Samuel Katie Morgan Lyndsey Boswell Timothy J Kendall David A Dorward Jonathan A Fallowfield Peter C Hayes john N Plevris Hepatology Laboratory University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service Jack Copland CentreEdinburgh EH144BEUnited Kingdom Institute for Regeneration and Repair University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164UUUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),characterised by hepatic lipid accumulation,causes inflammation and oxidative stress accompanied by cell damage and *** injury(LI)is also frequently reported in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),while preexisting MASLD increases the risk of LI and the development of COVID-19-associated *** of injury at the cellular level remain unclear,but it may be significant that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)which causes COVID-19,uses angiotensin-converting expression enzyme 2(ACE2),a key regulator of the‘anti-inflammatory’arm of the renin-angiotensin system,for viral attachment and host cell *** To determine if hepatic ACE2 levels are altered during progression of MASLD and in patients who died with severe *** ACE2 protein levels and localisation,and histological fibrosis and lipid droplet accumulation as markers of MASLD were determined in formalin-fixed liver tissue sections across the MASLD pathological spectrum(isolated hepatocellular steatosis,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)+/-fibrosis,end-stage cirrhosis)and in post-mortem tissues from patients who had died with severe COVID-19,using ACE2 immunohistochemistry and haematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red staining of total collagen and lipid droplet areas,followed by quantification using machine learning-based image pixel *** ACE2 staining is primarily intracellular and concentrated in the cytoplasm of centrilobular hepatocytes and apical membranes of bile duct ***,ACE2 protein levels are elevated in non-fibrotic MASH compared to healthy controls but not in the progression to MASH with fibrosis and in ***2 protein levels and histological fibrosis are not associated,but ACE2 and liver lipid droplet content are significantly correlated across the MASLD *** A

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Immunohistochemistry COVID-19 COVID-19-associated cholangiopathy

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis:changing trends in the incidence,age and gender(findings from the CMC Vellore CVT registry)

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第3期9卷 252-257页

作者： Angel Miraclin T john Davis Prasad George Abraham Ninan Mahasampath Gowri Deepti Bal Atif Iqbal Ahmed Shaikh Rohit N Benjamin Appaswamy Thirumal Prabhakar Ajith Sivadasan Vivek Mathew Sanjith Aaron Department of Neurological Sciences Christian Medical CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia Department of Biostatistics Christian Medical CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia

Background Multiple cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVT)registries from various geographical regions indicate that female gender,the use of contraceptive pills,pregnancy and puerperium are important risk *** this study,we report the changes in the epidemiology of patients with CVT managed over the past 26 *** The CMC Vellore CVT registry is a prospectively maintained database at the Christian Medical College,Vellore since January *** software was used to analyse the data and assess the changes in the incidence,age and gender distribution over the previous 26 *** Among 1701 patients treated during the study period,908(53%)were women and 793(47%)were *** mean incidence of CVT was 49 per 100000 admissions before 2010,which increased to 96 per 100000 after *** gender had a higher odds of developing CVT OR–2.07(CI 1.68 to 2.55,p<0.001).This could be attributed to the declining incidence of postpartum CVT after 2010 compared with the decade before 2010(50%vs 20%).The mean age at presentation had increased from 24.5 to 33.2 years in the last *** There was a clear change in the gender pattern from being a condition with female preponderance,to one where equal or more men are being *** incidence of postpartum CVT cases could be the driving *** increase in the overall incidence of CVT cases was noted,probably due to a higher index of clinical suspicion and better diagnostic imaging modalities.

关键词： CVT driving maintained

A spotlight on dosage and subject selection for effective neuroprotection: exploring the central role of mitochondria

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1081-1082页

作者： john Mitrofanis Jonathan Stone Michael R.Hamblin Pierre Magistretti Alim-Louis Benabid Glen Jeffery Fonds Clinatec UniversitéGrenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance School of Medical Science University of SydneySydneyAustralia Faculty of Health Sciences University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK

Neurons are notoriously vulnerable cell *** the slightest change in their internal and/or external environments will cause much distress and dysfunction,leading often to their death.A range of pathological conditions,including stroke,head trauma,and neurodegenerative disease,can generate stress in neurons,affecting their survival and proper *** most neural pathologies,mitochondria become dysfunctional and this plays a pivotal role in the process of cell *** challenge over the last few decades has been to develop effective interventions that improve neuronal homeostasis under pathological *** interventions,often referred to as disease-modifying or neuroprotective,have,however,proved frustratingly elusive,at both preclinical and,in particular,clinical *** this perspective,we highlight two factors that we feel are key to the development of effective neuroprotective *** are:firstly,the choice of dose of intervention and method of application,and secondly,the selection of subjects,whether they be patients or the animal model.

