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The Drought of Amazonia in 2023-2024

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 567-597页

作者： Jose A. marengo Ana P. Cunha Jhan-Carlo Espinoza Rong Fu Jochen Schöngart Juan C. Jimenez mabel C. Costa joao m. Ribeiro Sly Wongchuig Siyu Zhao National Center for monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters/CEmADEN So Jos dos Campos Brazil UNESP/CEmADEN So Jos dos Campos Brazil Graduate School of International Studies Korea University Seoul South Korea Institut des Gosciences de lEnvironnement (IGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Dvelopement (IRD) Saint Martin dHeres France Instituto de Investigacin sobre la Enseanza de las matemticas (IREm PUCP) Pontificia Universidad Catlica del Per Lima Peru Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Departament of Environmental Dynamics Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaznia (INPA) Manaus Brazil Global Change Unit (GCU) of the Image Processing Laboratory (IPL) Universitat de Valncia Estudi General (UVEG) Paterna Spain Laboratoire dEtudes en Gophysique et Ocanographie Spatiales (LEGOS) Universit de Toulouse CNES/CNRS/IRD/UT3 Toulouse France

The Amazon basin has experienced an extreme drought that started in the austral summer of 2022-23 and extends into 2024. This drought started earlier than other previous droughts. Although some rain fell during the austral summer, totals remained below average. Higher temperatures during austral winter and spring 2023, which affected most of Central South America, then aggravated drought conditions. This coincided with an intense El Niño and abnormally warm tropical North Atlantic Ocean temperatures since mid-2023. Decreased rainfall across the Amazon basin, negative anomalies in evapotranspiration (derived from latent heat) and soil moisture indicators, as well as increased temperatures during the dry-to-wet transition season, September-October-November (SON) 2023, combined to delay the onset of the wet season in the hydrological year 2023-24 by nearly two months and caused it to be uncharacteristically weak. SON 2023 registered a precipitation deficit of the order of 50 to 100 mm/month, and temperatures +3˚C higher than usual in Amazonia, leading to reduced evapotranspiration and soil moisture indicators. These processes, in turn, determined an exceptionally late onset and a lengthening of the dry season, affecting the 2023-2024 hydrological year. These changes were aggravated by a heat wave from June to December 2023. Drought-heat compound events and their consequences are the most critical natural threats to society. River levels reached record lows, or dried up completely, affecting Amazonian ecosystems. Increased risk of wildfires is another concern exacerbated by these conditions.

关键词： El Niño SST in the Tropical Atlantic Amazon Drought River Levels Heatwave Dry Season Length

Arlenea delicata *** ***.,a new ephedroid plant from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation,Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 362-371页

作者： Alita maria Neves Ribeiro Yong Yang Antonio Alamo Feitosa Saraiva Renan Alfredo machado Bantim joao Tavares Calixto Junior Flaviana Jorge de Lima Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Diversidade Biologica e Recursos Naturais Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the Environment159 Longpan RoadNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Laboratorio de Paleontologia Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Laboratorio de Estudos da Flora Regional Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Gondwanan Plants Lab Universidade Federal de PernambucoCentro Academico de VitoriaRua Do Alto Reservatorio S/nBela Vista55608-680Vitoria de Santo AntaoPernambucoBrazil Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Geociencias(PPGEOC) Universidade Federal de Pernambuco(UFPE)Rua Av.da ArquiteturaS/n°CEP-50740-550Cidade UniversitariaRecifePernambucoBrazil

Ephedroid macrofossils have been widely documented in Cretaceous deposits,including numerous from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of NE ***,few ephedroid macrofossils have been reported from South ***,we describe a new plant of the family Ephedraceae,Arlenea delicata *** ***.,from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of the Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil,based on the vegetative and reproductive *** has the typical morphological characteristics of ephedroid plants,including fertile reproductive branches,opposite phyllotaxy,terminal female cones,a sympodial branching system,longitudinally striated internodes,and swollen *** new finding is unusual in having inner chlamydosperms subtended by two pairs of bracts,reproductive units connected to branches through swollen receptacles and a smooth seed *** new ephedroid taxon from the Crato Formation increases our understanding of plant diversity of this group during the Early ***,the general morphology(fleshy bracts and enlarged receptacles)of this new fossil discovery indicates that seeds of this plant may have been dispersed by animals such as pterosaurs(mainly the Tapejaridae)and birds(Enantiornithes and Ornituromorpha).If true,this would explain the cosmopolitan distribution of Ephedraceae in the Lower Cretaceous.

