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Tree diversity and nectar composition affect arthropod visitors on extrafloral nectaries in a diversity experiment

journal of plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 201-212页

作者： Michael Staab joel Methorst jan peters Nico Blüthgen Alexandra-Maria Klein Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape EcologyUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacher Straße 479106 FreiburgGermany Institute of Ecology Leuphana University of LüneburgScharnhorststraße 121335 LüneburgGermany Ecological Network Group Department of BiologyTechnical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstraße 1064287 DarmstadtGermany

Aims plants with extrafloral nectaries(EFNs)are common in tropical and subtropical habitats and,despite many other arthropods also forage for EFN,most studies solely focused on the defense mutualisms between EFN plants and *** study aims at a quantitative assessment of the entire arthropod community that visits EFN trees to compare visitor communities between different tree species to disentangle the mechanisms that may drive EFN visitor community *** also test for tree diversity effects on EFN visitors,as it is unknown if local tree species richness relates to the abundance and species richness of arthropods foraging for *** We sampled EFN-visiting arthropods in the experimental tree species richness gradient of the BEF-china Experiment,the currently largest forest diversity experiment in the world,and tested if tree species richness affects EFN visitors and if visitor community composition differs between EFN tree *** a second step,we analyzed the EFN of Ailanthus altissima and Triadica cochinchinensis,the two EFN tree species with highest visitor abundance,for sugars and amino acids(AA)to test if tree species-specific differences in nectar chemistry translate to differing visitor ***,we conducted a choice experiment using different artificial nectar solutions to test if nectar quality affects foraging decisions of ants,the most frequent EFN visitors in our study *** Findings EFN trees in young successional forests in subtropical South-East china are visited by a diverse assemblage of arthropods including ants,beetles,flies,and *** ants accounted for about 75%of all individuals,non-ant visitors were by far more species *** abundance and species richness declined with increasing tree species richness,suggesting a resource dilution effect,because plots with more tree species had proportionally less EFN tree individuals and thus lower nectar *** altissima and ***

关键词： amino acids BEF-china choice experiment formicidae HpLc chemical analysis

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Environmental justice through community-policy participatory partnerships

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journal of Environmental protection 2023年第8期14卷 616-636页

作者： phillip A. Boda Federica Fusi Fabio Miranda Gordon j. M. palmer joel Flax-Hatch Michael Siciliano Apostolis Sambanis Linda johnson Sybil Derrible Michael cailas college of Education University of Illinois Chicago Chicago USA college of Urban planning and public Affairs University of Illinois Chicago Chicago USA college of Engineering University of Illinois Chicago Chicago USA college of public Health University of Illinois Chicago Chicago USA

Geographical information systems (GIS) are often used to design environmental justice (Ej) policy interventions. Leveraging GIS and other graphics, overburdened Ej communities can learn from maps that geographically link environmental burden (EB) and social disparity (SD) data. Visually representing EB and SD data concretizes the unjust distributions of environmental and broader inequitable societal policies. These maps can be used to efficaciously assess Ej disparities created by such policies through exploring socioeconomic characteristics with local communities. Given the great variation in how GIS Ej applications measure and visualize EB and SD, we present a community-based participatory design (cBpD) lens to collaboratively work across overburdened communities and support making Ej data accessible to all stakeholders. Our location proximity approach is a powerful way to assess overburdened Ej communities because it relies on user-predefined boundaries, and it doesn’t use a single fixed unit of reference to prioritize areas of intervention. Moreover, most areal unit applications use ordinal measures, such as percentiles, and multidimensional indexes, which are intelligible to understand by many residents. Leveraging a community-based participatory design methodology, we present our novel proximity to Hazards Dashboard (pHD) that includes data on asphalt plants and industrial corridors, hazards often missing from state-level dashboards but very relevant for city policymaking, as well as more traditionally used environmental hazard sources. The use of the tool by policymakers and community members suggests that Ej categorization should focus less on procedural benchmarks and more on systemic change for policy impacts in ways that sustain the participatory nature of our approach.

关键词： Environmental justice Visualizations community-Based Research

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AccURATE RANGE GATING TEcHNIQUE WITH MODE LOcKED DYE LASERS

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天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版) 1982年第2期 93-101页

作者： jean-claude Diels,joel j.Fontaine North Texas State University University of Louis pasteur

The use of subpicosecond passively mode locked dye lasers, combined with nonlinear detection is shown to open the field of "range gating" to microscopic dimensions. We present a one dimensional application of this tec... 详细信息

关键词： mode AccURATE RANGE GATING TEcHNIQUE WITH MODE LOcKED DYE LASERS

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Exogenous phosphatidic acid reduces acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice by activating hepatic interleukin-6 signaling through inter-organ crosstalk

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Acta pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第12期11卷 3836-3846页

作者： Melissa M.clemens Stefanie Kennon-McGill joel H.Vazquez Owen W.Stephens Erich A.peterson Donald j.johann Felicia D.Allard Eric U.Yee Sandra SMccullough Laura p.james Brian N.Finck Mitchell R.McGill Department of pharmacology and Toxicology College of MedicineUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205USA Interdisciplinary Graduate program in Biomedical Sciences Graduate SchoolUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205USA Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Fay W.Boozman College of Public HealthUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205USA Winthrop p.Rockefeller cancer Institute University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205USA Department of pathology Renaissance School of MedicineStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794USA Department of pediatrics College of MedicineUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR2205USA Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences Department of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA center for Dietary Supplement Research University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205USA