关键词： protective dosage distress

Low-Cost Federated Broad Learning for Privacy-Preserved Knowledge Sharing in the RIS-Aided Internet of Vehicles

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 178-189页

作者： Xiaoming Yuan Jiahui Chen Ning Zhang Qiang(john)Ye Changle Li Chunsheng Zhu Xuemin Sherman Shen Qinhuangdao Branch Campus Northeastern UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks&the Research Institute of Smart Transportation Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4Canada Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada SUSTech Institute of Future Networks Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

High-efficiency and low-cost knowledge sharing can improve the decision-making ability of autonomous vehicles by mining knowledge from the Internet of Vehicles(IoVs).However,it is challenging to ensure high efficiency of local data learning models while preventing privacy leakage in a high mobility *** order to protect data privacy and improve data learning efficiency in knowledge sharing,we propose an asynchronous federated broad learning(FBL)framework that integrates broad learning(BL)into federated learning(FL).In FBL,we design a broad fully connected model(BFCM)as a local model for training client *** enhance the wireless channel quality for knowledge sharing and reduce the communication and computation cost of participating clients,we construct a joint resource allocation and reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)configuration optimization framework for *** problem is decoupled into two convex *** to improve the resource scheduling efficiency in FBL,a double Davidon–Fletcher–Powell(DDFP)algorithm is presented to solve the time slot allocation and RIS configuration *** on the results of resource scheduling,we design a reward-allocation algorithm based on federated incentive learning(FIL)in FBL to compensate clients for their *** simulation results show that the proposed FBL framework achieves better performance than the comparison models in terms of efficiency,accuracy,and cost for knowledge sharing in the IoV.

关键词： Knowledge sharing Internet of Vehicles Federated learning Broad learning Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces Resource allocation

Human-artificial intelligence interaction in gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第3期16卷 126-135页

作者： john R Campion Donal B O'Connor Conor Lahiff Department of Gastroenterology Mater Misericordiae University HospitalDublin D07 AX57Ireland School of Medicine University College DublinDublin D04 C7X2Ireland Department of Surgery Trinity College DublinDublin D02 R590Ireland

The number and variety of applications of artificial intelligence(AI)in gastr-ointestinal(GI)endoscopy is growing *** technologies based on machine learning(ML)and convolutional neural networks(CNNs)are at various stages of development and deployment to assist patients and endoscopists in preparing for endoscopic procedures,in detection,diagnosis and classification of pathology during endoscopy and in confirmation of key performance *** based on ML and CNNs require regulatory approval as medical *** between humans and the technologies we use are complex and are influenced by design,behavioural and psychological *** to the substantial differences between AI and prior technologies,important differences may be expected in how we interact with advice from AI ***-AI interaction(HAII)may be optimised by developing AI algorithms to minimise false positives and designing platform interfaces to maximise *** factors influencing HAII may include automation bias,alarm fatigue,algorithm aversion,learning effect and *** of these areas merits further study in the specific setting of AI applications in GI endoscopy and professional societies should engage to ensure that sufficient emphasis is placed on human-centred design in development of new AI technologies.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Human factors Computer-aided detection Colonoscopy Adenoma detection rate

Provenance and tectonic setting of sandstones of the Lomas Coloradas Formation, Cabullona Group, Sonora, México: Constraints on petrography and geochemistry

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第4期13卷 839-861页

作者： J.Madhavaraju D.G.Noriega-Montoya E.Ramirez-Montoya C.M.Gonz alez-Le on john S.Armstrong-Altrin Estaci on Regional del Noroeste Instituto de GeologíaUniversidad Nacional Aut onoma de Mexico Ingeniería en Geociencias Universidad Estatal de Sonora Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra Estaci on Regional del NoroesteInstituto de GeologíaUniversidad Nacional Aut onoma de Mexico Universidad Nacional Aut onoma de Mexico Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y LimnologíaUnidad de Procesos Oce anicos y CosterosCiudad Universitaria

