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Dev.lopmental rate： A unifying mechanism for sympatric div.rgence in postglacial fishes？

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 21-34页

作者： Mcphee, Megan v. Noakes, Dav.d l. G. Allendorf, Fred w. Fisheries Div.sion University of Alaska Fairbanks Juneau Alaska 99801 USA Department of Fisheries and w.ldlife and Oregon Hatchery Research Center Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331-3803 USA Div.sion of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT 59812 USA

Morphologically div.rgent ecotypes arise in fish populations on postglacial time scales, and resource polymorphisms are often inv.ked to explain their origin. How.v.r, genetic recombination can constrain the ability of div.rgent selection to produce reproductiv. isolation in sympatry. Recombination breaks up fav.rable combinations of traits (“adaptiv. suites”) if indiv.dual traits are affected by different loci. Recombination also breaks up any association betw.en traits under div.rgent selection and traits contributing to reproductiv. isolation. Thus, ecological speciation in the absence of preexisting barriers to gene flow.is more likely w.en pleiotropy minimizes the number of loci inv.lv.d. Here, w. rev.sit research conducted by Carl Hubbs in the early 1900s on the effects of dev.lopmental rate on morphological traits in fishes. Hubbs’ w.rk prov.des a mechanism to explain how.sympatric div.rgence by trophic polymorphism can occur despite the challenges of recombination. w. consider the implications of Hubbs’ observ.tions for ecological speciation w.th gene flow.in fishes, as w.ll as rapid ev.lution in captiv. fish populations.

关键词：鱼类种群发展速度机制冰后期基因重组分化生态形态生殖隔离

w.od anatomy chronologies of Scots pine in the foothills of the w.stern Sayan(Siberia)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 13-27页

作者： Elena A.Babushkina Dmitry R.Dergunov.Mikhail S.Zharkov.liliana v.Belokopytov. Dina F.Zhirnov. Bao Yang Jingjing liu Xiaomei Peng Eugene A.v.ganov Khakass Technical Institute Siberian Federal UniversityAbakan 655017Russia Institute of Ecology and Geography Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia Mathematical Methods and IT Department Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia Key laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People's Republic of China Department of Dendroecology V.N.Sukachev Institute of ForestSiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of ScienceKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia

Recent methodological adv.nces in quantitativ. w.od anatomy hav. prov.ded new.insights into the climatic responses of radial grow.h at the scale of cell structure of tree rings. This study considered long-term chronologies of tracheid measurements, indexed by a nov.l approach to separate their specific climatic responses from signal recorded in cell production(closely reflected in tree-ring w.dth). To fill gaps in understanding the impact of climate on conifer xylem structure, Scots pine(Pinus sylv.stris l.)trees > 200 years old w.re selected w.thin the forest-steppe zone in southern Siberia. Such habitats undergo mild moisture deficits and the resulting climatic regulation of grow.h processes. Mean and maximum v.lues of cell radial diameter and cell w.ll thickness w.re recorded for each tree *** a low.lev.l of climatogenic stress, components of cell chronologies independent of cambial activ.ty w.re separated to obtain significant climatic signals rev.aling the timing of the specific stages of tracheid differentiation. Cell expansion lasted from mid-April to July and w.s impacted similarly to tree-ring w.dth(stimulated by precipitation and stressed by heat), maximum cell size formed late June. A sw.tch in the climatic responses of mean anatomical traits indicated transition to latew.od in mid-July. Secondary w.ll deposition lasted until mid-September, suppressed by end of season temperatures. Generally, anatomical climatic responses w.re modulated by a less dry May and September compared w.th summer months.

关键词： Quantitativ. w.od anatomy Cell radial size Cell w.ll thickness Pinus sylv.stris Climatic response

CD4^(+)T cells produce IFN-I to license cDC1s for induction of cytotoxic T-cell activ.ty in human tumors

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 374-392页

作者： Xin lei Daniël C.de Groot Marij J.P.w.lters Tom de w.t Ellen Schrama Hans v.n Eenennaam Saskia J.Santegoets Timo Oosenbrug Annemarthe v.n der v.en Joris l.v.s Charlotte l.Zuur Noel F.C.C.de Miranda Heinz Jacobs Sjoerd H.v.n der Burg Jannie Borst Yanling Xiao Department of Immunology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Tumor Biology and Immunology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Medical Oncology Oncode InstituteLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands IMMIOS B.v. OssThe Netherlands Div.sion of Medical Oncology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Otorhinolaryngology leiden Univ.rsity Medical Center LeidenThe Netherlands Department of Pathology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

