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The Effect of Nb Loading on Catalytic Properties of Ni/Ce_(0.75)Zr_(0.25)O_2 Catalyst for Methane Partial Oxidation

Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2007年第3期16卷 227-234页

作者： Sitthiphong Pengpanich Vissanu Meeyoo Thirasak Rirksomboon johannes schwank Department of Chemical Engineering Mahanakorn University of TechnologyBangkok 10530Thailand Center for Advanced Materials and Environmental Research Mahanakorn University of TechnologyBangkok 10530Thailand The Petroleum and Petrochemical College Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 481092136USA

In this study, the effect of Nb loading on the catalytic activity of Ce0.75Zr0.25O2-supported Ni catalysts was studied for methane partial oxidation. The catalysts were characterized by BET, H2 chemisorption, XRD, TPR, TEM and tested for methane partial oxidation to syngas in the temperature range of 400-800 ℃at atmospheric pressure. The results showed that the activity of methane partial oxidation on the catalysts was apparently dependent on Nb loading. It seemed that the addition of Nb lowered the catalytic activity for methane partial oxidation and increased the extent of carbon deposition. This might be due to the strong interaction between NiO and Nb-modified support and reduction of surface oxygen reducibility.

关键词： methane partial oxidation Ni/CeO2-ZrO2 niobium

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New approaches to water purification for resource- constrained settings： Production of activated biochar by chemical activation with diammonium hydrogenphosphate

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第1期12卷 194-208页

作者： Mohit Nahata Chang Y. Seo Pradeep Krishnakumar johannes schwank Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan-Ann Arbor Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

A significant portion of the world＇s population does not have access to safe drinking water. This problem is most acute in remote, resource-constrained rural settings in developing countries. Water filtration using activated carbon is one of the important steps in treating con- taminated water. Lignocellulosic biomass is generally available in abundance in such locations, such as the African rain forests. Our work is focused on developing a simple method to synthesize activated biochar from locally available materials. The preparation of activated biochar with diammonium hydrogenphosphate （DAP） as the activating agent is explored under N2 flow and air. The study, carried out with cellulose as a model biomass, provides some insight into the interaction between DAP and biomass, as well as the char forming mechanism. Various characterization techniques such as N2 physisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy are utilized to compare the properties between biochar formed under nitrogen and partial oxidative conditions. At a temperature of 450 ℃, the loading of DAP over cellulose is systematically varied, and its effect on activation is examined. The activated biochar samples are predominantly microporous in the range of concentrations studied. The interaction of DAP with cellulose is investigated and the nature of bonding of the heteroatoms to the carbonaceous matrix is elucidated. The results indicate that the quality of biochar prepared under partial oxidation condition is comparable to that ofbiochar prepared under nitrogen, leading to the possibility of an activated biochar production scheme on a small scale in resource-constrained settings.

关键词： cellulose DAP activation heteroatom,microporous

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Catalytic oxidation of CO over Pt/Fe3O4 catalysts:Tuning O2 activation and CO adsorption

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第4期14卷 115-123页

作者： Zihao Li Yang Geng Lei Ma Xiaoyin Chen Junhua Li Huazhen Chang johannes W.schwank Department of Chemical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Environment and Natural Resources Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

The self-inhibition behavior due to CO poisoning on Pt metal particles strongly impairs the performance of CO *** is an effective method to use reducible metal oxides for supporting Pt metal particles to avoid self-inhibition and to improve catalytic *** this work,we used in situ reductions of chloroplatinic acid on commercial Fe3O4 powder to prepare heterogeneousstructured Pt/Fe3O4 catalysts in the solution of ethylene *** heterogeneous Pt/Fe3O4 catalysts achieved a better catalytic performance of CO oxidation compared with the Fe3O4 *** temperatures of 50%and 90%CO conversion were achieved above 260℃and 290℃at Pt/Fe3O4,***,they are accomplished on Fe3O4 at temperatures higher than 310℃.XRD,XPS,and H2-TPR results confirmed that the metallic Pt atoms have a strong synergistic interaction with the Fe3O4 *** results and transient DRIFTS results proved that the Pt metal particles facilitate the release of lattice oxygen and the formation of oxygen vacancies on *** combined results of O2-TPD and DRIFTS indicated that the activation step of oxygen molecules at surface oxygen vacancies could potentially be the rate-determining step of the catalytic CO oxidation at Pt/Fe3O4 *** reaction pathway involves a Pt-assisted Mars-van Krevelen(MvK)mechanism.

关键词： Strong metal-support interaction(SMSI) Surface oxygen vacancy Lattice oxygen Magnetite Platinum metals

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