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Body Mass Index of North American Participants at the World Masters Games

Journal of Sports Science 2014年第4期2卷 189-194页

作者： Mark DeBeliso Trish Sevene joe walsh Kent J. Adams Jyrki Kettunen Ian T. Heazlewood Mike Climstein Department of Physical Education and Human Performance Southern Utah University Cedar City UT 84720 USA Kinesiology Department California State University Monterey Bay Seaside CA 93955 USA Medical Health and Fitness Clinic Five Dock NSW 2137 A US School of Environmental and Life Sciences Faculty Education Health and Science Charles Darwin University NT 0909 A US Medical Sciences Arcada University of Applied Sciences Helsinki FI-00550 FIN Faculty of Health Science and Medicine Bond University Gold Coast Queensland 4229 A US

WMG （World Masters Games） athletes have either pursued a physically active lifestyle for an extended period of time or have initiated exercise/sport in later life. This unique cohort of middle-aged to older-aged adults remains relatively uninvestigated with regards to various measures of health. With a need for multifaceted solutions to the obesity epidemic, investigating special populations such as those competing in sport at older ages may further the understanding of the nexus between aging, physical activity and obesity. This study aims to investigate the BMI （body mass index） of North American WMG competitors with respect to national health guidelines and demographics. An online survey was utilized to collect demographic information from athletes competing at the Sydney WMG. BMI was derived using the participant＇s height and body mass. A total of 928 （46.7% male, 53.3% female） participants from Canada and the United States （age： 52.6 ± 9.8 years） completed the survey. The top 5 sports in which participants competed were football （25.6%）, track/field （15.4%）, swimming （8.4%）, volleyball （8.2%）, and softball （7.8%）. Female and male BMI （kg/m2） across all sports were：〉 30 （obese： 13.9%）, 25-29.9 （overweight： 34.1%）, 18.5-24.9 （normal： 50.3%）, and 〈18.5 （underweight： 1.7%）. Data indicated that BMI was a health risk factor for 13.9% of the participants and a developing risk factor for 34.1% of the participants. Analysis demonstrated a significantly reduced （P 〈 0.05） classification of obesity of the North American WMG competitors when compared to Canadian and United States national populations. It is believed that adherence to exercise improves indices of general health. A key index of health （obesity） is significantly lower in incidence for North American WMG competitors when compared to Canadian and US populations.

关键词： Masters athletes masters games BMI obesity.

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The Training and Performance of Emergency Physicians as Anesthetists for International Medical Surgical Response Teams: The Emergency Physician’s General Anesthesia Syllabus (EP GAS)

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2014年第2期4卷 53-61页

作者： Richard Skupski Mark walsh Manar Jbara Donald Zimmer Bhavesh M. Patel Michael T. McCurdy James Lantry Braxton Fritz Patrick Davis Harsha Musunuru Anne Newbold Art Toth Richard Frechette Tiffany Alexander Madhura Sundararajan John Lovejoy Dan Hottinger joe Capannari Rachel Kurcz Gerard Bernard Harold Previl Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Services Memorial Hos-pital of South Bend South Bend USA Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Services Memorial Hos-pital of South Bend South Bend USA Sacred Heart Hospital Milot Haiti Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Services Memorial Hos-pital of South Bend South Bend USA St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Services Memorial Hos-pital of South Bend South Bend USA St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti Sacred Heart Hospital Milot Haiti Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Services Memorial Hos-pital of South Bend South Bend USA St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti Mayo Clinic—Emergency Medicine Residency Program Rochester USA Sacred Heart Hospital Milot Haiti St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore USA St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore USA. St. Damien and St. Luc’s Hospital Port au Prince Haiti Mayo Clinic—Critical Care Medicine Scottsdale USA

Background: The availability of an anesthesiologist is often a limiting factor in the number of operations that can be performed by International Medical Surgical Response Teams (IMSuRT). Because emergency physicians (EPs) possess skills in airway control, management of moderate and deep sedation, and ventilator management, we propose that with proper training in general anesthesia, EPs can serve as anesthetists for IMSuRT with anesthesiologist supervision. Methods: During a 10-week period, a board-certified EP administered general anesthesia to 60 patients prior to a surgical medical mission trip. The breakdown of surgical cases was: 11 orthopedic, 2 genitourinary, 20 ear, nose, and throat, 8 obstetrics and gynecological, 13 general surgery, and 6 vascular. A simplified protocol for induction, maintenance, and emergence was adhered to for all cases. Results: Fourteen orthopedic cases using general anesthesia were performed in a one-week period in Haiti. These cases involved open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), hemiarthoplasty, hardware removal, tendon transfer and external fixation of fractured bone. Conclusion: We demonstrate the feasibility of a model curriculum to train EPs in the basics of anesthesia. The EP can safely and effectively deliver general anesthesia for major cases on surgical medical mission trips under the auspices of an anesthesiologist in an austere environment.

关键词： Emergency Physicians General Anesthesia Syllabus International Medical Surgical Response Teams Anesthetists Induction Maintenance Emergence Anesthesia

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