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supplemental smartamine M in higher-energy diets during the prepartal period improves hepatic biomarkers of health and oxidative status in Holstein cows

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 624-635页

作者： Mario Vailati-Riboni johan s.osorio Erminio Trevisi Daniel Luchini Juan J.Loor Mammalian Nutri Physio Genomics Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Istituto di Zootecnica Facolt àdi scienze Agrarie Alimentari e AmbientaliUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore29122 PiacenzaItaly Adisseo NA AlpharettaGA 30022USA. Dairy and Food science Department South Dakota State University1111 College Ave113H Alfred DairyScience HallBrookings SD 57007USA

Background： Feeding higher-energy prepartum is a common practice in the dairy industry. However, recent data underscore how it could reduce performance, deepen negative energy balance, and augment inflammation and oxidative stress in fresh cows. We tested the effectiveness of rumen-protected methionine in preventing the negative effect of feeding a higher-energy prepartum. Multiparous Holstein cows were fed a control lower-energy diet（CON, 1.24 Mcal/kg DM; high-straw） during the whole dry period（-50 d）, or were switched to a higher-energy（OVE, 1.54 Mcal/kg DM）, or OVE plus smartamine M（OVE ＋ sM; Adisseo NA） during the last 21 d before *** cows received the same lactation diet（1.75 Mcal/kg DM）. smartamine M was top-dressed on the OVE diet（0.07% of DM） from -21 through 30 d in milk（DIM）. Liver samples were obtained via percutaneous biopsy at -10, 7 and 21 DIM. Expression of genes associated with energy and lipid metabolism, hepatokines, methionine cycle, antioxidant capacity and inflammation was ***： Postpartal dry matter intake, milk yield, and energy-corrected milk were higher in CON and OVE ＋ sM compared with OVE. Furthermore, milk protein and fat percentages were greater in OVE ＋ sM compared with CON and OVE. Expression of the gluconeogenic gene PCK1 and the lipid-metabolism transcription regulator PPARA was again greater with CON and OVE ＋ sM compared with OVE. Expression of the lipoprotein synthesis enzyme MTTP was lower in OVE ＋ sM than CON or OVE. similarly, the hepatokine FGF21, which correlates with severity of negative energy balance, was increased postpartum only in OVE compared to the other two groups. These results indicate greater liver metabolism and functions to support a greater production in OVE ＋ sM. At 7 DIM, the enzyme GsR involved in the synthesis of glutathione tended to be upregulated in OVE than CON-fed cows, suggesting a greater antioxidant demand in overfed cows. Feeding OVE ＋ sM resulted in lower similar express

关键词： Energy Methionine Nutrigenomics Transition period

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Hepatic metabolomics and transcriptomics to study susceptibility to ketosis in response to prepartal nutritional management

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 194-210页

作者： Khuram shahzad Vincenzo Lopreiato Yusheng Liang Erminio Trevisi johan s.osorio Chuang Xu Juan J.Loor COMsATs Institute of Information Technology ChakShahzadIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Animal sciences and Division of Nutritional sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Istituto di Zootecnica Facoltàdi Scienze AgrarieAlimentari e AmbientaliUniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore29122 PiacenzaItaly Department of Dairy science South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57006USA College of Animal science and Veterinary Medicine Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityXinyang Rd.5Daqing 163319China.