We previously demonstrated that endogenous phosphatidic acid(pA)promotes liver regeneration after acetaminophen(ApAp)***,we hypothesized that exogenous pA is also *** test that,we treated mice with a toxic ApAp dose at 0 h,followed by pA or vehicle(Veh)*** then collected blood and liver at 6,24,and 52 ***-treatment with pA 2 h after ApAp protected against liver injury at 6 h,and the combination of pA and N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAc)reduced injury more than NAc ***,pA did not affect canonical mechanisms of ApAp ***,transcriptomics revealed that pA activated interleukin-6(IL-6)signaling in the *** with that,serum IL-6 and hepatic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3)phosphorylation increased in pA-treated ***,pA failed to protect against ApAp in IL-6-deficient ***,IL-6 expression increased 18-fold in adipose tissue after pA,indicating that adipose is a source of pA-induced circulating ***,however,exogenous pA did not alter regeneration,despite the importance of endogenous pA in liver repair,possibly due to its short *** data demonstrate that exogenous pA is also beneficial in ApAp toxicity and reinforce the protective effects of IL-6 in this model.

关键词： Acute liver injury Acute liver failure Adipokine cytokine Dietary supplement Drug-induced liver injury Hepatotoxicity Lipid

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Schistosoma mansoni proteins attenuate gastrointestinal motility disturbances during experimental colitis in mice

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第6期16卷 703-712页

作者： Nathalie E Ruyssers Benedicte Y De Winter joris G De Man Natacha D Ruyssers Ann j Van Gils Alex Loukas Mark S pearson joel V Weinstock paul A pelckmans Tom G Moreels Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and pediatrics Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of Antwerp Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Queensland Institute of Medical Research 4006 Brisbane Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology Tufts New England Medical Center

AIM:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Schistosoma mansoni(***) soluble worm proteins on gastrointestinal motility disturbances during experimental colitis in mice. METHODS:colitis was induced by intrarectal injection of trinitrobenzene sulphate(TNBS) and 6 h later,mice were treated ip with *** *** were performed 5 d after TNBS *** quantified using validated inflammation parameters. Gastric emptying and geometric center were measured to assess in vivo gastrointestinal *** activity of distal colonic segments was studied in vitro using a modified Trendelenburg *** profiles of T-lymphocytes isolated from the colon were determined by real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS:Intracolonic injection of TNBS caused severe *** with *** proteins significantly ameliorated colonic inflammation after 5 *** did not affect gastric emptying but significantly decreased the geometric center and impaired colonic peristaltic activity 5 d after the induction of *** with *** proteins ameliorated these in vivo and in vitro motility *** addition,TNBS injection caused a downregulation of effector T cell cytokines after 5 d,whereas a *** protein effect was no longer observed at this time point. cONcLUSION:Treatment with *** proteins attenuated intestinal inflammation and ameliorated motility disturbances during murine experimental colitis.

关键词： Schistosoma mansoni Helminth proteins colitis peristalsis crohn’s disease Gastrointestinal motility Trinitrobenzene sulphate

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Relativistic charged stellar modeling with a perfect fluid sphere

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communications in Theoretical physics 2023年第9期75卷 113-121页

作者： joaquin Estevez-Delgado joel Arturo Rodríguez ceballos jorge Mauricio paulin-Fuentes joséVega cabrera Antonio Rendón Romero Facultad de ciencias Físico Matemáticas de la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Edificio BCiudad UniversitariaMorelia MichoacánCP 58040Mexico Facultad de Químico Farmacobiología de la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Tzintzuntzan No.173Col.MatamorosMorelia MichoacánC.P.58240Mexico División Académica de ciencias Básicas de la Universidad juárez Autónoma de Tabasco Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km.1Col.La Esmeralda86690CunduacánTabascoMexico Facultad de Ingenieria Mecanica de la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Edificio W Ciudad UniversitariaCP 58030Morelia MichoacánMexico

In this report we present the generalization of a solution to Einstein's equations with perfect fluid for the case of Einstein–Maxwell with perfect *** effect of the charge is reflected by a parameter,ν,and its interval is determined by the positivity condition from the pressure in the interior of the *** is shown that the solution is stable according to the Zeldovich criteria as well as in relation to the criteria of the adiabatic *** compactness,u=GM/c^(2)R,of this charged model is greater than it is for the chargeless case as a result of the effect of the presence of the *** allows it to represent stars with a high compactness,in particular a graphic analysis is presented for the star SAX j1808.4-3658 with mass M=1.435M_(⊙)and radius R=7.07 *** these data and employing the solution,we obtain that the total maximum charge for the star is Q=2.4085×10^(20)c.

