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走出现行水/土管理的误区

人类环境杂志 1996年第3期25卷 210-211页

作者： malin Falkenmark Dr johan rockstrm 李世涛 Natural Resources management Institute Stockholm University

由于人们逐渐认识到在土地利用和水资源之间存在着密切的相关性,因而对管理方法的后果产生了新兴趣。在北方和南方,对水与土相联系的认识是沿着不同的途径形成的。在北方,有关人类干预的经验是水流过一定区域受到化学方面的影响,而且主... 详细信息

由于人们逐渐认识到在土地利用和水资源之间存在着密切的相关性,因而对管理方法的后果产生了新兴趣。在北方和南方,对水与土相联系的认识是沿着不同的途径形成的。在北方,有关人类干预的经验是水流过一定区域受到化学方面的影响,而且主要挑战来自温带地区。

关键词：农村水土保持自然资源管理

mapping and understanding degradation of alpine wetlands in the northern maloti-Drakensberg, southern Africa

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Journal of mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 2956-2966页

作者： johan van TOL Department of Soil Crop and Climate SciencesUniversity of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300South Africa

The alpine terrestrials of the maloti-Drakensberg in southern Africa play crucial roles in ecosystem functions and livelihoods,yet they face escalating degradation from various factors including overgrazing and climate *** study employs advanced Digital Soil mapping(DSm)techniques coupled with remote sensing to map and assess wetland coverage and degradation in the northern *** model achieved high accuracies of 96%and 92%for training and validation data,respectively,with Kappa statistics of 0.91 and 0.83,marking a pioneering automated attempt at wetland mapping in this *** attributes such as terrain wetness index(TWI)and valley depth(VD)exhibit significant positive correlations with wetland coverage and erosion gully density,Channel Network Depth and slope were negative *** density analysis revealed terrain attributes as dominant factors driving degradation,highlighting the need to consider catchment-specific susceptibility to *** challenge traditional assumptions which mainly attribute wetland degradation to external forces such as livestock overgrazing,ice rate activity and climate *** sensitivity map produced could serve as a basis for Integrated Catchment management(ICm)projects,facilitating tailored conservation *** research should expand on this work to include other highland areas,explore additional covariates,and categorize wetlands based on hydroperiod and sensitivity to *** comprehensive study underscores the potential of DSm and remote sensing in accurately assessing and managing wetland ecosystems,crucial for sustainable resource management in alpine regions.

关键词： Digital Soil mapping Gully density Integrated catchment management Remote sensing Wetland degradation

全球粮食危机的关键因素——水缺乏(非正式讨论)

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人类环境杂志 1998年第2期27卷 148-154页

作者： malin Falkenmark Jan Lundqvist Sandra Postel johan rockstrm Hillel Shuval Jim Wallace 胡海瑛 Natural Science Research Council SwedenChair Wolf KlohnFAOItaly Linkoping University Sweden Global Water Policy Project U.S.A. johan rockstrom Stockholm UniversitySweden David SecklerIIMISri Lanka Hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel Institute of Hydrology UK

国际水资源协会1997年9月在蒙特利尔召开的第九次世界水大会中举行了一次特别会议,专门讨论了作为世界粮食保障决定性因素的缺水问题。与会专家们十分关注未来全球粮食的供应问题。这些问题引发了在蒙特利尔讨论基础上的进一步对话。

关键词：全球粮食危机缺水粮食产量粮食需求量

Relating estimates of wood properties of birch to stem form, age and species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 1-11页

作者： Grace Jones maria Ulan mateusz Liziniewicz johan Lindeberg Stergios Adamopoulos Teagasc Forestry Development Department Ashtown Research CentreDublin 15 D15DY05Ireland Research Institutes of Sweden(RISE) GoteborgSweden The Forest Research Institute of Sweden(Skogforsk) Ekebo 225026890SvalovSweden Department of Forestry and Wood Technology Linnaeus University35195VaxjoSweden Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 700875007 UppsalaSweden