Background:Ketosis in dairy cows is associated with body fat mobilization during the peripartal ***-clinical and clinical ketosis arise more frequently in cows that are overfed energy during the entire dry(last 50 to 45 days prior to parturition)or close-up period(last^28 days prepartum).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 12 cows from a larger cohort that were fed a higher-energy diet[1.54 Mcal/kg of dry matter(DM);35.9%of DM corn silage and 13%of DM ground corn]during the close-up dry period,of which 6 did not develop clinical ketosis(OVE,0.83 mmol/L plasma hydroxybutyrate;BHB)and 6 were diagnosed with clinical ketosis(KET,1.4 mmol/L BHB)during the first week postpartum.A whole-transcriptome bovine microarray(Agilent Technologies)and metabolomics(GC-Ms,LC-Ms;Metabolon~?Inc.)were used to perform transcript and metabolite profiling of liver tissue harvested at-10 days relative to parturition which allowed to establish potential associations between prepartal transcriptome/metabolome profiles and susceptibility to clinical ketosis ***:Cows in KET had greater(P=0.01)overall body weight between-2 and 1 week around parturition,but similar body condition score than *** dry matter intake(DMI)did not differ prepartum,KET cows had lower(Psimilar milk yield as OVE cows during the first week *** analysis revealed a total of 3065 differentially expressed genes(DEG;P≤0.05)in *** identified 15 out of 313 total biochemical compounds significantly affected(P≤0.10)in *** those,greater concentrations(P≤0.06,+2.3-fold)of glycochenodeoxycholate in KET cows also have been detected in humans developing non-alcoholic fatty liver *** analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway database and the DEG revealed that,among the top 20 most-impacted metabolic pathway categories in KET,65%were overall *** included’Metabolism of cofactors

关键词： Bioinformatics Ketosis Metabolomics Transition cow

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Peripheral leukocyte and endometrium molecular biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress are altered in peripartal dairy cows supplemented with Zn,Mn,and Cu from amino acid complexes and Co from Co glucoheptonate

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 885-896页

作者： Fernanda Batistel johan s.osorio Muhammad Rizwan Tariq Cong Li Jessica Caputo Michael T.socha Juan J.Loor Department of Animal sciences and Division of Nutritional sciences University of Illinois1207 West Gregory DriveUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Dairy science South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSDUSA. Department of Food science and Technology University College of Agriculture&Environmental SciencesThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPunjabPakistan College of Animal science and Technology Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of AgricultureNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Zinpro Corporation Eden PrairieMNUSA

Background: Immune dysfunction and a higher risk of uterine infections are characteristics of the transition into lactation in dairy cows. The supply of complexed trace minerals, which are more bioavailable, could help overcome the greater needs of these nutrients in tissues around parturition and early ***: Twenty Holstein cows received an oral bolus with a mix of inorganic trace minerals(INO) or complexed trace minerals(AAC) to achieve 75, 65, 11, and 1 ppm supplemental Zn, Mn, Cu, and Co, respectively, in the total diet dry matter from -30 d through +30 d relative to parturition. Blood for polymorphonuclear leukocyte(PMNL) isolation was collected at-30,-15, +10, and + 30 d relative to parturition, whereas endometrium biopsies were performed at +14 and +30 d. Feeding AAC led to greater PMNL expression of genes related with inflammation response(DDX58), oxidative stress response(MPO), eicosanoid metabolism(PLA2G4A and ALOX5AP), transcription regulation(PPARG), and cellular adhesion(TLN1). The upregulation by AAC in endometrium of genes related with inflammation response( TLR2, TLR4, NFKB1, TNF, IL6, IL1 B, IL10, IL8), prostaglandin synthesis(PTGs2, PTGEs), and antioxidant responses(NFE2 L2, sOD1) indicated a faster remodeling of uterine tissue and potentially greater capacity to control a local bacterial ***: Data indicate that trace mineral supplementation from amino acid complexes improves PMNL activity and allows the prompt recovery of uterine tissue during early lactation. As such, the benefits of complexed trace minerals extend beyond an improvement of liver function and productive performance.