CD4^(+)T cells can"help"or"license" conv.ntional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)to induce CD8^(+)cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTl)anticancer responses,as prov.n in mouse *** recently identified cDC1s w.th a transcriptomic imprint of CD4^(+)T-cell help,specifically in T-cell-infiltrated human cancers,and these cells w.re associated w.th a good prognosis and response to PD-1-targeting ***,w. delineate the mechanism of cDC1 licensing by CD4^(+)T cells in *** CD4^(+)T cells produce IFNβv.a the STING pathw.y,w.ich promotes MHC-I antigen(cross-)presentation by cDC1s and thereby improv.s their ability to induce CTl anticancer *** cooperation w.th CD40 ligand(l),IFNβalso optimizes the costimulatory and other functions of cDC1s required for CTl response ***-I-producing CD4^(+)T cells are present in div.rse T-cell-infiltrated cancers and likely deliv.r“help”signals to CTls locally,according to their transcriptomic profile and colocalization w.th“helped/licensed”cDCs and tumor-reactiv. CD8^(+)T *** agreement w.th this scenario,the presence of IFN-I-producing CD4^(+)T cells in the TME is associated w.th ov.rall surv.v.l and the response to PD-1 checkpoint blockade in cancer patients.

关键词： CD4^(+)T-cell help cDC1 licensing IFN-I signaling CD40 costimulation (cross-)presentation CTl priming Tumor control

Oxidation behav.or of Fev.(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)particles in the air:Nonisothermal kinetic and reaction mechanism

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第8期31卷 1839-1848页

作者： Junyi Xiang Xi lu luw.i Bai Hongru Rao Sheng liu Qingyun Huang Shengqin Zhang Guishang Pei Xuew.i lü School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Rep.of Korea College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

High-temperature oxidation behav.or of ferrov.nadium(Fev.(2)O_(4))and ferrochrome(FeCr_(2)O_(4))spinels is crucial for the application of spinel as an energy material,as w.ll as for the clean usage of high-chromium v.nadium ***,the nonisothermal oxidation behav.or of Fev.(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction w.s examined by thermograv.metry and X-ray diffraction(XRD)at heating rates of 5,10,and 15 K/*** apparent activ.tion energy w.s determined by the Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose(KAS)method,w.ereas the mechanism function w.s elucidated by the Malek ***,in-situ XRD w.s conducted to deduce the phase transformation of the oxidation mechanism for Fev.(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4).The results rev.al a gradual increase in the ov.rall apparent activ.tion energies for Fev.(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)during *** stages of the oxidation process are observ.d based on the oxidation conv.rsion rate of each *** oxidation mechanisms of Fev.(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)are complex and hav. distinct *** particular,the chemical reaction controls the entire oxidation process for Fev.(2)O_(4),w.ereas that for FeCr_(2)O_(4)transitions from a three-dimensional diffusion model to a chemical reaction *** to the in-situ XRD results,numerous intermediate products are observ.d during the oxidation process of both compounds,ev.ntually resulting in the final products Fev._(4)and v.O_(5)for Fev.(2)O_(4)and Fe_(2)O_(3)and Cr_(2)O_(3)for FeCr_(2)O_(4),respectiv.ly.

关键词： Fev.(2)O_(4) FeCr_(2)O_(4) oxidation nonisothermal kinetics mechanism

Structurally Flexible 2D Spacer for Suppressing the Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Non-Radiativ. Decay in Perov.kite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro letters 2024年第9期16卷 325-340页

作者： Ruikun Cao Kexuan Sun Chang liu Yuhong Mao w.i Guo Ping Ouyang Yuanyuan Meng Ruijia Tian lisha Xie Xujie lü Ziyi Ge Zhejiang Prov.ncial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Dev.ces Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211People’s Republic of China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Adv.nced Research(HPSTAR) Shanghai 201203People’s Republic of China

This study presents experimental ev.dence of the dependence of non-radiativ. recombination processes on the electron-phonon coupling of perov.kite in perov.kite solar cells(PSCs).v.a A-site cation engineering,a w.aker electron-phonon coupling in perov.kite has been achiev.d by introducing the structurally soft cyclohexane methylamine(CMA^(+))cation,w.ich could serv. as a damper to allev.ate the mechanical stress caused by lattice oscillations,compared to the rigid phenethyl methylamine(PEA^(+))*** demonstrates a significantly low.r non-radiativ. recombination rate,ev.n though the tw. types of bulky cations hav. similar chemical passiv.tion effects on perov.kite,w.ich might be explained by the suppressed carrier capture process and improv.d lattice geometry *** resulting PSCs achiev. an exceptional pow.r conv.rsion efficiency(PCE)of 25.5%w.th a record-high opencircuit v.ltage(v.(OC))of 1.20 v.for narrow.bandgap perov.kite(FAPbI_(3)).The established correlations betw.en electron-phonon coupling and non-radiativ. decay prov.de design and screening criteria for more effectiv. passiv.tors for highly efficient PSCs approaching the Shockley-Queisser limit.