Birch has long suffered from a lack of active forest management,leading many researchers to use mate-rial without a detailed management *** collected from three birch(Betula pendula Roth,*** Ehrh.)sites in southern Sweden were analyzed using regression analysis to detect any trends or differences in wood proper-ties that could be explained by stand history,tree age and stem *** sites were genetics trials established in the same *** of acoustic velocity(AV)from non-destructive testing(NDT)and predicted AV had a higher correlation if data was pooled across sites and other stem form factors were considered.A subsample of stems had radial profiles of X-ray wood density and ring width by year created,and wood density was related to ring number from the pith and ring *** seemed likely that wood density was negatively related to ring width for both birch *** models had slight improvements if site and species were included,but only the youngest site with trees at age 15 had both birch *** paper indicated that NDT values need to be considered separately,and any predictive models will likely be improved if they are specific to the site and birch species measured.

关键词： Acoustic velocity Non-destructive testing Predictive models Regression analysis Wood density

Thermal Property Enhancement of a Novel Shape-Stabilized Sodium Acetate Trihydrate-Acetamide/Expanded Graphite-Based Composite Phase Change material

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1564-1576页

作者： AN Zhoujian HOU Wenjie DU Xiaoze HUANG Zhongzheng mOmBEKI PEA Hamir johan ZHANG Dong LIU Xiaomin College of Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China Key Laboratory of multi-supply System with Solar Energy and Biomass of Gansu Province Lanzhou730050China Gansu Natural Energy Research Institute Lanzhou730046China

Phase change materials(PCms)are a kind of highly efficient thermal storage materials which have a bright application prospect in many fields such as energy conservation in buildings,waste heat recovery,battery thermal management and so *** inorganic hydrated salt PCms have received increasing attention from researchers due to their advantages of being inexpensive and ***,inorganic hydrated salt PCms are still limited by the aspects of inappropriate phase change temperature,liquid phase leakage,large supercooling and severe phase separation in the application *** this work,sodium acetate trihydrate was selected as the basic inorganic PCm,and a novel shape-stabilized composite phase change material(CPCm)with good thermal properties was prepared by adding various functional *** first,the sodium acetate trihydrate-acetamide binary mixture was prepared and the melting point was adjusted using *** the binary mixture was incorporated into expanded graphite to synthesize a novel shape-stabilized *** thermophysical properties of the resultant shape-stabilized CPCm were systematically *** microscopic morphology and chemical structure of the obtained shape-stabilized CPCm were characterized and *** experiment results pointed out that acetamide could effectively lower the melting point of sodium acetate *** obtained shape-stabilized CPCm modified with additional 18%(mass fraction)acetamide and 12%(mass fraction)expanded graphite exhibited good shape stability and thermophysical characteristics:a low supercooling degree of 1.75℃and an appropriate melting temperature of 40.77℃were obtained;the latent heat of 151.64 kJ/kg and thermal conductivity of 1.411 W/(m·K)were also ***,after 50accelerated melting-freezing cycles,the obtained shape-stabilized CPCm represented good thermal reliability.

关键词： sodium acetate trihydrate melting point modification agent expanded graphite shape stability thermal conductivity enhancement

Exploring well-being disparities between urban and rural areas:A case study in the Stavropol Territory,Russia

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 80-92页

作者： Anastasia CHAPLITSKAYA Wim HEIJmAN johan van OPHEm Agricultural Economics and Rural Policy Group Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen6700 ABNetherlands Department of Foreign Languages Stavropol State Agrarian UniversityStavropol355017Russia Department of Economics Faculty of Economics and ManagementCzech University of Life SciencesPrague16500Czech Urban Economics Group Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen6700 ABNetherlands