The sedimentary rocks of the Cabullona Group are well exposed in the Cabullona Basin of northeastern Sonora, Mexico, which represent syntectonic sedimentation associated with Laramide-style deformation during the Campanian-early Maastrichtian. The sandstones of the Lomas Coloradas Formation deposited at the upper part of the Cabullona Group. Petrography and geochemical(major, trace, and rare earth elements) studies were carried out on the sandstones to interpret the palaeoweathering, provenance,and tectonic setting of the Lomas Coloradas Formation sandstones. Most of the sandstone modal analysis data plotted in the QFL and Qm FLt ternary diagrams fall into the fields of dissected arcs and recycled orogens,respectively. Geochemically the sandstones are classified as litharenites while few samples plot into the arkosic field. The chondrite-normalized REE diagrams for sandstones have LREE-enriched, relatively flat HREE patterns with negative Eu anomalies. CIA values and the A-CN-K diagram indicate a low intensity of chemical weathering in the source area. The tectonic setting diagram suggests both arc and rift settings for the studied sandstones. The bivariate and ternary diagrams and elemental ratios suggest a felsic source for the Lomas Coloradas Formation. The average REE patterns of the studied sandstones are comparable with REE patterns of the granite from the Caborca block, the rhyolite and granite of the Tarahumara Formation, and the Mesozoic felsic volcanic rocks. The modeled mixture of 40% Proterozoic granite, 30% Triassic arc, 10% Jurassic arc, and 20% Laramide arc represents the probable source rocks for the Lomas Coloradas Formation.

关键词： Provenance Petrography Geochemistry Lomas Coloradas Formation Cabullona Group México

A Modified Lagrange Method for Solving Convex Quadratic Optimization Problems

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Open Journal of Optimization 2024年第1期13卷 1-20页

作者： Twum B. Stephen Avoka john Christian J. Etwire School of Mathematical Science C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Mathematics University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

In this paper, a modified version of the Classical Lagrange Multiplier method is developed for convex quadratic optimization problems. The method, which is evolved from the first order derivative test for optimality of the Lagrangian function with respect to the primary variables of the problem, decomposes the solution process into two independent ones, in which the primary variables are solved for independently, and then the secondary variables, which are the Lagrange multipliers, are solved for, afterward. This is an innovation that leads to solving independently two simpler systems of equations involving the primary variables only, on one hand, and the secondary ones on the other. Solutions obtained for small sized problems (as preliminary test of the method) demonstrate that the new method is generally effective in producing the required solutions.

关键词： Quadratic Programming Lagrangian Function Lagrange Multipliers Optimality Conditions Subsidiary Equations Modified Lagrange Method

Genome-Wide Association Study and Genomic Selection for Plant Growth Habit in Peanuts Using the USDA Public Data

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 811-834页

作者： Aurora Manley Madeline Brown Waltram Ravelombola john Cason Hanh Pham Texas A&M AgriLife Research Vernon USA Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University College Station USA Texas A&M AgriLife Research Stephenville USA Texas A&M AgriLife Research Lubbock USA

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production is valued at $1.28 billion annually in the USA. Plant growth habit can be used to determine plant population density and cultivation practices a given farmer uses. Erect plants are generally more compact and can be more densely planted unlike plants with more prostrate growth. The objectives of this study were to analyze publicly available datasets to identify single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with plant growth habit in peanuts and to conduct genomic selection. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to identify SNPs for growth habit type among 775 USDA peanut accessions. A total of 13,306 SNPs were used to conduct GWAS using five statistical models. The models used were single-marker regression, generalized linear model (PCA), generalized linear model (Q), mixed linear model (PCA), and mixed linear model (Q) and a total of 181, 1, 108, 1, and 10 SNPs were found associated with growth habit respectively. Based on this dataset, results showed that genomic selection can achieve up to 61% accuracy, depending on the training population size being used for the prediction. SNP AX-176821681 was found in all models. Gene ontology for this location shows an annotated gene, Araip.0F3YM, found 2485 bp upstream of this SNP and encodes for a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report identifying molecular markers linked to plant growth habit type in peanuts. This finding suggests that a molecular marker can be developed to identify specific plant growth habits in peanuts, enabling early generation selection by peanut breeders.

关键词： SNP Cultivated Peanut GS GWAS Growth Habit