关键词： Inflammation Oxidative stress Trace minerals Transition period

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Gut health,stress,and immunity in neonatal dairy calves:the host side of host-pathogen interactions

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 49-63页

作者： johan.s.osorio Dairy and Food science Department South Dakota State University113 H Alfred Dairy Science HallBrookingsSD 57007USA

The cumulative evidence that perinatal events have long-lasting ripple effects through the life of livestock animals should impact future nutritional and management recommendations at the farm level. The implications of fetal programming due to malnutrition, including neonatal survival and lower birth weights, have been characterized,particularly during early and mid-gestation, when placental and early fetal stages are being developed. The accelerated fetal growth during late pregnancy has been known for some time, while the impact of maternal stressors during this time on fetal development and by extent its postnatal repercussions on health and performance are still being *** stressors during late pregnancy cannot only influence colostrogenesis but also compromise adequate intestinal development in the fetus, thus, that further limits the newborn's ability to absorb nutrients, bioactive compounds, and immunity(i.e., immunoglobulins, cytokines, and immune cells) from colostrum. These negative effects set the newborn calf to a challenging start in life by compromising passive immunity and intestinal maturation needed to establish a mature postnatal mucosal immune system while needing to digest and absorb nutrients in milk or milk replacer. Besides the dense-nutrient content and immunity in colostrum, it contains bioactive compounds such as growth factors, hormones, and cholesterol as well as molecular signals or instructions [e.g., microRNAs(miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)] transferred from mother to offspring with the aim to influence postnatal gut maturation. The recent change in paradigm regarding prenatal materno-fetal microbiota inoculation and likely the presence of microbiota in the developing fetus intestine needs to be addressed in future research in ruminants. There still much to know on what prenatal or postnatal factors may predispose neonates to become susceptible to enteropathogens(e.g., enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli), causing

关键词： Dairy calves Fecal RNA Neonatal diarrhea

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Peripartal rumen-protected methionine supplementation to higher energy diets elicits positive effects on blood neutrophil gene networks, performance and liver lipid content in dairy cows

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 391-402页

作者： Cong Li Fernanda Batistel johan samir osorio James K.Drackley Daniel Luchini Juan J.Loor Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture National Engineering Laboratory of Animal BreedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural University Department of Animal sciences and Division of Nutritional sciences University of Illinois Department of Animal and Rangeland sciences Oregon State University Ruminant Technical services ADISSEO NA

Background： Main objectives were to determine to what extent smartamine M（sM） supplementation to a prepartal higher-energy diet could alter neutrophil（PMN） and liver tissue immunometabolic biomarkers, and whether those responses were comparable to those in cows fed a prepartal lower-energy diet（CON）.Results： Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were fed CON（NEL= 1.24 Mcal/kg DM） during d-50 to d-22 relative to calving. From d-21 to calving, cows were randomly assigned to a higher-energy diet（OVE, n = 9; NEL= 1.54 Mcal/kg DM）, OVE plus sM（OVE ＋ sM, n = 10; sM = 0.07 % of DM） or remained on CON（n = 9）. Al cows received the same basal lactation diet（NEL= 1.75 Mcal/kg DM）. supplementation of sM（OVE ＋ sM） continued until 30 d postpartum. Liver biopsies were harvested at d-10, 7, and 21 relative to parturition. Blood PMN isolated at-10, 3, and 21 d relative to calving was used to evaluate gene expression. As expected, OVE increased liver lipid content postpartum; however,cows fed OVE ＋ sM or CON had lower concentrations than OVE. Compared with OVE, cows in CON and OVE ＋ sM had greater DMI postpartum and milk production. Furthermore, cows fed OVE ＋ sM had the greatest milk protein and fat percentage and lowest milk sCC despite having intermediate PMN phagocytic capacity. Adaptations in PMN gene expression in OVE ＋ sM cows associated with the lower sCC were gradual increases from-10 to 21 d in genes that facilitate migration into inflammatory sites（sELL, ITGAM）, enzymes essential for reducing reactive oxygen metabolites（sOD1, sOD2）, and a transcription factor（s） required for controlling PMN development（RXRA）. The greater expression of TLR4 on d 3, key for activation of innate immunity due to inflammation, in OVE compared with CON cows suggests a more pronounced inflammatory state. Feeding OVE ＋ sM dampened the upregulation of TLR4, despite the fact that these cows had similar expression of the pro-inflammatory genes NFKB1 and TNF as OVE. Cows in CON had lower overall expr

关键词： Blood neutrophil Gene expression Methionine

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Mapping and understanding degradation of alpine wetlands in the northern Maloti-Drakensberg, southern Africa