Rural areas are crucial for a country’s sustainable *** strategies are needed to develop rural areas to improve the well-being of rural population and generate new job *** is especially important in countries where agricultural production accounts for a significant share of the gross product,such as *** this study,we identified the key indicators of satisfaction and differences between rural and urban citizens based on their social,economic,and environmental backgrounds,and determined whether there are well-being disparities between rural and urban areas in the Stavropol Territory,*** collected primary data through a survey based on the European Social Survey framework to investigate the potential differences between rural and urban *** computing the regional well-being index using principal component analysis,we found that there was no statistically significant difference in well-being between rural and urban *** of key indicators showed that rural residents felt psychologically more comfortable and safer,assessed their family relationships better,and adhered more to traditions and ***,urban residents showed better economic and social conditions(e.g.,infrastructures,medical care,education,and Internet access).The results of this study imply that we can better understand the local needs,advantages,and unique qualities,thereby gaining insight into the effectiveness of government ***-makers and local authorities can consider targeted interventions based on the findings of this study and strive to enhance the well-being of both urban and rural residents.

关键词： Well-being Sustainable development Rural areas Urban areas Principal component analysis(PCA) Russia

New indices to balanceα-diversity against tree size inequality

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 229-237页

作者： Li Zhang Brady K.Quinn Cang Hui meng Lian johan Gielis Jie Gao Peijian Shi College of Ecology and Environment Bamboo Research InstituteNanjing Forestry University159 Longpan RoadNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China Fisheries and Oceans Canada Andrews Biological Station125 Marine Science DriveSt.AndrewsNB E5B 0E4Canada Department of mathematical Sciences Centre for Invasion BiologyStellenbosch UniversityMatieland 7602South Africa mathematical and Physical Biosciences African Institute for Mathematical SciencesCape Town 7945South Africa Department of Biosciences Engineering University of AntwerpB-2020 AntwerpBelgium College of Life Science Xinjiang Normal University102 Xinyi RoadUrumqi 830054People’s Republic of China

The number and composition of species in a community can be quantified withα-diversity indices,including species richness(R),Simpson’s index(D),and the Shannon-Wiener index(H΄).In forest communities,there are large variations in tree size among species and individu-als of the same species,which result in differences in eco-logical processes and ecosystem ***,tree size inequality(TSI)has been largely neglected in studies using the available diversity *** TSI in the diameter at breast height(DBH)data for each of 99920 m×20 m forest census quadrats was quantified using the Gini index(GI),a measure of the inequality of size *** generalized performance equation was used to describe the rotated and right-shifted Lorenz curve of the cumulative proportion of DBH and the cumulative proportion of number of trees per *** also examined the relationships ofα-diversity indices with the GI using correlation *** generalized performance equation effectively described the rotated and right-shifted Lorenz curve of DBH distributions,with most root-mean-square errors(990 out of 999 quadrats)beingmeans that the TSI increased with increasing spe-cies ***,two new indices are proposed that can balanceα-diversity against the extent of TSI in the com-munity:(1−GI)×D,and(1−GI)×H’.These new indices were significantly correlated with the original D and H΄,and did not increase the extent of variation within each group of *** study presents a useful tool for quantifying both species diversity and the variation in tree sizes in forest communities,especially in the face of cumulative species loss under global climate change.

关键词： Diameter at breast height(DBH) Gini index Shannon-Wiener index Simpson’s index Quadrat Tree size

metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir Anders Hagnestål Sagar m.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald F.Becker Jonathan L.Robinson Jens Nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

Editorial for Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence for Art

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machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 1-3页

作者： Luntian mou Feng Gao Zijin Li Jiaying Liu Hongxun Yao johan F.Hoorn Beijing University of Technology China Peking University China Central Conservatory of music China Harbin Institute of Technology China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University China

As an innovative engine for digital content generation,AI-generated content(AIGC)has drawn more and more attention from academic fields as well as *** in the area of art creation,AI has demonstrated its great potential and gained increasing *** are greatly impressed by AI painting,composing,writing,virtual hosting,fashion,and ***,AI is also becoming capable of understanding art,evaluating the aesthetic value of art,and protecting the copyright of art as *** has not only exhibited creativity to some extent,but also served as an enabling tool to discover the principles underneath creativity and imagination,which are traditional challenges for neuroscience,cognitive science,and *** all these promising features of AI for art,we still have to face the many challenges such as the explainability of generative models and the copyright issues of AI art works.

关键词： gained becoming spite