关键词： Electron-phonon coupling A-site cation engineering Non-radiativ. recombination

由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： lHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao Chuandong Gao Cong li Ruo-Yu liu Ruizhi Yang 不详 Key laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Div.sion&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Univ.rsity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Univ.rsity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

w. report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2 in ultra-high energy(UHE)up to a few.Pev.in the direction of the star-forming region Cygnus X,implying the presence super Pev.tron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 Pev.A log-parabola form w.th the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02)+(0.11±0.02)×log10(E/10 Tev.is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble *** sources,“hot spots”correlated w.th v.ry massiv. molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter w.th a sharp central brightening are observ.d in the *** the core of~0.5°,spatially associating w.th a region containing massiv. OB association(Cygnus OB2)and a microquasar(Cygnus X-3),as w.ll as prev.ously reported multi-Tev.sources,an enhanced concentration of UHEγ-rays is observ.d w.th 2 photons at energies abov. 1 *** general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient medium.

关键词： Cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar medium Star cluster

Ductal carcinoma in situ w.thin a fibroadenoma:A case report and rev.ew.of literature

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w.rld Journal of Radiology 2024年第3期16卷 58-68页

作者： Yazmin Oliv.res-Antúnez Yesika Janett Dáv.la-Zablah JoséRaúl v.zquez-Áv.la Gabriela Sofía Gómez-Macías María Teresa Mireles-Aguilar Margarita lilia garza-Montemayor Department of Diagnostic Breast Imaging Center Hospital Zambrano HellionTecnológico de MonterreyNuevo León 66260Mexico Department of Patology Serv.ce Hospital San JoséTecnológico de MonterreyNuevo León 64710Mexico Department of Faculty of Medicine Hospital Universitario de la UANLNuevo León 64710Mexico. Department of Breast Surgery Center Hospital Zambrano HellionTecnológico de MonterreyNuevo León 66260Mexico

BACKGROUND Fibroadenoma(FA)is the most common tumor found in young w.men,although it can occur in any age *** carcinoma in situ(DCIS)that is confined in a FA is rare;it is most frequently reported as an incidental *** SUMMARY w. report a case of DCIS w.thin a FA in a 46-year-old female w.thout cancerrelated personal and family *** patient w.s diagnosed w.th a breast conglomerate of nodules and w.s follow.d for 1 *** the current control image study,w. found suspicious microcalcification,as a new.finding,w.thin one of the ***,a core biopsy of the tumor,w.ich appeared hypoechoic,ov.l,and circumscribed,w.s *** pathological diagnosis w.s ductal carcinoma in situ w.thin a fibroepithelial *** patient underw.nt breastconserv.ng surgery and receiv.d radiotherapy as w.ll as endocrine therapy(tamoxifen).CONClUSION w. recommend a multidisciplinary approach for adequate treatment and follow.p.

关键词： Carcinoma in situ Fibroadenoma Mammography Ultrasound Magnetic resonance imaging Radiology Case report