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第9期21卷 2956-2966页

作者： johan van TOL Department of soil Crop and Climate SciencesUniversity of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300South Africa

The alpine terrestrials of the Maloti-Drakensberg in southern Africa play crucial roles in ecosystem functions and livelihoods,yet they face escalating degradation from various factors including overgrazing and climate *** study employs advanced Digital soil Mapping(DsM)techniques coupled with remote sensing to map and assess wetland coverage and degradation in the northern *** model achieved high accuracies of 96%and 92%for training and validation data,respectively,with Kappa statistics of 0.91 and 0.83,marking a pioneering automated attempt at wetland mapping in this *** attributes such as terrain wetness index(TWI)and valley depth(VD)exhibit significant positive correlations with wetland coverage and erosion gully density,Channel Network Depth and slope were negative *** density analysis revealed terrain attributes as dominant factors driving degradation,highlighting the need to consider catchment-specific susceptibility to *** challenge traditional assumptions which mainly attribute wetland degradation to external forces such as livestock overgrazing,ice rate activity and climate *** sensitivity map produced could serve as a basis for Integrated Catchment Management(ICM)projects,facilitating tailored conservation *** research should expand on this work to include other highland areas,explore additional covariates,and categorize wetlands based on hydroperiod and sensitivity to *** comprehensive study underscores the potential of DsM and remote sensing in accurately assessing and managing wetland ecosystems,crucial for sustainable resource management in alpine regions.

关键词： Digital soil Mapping Gully density Integrated catchment management Remote sensing Wetland degradation

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The origin of the suspended particulate matter in the seagrass meadow of tropical waters, an evidence of the stable isotope signatures

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Acta Oceanologica sinica 2019年第1期38卷 136-143页

作者： A'an johan Wahyudi Afdal Research Center for Oceanography Indonesian Institute of Sciences

suspended particulate matter(sPM) has been known as an important variable in the organic matter flow of coastal ecosystem. Half of burial carbon in seagrass meadows is contributed by allochthonous sources that compose the sPM such as phytoplankton, seagrass detritus, marine snow aggregates and terrestrially derived particles. Each composition of the sPM contributes different roles and is important to be identified, for instance,the exact contribution of seagrass detritus will be useful for determination of carbon export through the detritus form in seagrass meadows. Here, the sPM of seagrass meadows is studied in Bintan Island and the selayar Archipelago. The aim of this research is to determine the source origin of the sPM using a stable isotope *** order to fulfill this aim, the objectives are defined as:(1) to specify the stable isotope signature(δ13C and δ15N)of the sPM, and(2) to determine the proportional distribution of the sPM's prospectus sources. The result shows that the possibility of the source origin of the sPM includes a seagrass fraction(Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii), terrestrial C4 plant, macroalgae, and terrestrial C3 plant. The sPM lies between the marine-and terrigenous-end members. However, it seems that the sPM is more to be terrigenous-end and *** to a Bayesian mixing model, the terrestrial C4 has the highest contribution of the sPM at all sites except Barugaia and Pasi Island in selayar(i.e., the highest contribution of the sPM is from the detritus of E. acoroides).The second contribution has been contributed by either seagrass detritus(E. acoroides or Th. hemprichii) or terrestrial C3 plant. The finding of this study indicates that there is a strong influence of the terrigenous sources in the sPM of the seagrass meadows.

