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Effects of Energy Production and Consumption on Air Pollution and Global Warming

Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2014年第8期2卷 25-30页

作者： Nnenesi Kgabi Charles Grant johann antoine Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Polytechnic of Namibia Windhoek Namibia International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences University of the West Indies Kingston Jamaica

In this study, different fuel combinations that can be adopted to reduce the level of air pollution and GHG emissions associated with the energy generation are assessed;and the air pollution and global warming effects of the Jamaican electricity generation fuel mix are determined. Based on the energy production and consumption patterns, and global warming potentials;the authors conclude that: Increase in energy consumption and generation yields increase in emissions of major air pollutants and GHGs;Choice of the fuel mix determines the success of GHG emissions reductions;and there is no single fuel that is not associated with GHG or other air pollution or environmental degradation implications.

关键词： Energy Generation Energy Utilization Air Quality Implications GHG Emissions Jamaica

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Occupancy Factor Model for Exposure to Natural Radionuclides along the Coastline of Erongo Region, Namibia

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第5期4卷 117-126页

作者： Sylvanus A. Onjefu Nnenesi A. Kgabi Simeon H. Taole Owen P. L. Mtambo Charles Grant johann antoine Department of Physics and Electronics North-West University Mafikeng Campus Mmabatho South Africa Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Namibia University of Science and Technology Windhoek Namibia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Namibia University of Science and Technology Windhoek Namibia Department of Mathematics and Statistic Namibia University of Science and Technology Windhoek Namibia International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences University of the West Indies Mona Campus Kingston Jamaica

In this study, an occupancy factor model was developed and used to calculate the average time spent for outdoor and indoor activities along the coastline of the Erongo region of Namibia. A closed ended questionnaire was developed and administered to 800 respondents who visited the coastline for leisure, occupational and other activities. The mean time allocated for leisure activities ranges from 13.00 to 1.00 h, occupational mean time between 10.18 to 9.06 h and the values of other activities range from 16.66 to 11.00 h. The average computed time spent outdoor was found to be 11.46 h and indoor calculated to be 12.54 h. This shows an outdoor factor of 0.48 and indoor factor of 0.52 respectively. From the results obtained, the value of the absorbed dose rate ranged from 93.27 to 105.95 nGy·hǃ and the annual effective dose rate ranged from 121.01 to 176.61 μSv·yǃ (UNSCEAR factor) and 292.60 to 413.63 μSv·yǃ (present factor). The values obtained for annual effective dose are higher than the acceptable limit. However, from this study, we can conclude that the use of the UNSCEAR outdoor factor in the coastline will lead to underestimation of effective dose by 24% based on the present factor.

关键词： Model Indoor Outdoor Leisure Occupation Effective Dose

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