关键词： general relativity exact solutions charged fluid stars models

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crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana HppK/DHpS,a bifunctional enzyme and target of the herbicide asulam

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plant communications 2022年第4期3卷 137-149页

作者： Grishma Vadlamani Kirill V.Sukhoverkov joel Haywood Karen j.Breese Mark F.Fisher Keith A.Stubbs charles S.Bond joshua S.Mylne School of Molecular Sciences The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia The ARc centre of Excellence in plant Energy Biology The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia centre for crop and Disease Management School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin UniversityBentleyWA 6102Australia

Herbicides are vital formodern agriculture,but their utility is threatened by genetic or metabolic resistance in weeds,as well as regulatory *** the known herbicide modes of action,7,8-dihydropterin synthase(DHpS),which is involved in folate biosynthesis,is targeted by just one commercial herbicide,asulam.A mimic of the substrate para-aminobenzoic acid,asulam is chemically similar to sulfonamide antibiotics,and although it is still in widespread use,asulam has faced regulatory *** an entire mode of action represented by just one commercial agrochemical,we sought to improve the understanding of its plant *** we solve a 2.3A°resolution crystal structure for Arabidopsis thaliana DHpS that is conjoined to 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase(HppK),and we reveal a strong structural conservation with bacterial counterparts at the sulfonamide-bindingpocket of *** demonstrate that asulamand the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole have herbicidal as well as antibacterial activity,andwe explore the structural basis of their potency by modeling these compounds in mitochondrial HppK/*** findings suggest limited opportunity for the rational design of plant selectivity fromasulamand indicate that pharmacokinetic or delivery differences between plants andmicrobesmight be the bestways to safeguard thismode of action.

关键词： structural biology folate metabolism mode of action

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费用-效果分析在空间运输决策支持系统中的应用

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上海航天(中英文) 1988年第6期 25-30页

作者： Michael j.Davis ,joel S.Greenberg ,龚惠明

低成本空间运输对保证正常扩大利用空间以及维持所需的地面/空间基地后勤支援是非常重要的.介绍了如何建立空间运输决策支持系统.重点介绍如何在该系统中采用费用-效果分析技术和分析程序.其目的是要提供一种计算机化的决策支持系统,使... 详细信息

低成本空间运输对保证正常扩大利用空间以及维持所需的地面/空间基地后勤支援是非常重要的.介绍了如何建立空间运输决策支持系统.重点介绍如何在该系统中采用费用-效果分析技术和分析程序.其目的是要提供一种计算机化的决策支持系统,使用户能按费用、进度和技术参数等来组成和评审空间运输系统结构.这种系统和用户有很强的交互作用性,能允许用户针对相同的和在变化中的判据来评审/比较多种空间运输系统方案.

关键词：成本管理航天运输成本分析效用

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Diffraction pattern of a Rotated Grating

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journal of Applied Mathematics and physics 2019年第8期7卷 1870-1876页

作者： pirooz Mohazzabi Daniel j. Mattson joel Ambriz ponce jr Department of Mathematics and physics University of Wisconsin-Parkside Kenosha USA

Diffraction patterns of a rotated grating are investigated from both theoretical and experimental points of view. It is shown that as the grating rotates, the angle of deviation of each diffracted line relative to the incident light goes through a minimum, and that the angle between any two successive diffracted lines goes through a minimum value which is the same for all adjacent diffracted lines. It is also shown that the angle between diffraction lines with n=1 and n=-1 is not sensitive to small variations of the grating from being normal to the incident light. Finally, a method is suggested for determining the line distance of a diffraction grating with high accuracy.

关键词： Diffraction pattern Rotated Grating Angle of Deviation

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collinear Libration points in the photogravitational cR3Bp with Zonal Harmonics and potential from a Belt

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International journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第3期5卷 155-165页

作者： jagadish Singh joel john Taura Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Department of Mathematics and computer Science Federal University Kashere Nigeria

We have studied a reformed type of the classic restricted three-body problem where the bigger primary is radiating and the smaller primary is oblate;and they are encompassed by a homogeneous circular cluster of material points centered at the mass center of the system (belt). In this dynamical model, we have derived the equations that govern the motion of the infinitesimal mass under the effects of oblateness up to the zonal harmonics j4 of the smaller primary, radiation of the bigger primary and the gravitational potential generated by the belt. Numerically, we have found that, in addition to the three collinear libration points Li (i = 1, 2, 3) in the classic restricted three-body problem, there appear four more collinear points Lni (i = 1, 2, 3, 4). Ln1 and Ln2 result due to the potential from the belt, while Ln3 and Ln4 are consequences of the oblateness up to the zonal harmonics j4 of the smaller primary. Owing to the mutual effect of all the perturbations, L1 and L3 come nearer to the primaries while Ln3 advances away from the primaries;and L2 and Ln1 tend towards the smaller primary whereas Ln2 and Ln4 draw closer to the bigger primary. The collinear libration points Li (i = 1, 2, 3) and Ln2 are linearly unstable whereas the Ln1, Ln3 and Ln4 are linearly stable. A practical application of this model could be the study of motion of a dust particle near a radiating star and an oblate body surrounded by a belt.

关键词： circular Restricted Three-Body problem photogravitational Zonal Harmonic Effect potential from the Belt

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