关键词： suspended particulate matter stable isotope source origin seagrass ecosystems

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Comparison of seed morphology of two ginkgo cultivars

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 751-758页

作者： Fang Tian Yujun Wang Hardev s.sandhu johan Gielis Peijian shi Co-Innovation Centre for sustainable Forestry in southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida3200 E.Palm Beach RoadBelle GladeFL 33430USA Department of Biosciences Engineering University of Antwerp2020 AntwerpBelgium

Ginkgo biloba L. is a precious relic tree species with important economic value. seeds, as a vital reproductive organ of plants, can be used to distinguish cultivars of the species. We chose 400 seeds from two cultivars of ginkgo(“Fozhi” and “Maling”;200 seeds for each cultivar) as the study material and used the Gielis equation to fit the projected shape of these seeds. The coefficients of variation(CV) in root mean squared errors(RMsE)obtained from the fitted data were used to compare the level of inter-cultivar variations in seed shape. We also used the covariance analysis to compare the allometric relationships between seed weights and projected areas of these two cultivars. The Gielis equation fitted well the seedshapes of two ginkgo cultivars. The lower CV in RMsE of cultivar “Fozhi” than “Maling” indicated a less symmetrical seed shape in the latter than the former. The bootstrap percentile method showed that the seed shape differences between the two cultivars were significant. However, there was no significant difference in the exponents between the seed weights and the projected areas of these two ***, the significant differences in shapes between the seeds of two ginkgo cultivars were well explained by the Gielis equation;this model can be further extended to compare morphological differences in other ginkgo cultivars, and even for plant seeds or animal eggs that have similar oval shapes.

关键词： Allometry Coefficient of variation Curve fitting Gielis equation Root mean squared errors

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A stepwise process for carbon dioxide sequestration using magnesium silicates

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Frontiers of Chemical science and Engineering 2010年第2期4卷 133-141页

作者： johan FAGERLUND Experience NDUAGU Inês ROMÃO Ron ZEVENHOVEN Åbo Akademi University Thermal and Flow EngineeringBiskopsgatan 8FI-20500Åbo/TurkuFinland visiting from University of Coimbra Department of Chemical EngineeringPólo IIPinhal de Marrocos3030-290 CoimbraPortugal

This work involves the production of magnesium in the form of Mg(OH)_(2)from serpentinite rock(nickel mine tailing)material followed by conversion into MgCO_(3)using a pressurised fluidised bed(PFB)reactor operating at 400℃-600℃and pressures up to 2.85 *** approach is rooted in the thermodynamic fact that the reaction between Mg(OH)_(2)and gaseous CO_(2)forming MgCO_(3)and water releases significant amounts of *** main problem is,however,the chemical kinetics;the reaction is slow and has to be accelerated in order to be used in an economically viable process for large-scale(~1 Mt/a)CO_(2)*** have constructed a labscale PFB reactor test-setup for optimising the carbonation *** high enough temperatures and conversion levels the reaction should provide the heat for the proceeding Mg(OH)_(2)production step,making the overall process energy *** far we have been able to achieve a conversion degree of 26%at 500℃and 2.85 MPa after 30 min(particle size 125-212μm).In this paper the test facility and our latest results and progress on CO_(2)mineral carbonation are ***,the possible integration of the iron as a feedstock for iron and steel production will be briefly *** interesting side-effect of this carbon dioxide capture and storage(CCs)route is that significant amounts of iron are obtained from the serpentinite rock *** is released during the Mg(OH)_(2)production and can be of great interest to the iron-and steel producing sector,which at the same time is Finland’s largest CO_(2)producer.

关键词： mineralisation serpentinite mineral carbonation magnesium carbonate fluidised bed

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Classification of Flat Lagrangian surfaces in Complex Lorentzian Plane

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Acta Mathematica sinica,English series 2007年第12期23卷 2111-2144页

作者： Bang-Yen CHEN johan FAsTENAKELs Department of Mathematics Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824-1027 USA Departement Wiskunde Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200B B-3001 Leuven Belgium

One of the most fundamental problems in the study of Lagrangian submanifolds from Riemannian geometric point of view is to classify Lagrangian immersions of real space forms into complex space forms. The main purpose of this paper is thus to classify flat Lagrangian surfaces in the Lorentzian complex plane C1^2. Our main result states that there are thirty-eight families of flat Lagrangian surfaces in C1^2. Conversely, every flat Lagrangian surface in C1^2 is locally congruent to one of the thirty-eight families.

关键词： flat Lagrangian surfaces Lorentzian complex plane Legendre curve

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