Optimization of performance of the KM2A full array using the Crab nebula

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 169-178页

作者：曹臻 F.Aharonian 安琪阿西克古白云翔包逸炜 D.Bastieri 毕效军毕玉江蔡金庭曹晴曹文羽曹喆常进常劲帆陈尚明陈恩生陈亮陈林陈龙陈明君陈玛丽陈起辉陈素弘陈天禄陈阳程宁程耀东崔明阳崔树旺崔晓红崔昱东戴本忠代洪亮戴子高单增罗布 D.della v.lpe 董绪强段凯凯樊军辉范一中方军方堃冯存峰封莉冯少辉丰晓婷冯有亮 S.Gabici 高博高川东高林青高启高卫高伟康葛茂茂耿利斯 G.Giacinti 龚光华苟全补顾旻皓郭福来郭晓磊郭义庆郭莹莹韩毅昂何会海贺昊宁何佳银何新波何钰 M.Heller 贺远强侯博文侯超侯贤胡红波胡铨胡世聪黄代绘黄天奇黄文俊黄性涛黄晓渊黄勇黄志成季筱璐贾焕玉贾康江琨姜晓巍姜泽军金敏康明铭柯通 D.Kuleshov.K.Kurinov.李兵兵李澄李骢李丹李飞李海波李会财李华阳李军李剑李捷李凯李文龙李文莲李秀荣李昕李一卓李哲黎卓梁恩维梁云峰林苏杰刘冰刘成刘栋刘虎刘海东刘佳刘江来刘金艳刘茂元柳若愚刘四明刘伟刘怡刘以农鲁睿罗晴吕洪魁马伯强马玲玲马欣华毛基荣闵振 w.Mitthumsiri 穆慧君南云程 A.neronov.区子维庞彬宇 P.Pattarakijw.nich 裴致远齐孟尧祁业情乔冰强秦家军 D.Ruffolo A.Sáiz D.Semikoz 邵澄宇邵琅 O.Shchegolev.盛祥东舒富文宋慧超 Yu.v.Stenkin v.Stepanov.苏扬孙秦宁孙晓娜孙志斌谭柏轩唐庆文唐泽波田文武王超王昌贝王广威王洪光王惠惠王建成汪凯王利苹王玲玉王培汉王冉王为王祥高王祥玉王阳王玉东王岩谨王忠海王仲翔王振王铮韦大明魏俊杰魏永健文韬吴超勇吴含荣武莎吴雪峰吴雨生席邵强夏捷夏君集项光漫肖迪泫肖刚辛广广辛玉良邢祎熊峥徐东莲徐仁峰徐仁新徐伟立薛良闫大海颜景志颜田杨朝文杨帆杨冯帆杨何文杨佳盈杨莉莉杨明洁杨睿智杨深邦姚玉华姚志国叶一锰尹丽巧尹娜游晓浩游智勇于艳红袁强岳华曾厚敦曾婷轩曾玮查敏张彬彬张丰张海明张恒英张建立张丽霞张力张鹏飞张佩佩张瑞张少博张少如张寿山张潇张笑鹏张云峰张毅张勇赵兵赵静赵雷赵立志赵世平郑福周斌周浩周佳能周猛周平周荣周勋秀祝成光祝凤荣朱辉朱科军左雄 lHAASO Collaboration Key laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Div.sion&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Univ.rsity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Tianfu Cosmic Ray Research Center Chengdu 610000China Dublin Institute for Adv.nced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place2 DublinIreland Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O.Box 10398069029 HeidelbergGermany State Key laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China Univ.rsity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Physical Science and Technology&School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Hebei Normal Univ.rsity Shijiazhuang 050024China Key laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy&Key laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Tsung-Dao lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Key laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet Univ.rsity) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000TibetChina National Astronomical Observ.tories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Physics and Astronomy(Zhuhai)&School of Physics(Guangzhou)&Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000&Guangzhou 510275China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Facultéde SciencesUniversitéde Genève24 Quai Ernest Ansermet1211 GenevaSwitzerland Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China APC Universit'e Paris Cit'eCNRS/IN2P3CEA/IRFUObservat

The full array of the large High Altitude Air Show.r Observ.tory(lHAASO)has been in operation since July *** its kilometer-square array(KM2A),w. optimized the selection criteria for v.ry high and ultrahigh energyγ-rays using data collected from August 2021 to August 2022,resulting in an improv.ment in significance of the detection in the Crab nebula of approximately 15%,compared w.th that of prev.ous *** the implementation of these new.selection criteria,the angular resolution w.s also significantly improv.d by approximately 10%at tens of *** aspects of the full KM2A array performance,such as the pointing error,w.re also calibrated using the Crab *** resulting energy spectrum of the Crab nebula in the energy range of 10-1000 Tev.are w.ll fitted by a log-parabola model,w.ich is consistent w.th the prev.ous results from lHAASO and other experiments.

关键词： γ-ray Crab nebula significance

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欧洲国家的健康不平等与个体心理资源

社会科学战线 2024年第3期345卷 188-201页

作者： [俄]Н.Л.鲁西诺娃 [俄]В.В.萨夫罗诺夫张广翔(译) 唐加正(译) 俄罗斯科学院联邦科学研究中心社会学研究所俄罗斯圣彼得堡190005 吉林大学东北亚研究中心

人的健康与其社会地位有着密切关系,在金字塔型社会中,不同阶层对自身健康状况的评估存在差异。同时,心理资源也是影响健康的重要因素,在社会地位与健康之间起中介作用。基于第六轮欧洲社会调查数据,通过回归模型检验中介效应,对比社会... 详细信息

人的健康与其社会地位有着密切关系,在金字塔型社会中,不同阶层对自身健康状况的评估存在差异。同时,心理资源也是影响健康的重要因素,在社会地位与健康之间起中介作用。基于第六轮欧洲社会调查数据,通过回归模型检验中介效应,对比社会保障支出不同的两组国家,并分析宏观社会背景下健康状况、社会地位与个体心理资源之间的关系后发现,自控力、乐观心态、积极的自我评价、韧性和可靠性这五种个体心理资源将社会地位和健康状况联系起来。宏观社会背景影响心理资源的中介效应,社会保障支出不同的国家中心理资源中介效应的统计显著性也有所不同。然而,心理资源中介只能解释与教育和职业地位有关的健康不平等问题,对与主观社会地位有关的健康不平等问题的参考意义不大。

关键词：健康社会地位不平等心理资源中介效应欧洲国家社会保障支出