关键词： Early Cretaceous Gnetophytes Arlenea delicata Ephedrales Crato Formation

mULTIOBJECTIVE ROUTING IN mULTISERVICE mPLS NETWORKS WITH TRAFFIC SPLITTING-A NETWORK FLOW APPROACH

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2015年第4期24卷 389-432页

作者： Rita Girao-Silva Jose Craveirinha joao Climaco m.Eugenia Captivo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Coimbra Polo ⅡPinhal de Marrocos P-3030-290 Coimbra Portugal Institute of Computers and Systems Engineering of Coimbra(INESC-Coimbra)R.Antero de Quental 199 P-3000-033 Coimbra Portugal Centro de Investigacao Operacional Faculdade de CienciasUniversidade de Lisboa Campo GrandeBloco C6Piso 4 P-1749-016 Lisboa Portugal

A multiobjective routing model for multiprotocol Label Switching networks with multiple service types and traffic splitting is presented in this paper. The routing problem is formulated as a multiobjective mixed-integer program, where the considered objectives are the minimization of the bandwidth routing cost and the minimization of the load cost in the network links with a constraint on the maximal splitting of traffic trunks. Two different exact methods are developed for solving the formulated problem, one based on the classical constraint method and another based on a modified constraint method. A very extensive experimental study, with results on network performance measures in various reference test networks and in randomly generated networks, is also presented and its results are discussed.

关键词： Routing models multiobjective optimization telecommunication networks network flowapproach traffic splitting

Confirmation of a Sub-Saturn-size Transiting Exoplanet Orbiting a G Dwarf:TOI-1194 b and a Very Low mass Companion Star: TOI-1251 B from TESS

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 129-143页

作者： Jia-Qi Wang Xiao-Jun Jiang Jie Zheng Hanna Kellermann Arno Riffeser Liang Wang Karen A.Collins Allyson Bieryla Lars A.Buchhave Steve B.Howell Elise Furlan Eric Girardin joao Gregorio Eric Jensen Felipe murgas mesut Yilmaz Sam Quinn Xing Gao Ruo-Yu Zhou Frank Grupp Hui-Juan Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy Of SciencesBeijing 10010China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China University Observatory munich Scheinertrsse 1.D-81679 MunichGemany max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Giessenbachstr.1D-85748 GarchingGermany National Astronomical Observatories/Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210042China CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&TechnologyNanjing 210042China Center for Astrophysics Harvard&Smithsonian60 Garden Street.CambridgeMA 02138USA National Space Institute Technical University of DenmarkElektrovejDK-2800 KgsLyngbyDenmark NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA 94035USA NASA Exoplanet Science Institute Caltech/IPACMail Code 100-221200 E.California Blvd.PasadenaCA91125USA Grand Pra Observatory Switzerland Department of Physics Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130.USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Swarthmore CollegeSwarthmorePA 19081USA Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(IAC) E-38205 La Laguna.TenerifeSpain Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La LagunaSpain Dept.of Astronomy and Space Sciences Ankara UniversityTandogan 06100AnkaraTurkey Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Urumqi No.1 Senior High School Urumqi 830002China Lijiang Gemini Observatory Lijiang 674199China

We report the confirmation of a sub-Saturn-size exoplanet,TOI-1194 b,with a mass of about 0.456+0.055-0.051m_(J),and a very low mass companion star with a mass of about 96.5±1.5 mJ,TOI-1251 *** candidates provided by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite(TESS)are suitable for further follow-up observations by ground-based telescopes with small and medium *** analysis is performed based on data from several telescopes worldwide,including telescopes in the Sino-German multiband photometric campaign,which aimed at confirming TESS Objects of Interest(TOIs)using ground-based small-aperture and medium-aperture telescopes,especially for long-period ***-1194 b is confirmed based on the consistent periodic transit depths from the multiband photometric *** measure an orbital period of 2.310644±0.000001 days,the radius is 0.767+0.045-0.041RJ and the amplitude of the RV curve is 69.4_(-7.3)^(+7.9)m s^(-1).TOI-1251 B is confirmed based on the multiband photometric and high-resolution spectroscopic data,whose orbital period is 5.963054+0.000002-0.000001days,radius is 0.947+0.035-0.033 R_(J) and amplitude of the RV curve is 9849_(-40)^(+42)ms^(-1).

关键词： planets and satellites fundamental parameters-planets and satellites gaseous planets-stars fundamental parameters-stars low-mass-methods data analysis-techniques photometric-techniques spectroscopic

Tunable Super-Structured Fiber Bragg Gratings with Perfect Sequences Based on m-Sequence

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2017年第4期15卷 358-363页

作者： joao S.Pereira marco P.m.Ferreira marko Gasparovic Instituto de Telecomunicacoes Lisboa 1049-001 Portugal Institute Polytechnic of Leiria Leiria 2411-901 Portugal Centro de Investigaao em Informaica e Comunicacoes Institute Polytechnic of Leiria Leiria 2411-901Portugal

Recently, a tunable fiber Bragg grating(FBG) was developed by using stress-responsive colloidal crystals. In this paper, we have simulated the application of these nanoparticles into the super-structured fiber Bragg grating(SSFBG) written with perfect sequences derived from a short maximal-length sequence. A tunable SSFBG will be available to overcome the prohibitive temperature variation of the optical codecs. Nevertheless,we presented a method to implement coherent time spreading optical code-division multiple-access(OCDmA) where a unique code(or perfect sequence) can be reused and mixed with different wavelengths to obtain a tunable wavelength-division multiplexing(WDm)system. In order to maximize the binary throughput, we have selected a unique short maximal-length sequence composed of 7 chips that can be tuned with 7 different optical wavelengths. We found thousands of different tunable combinations that presented power contrast ratios(P/C) higher than 12 dB. When a WDm-OCDmA system used 2 different combinations simultaneously, the perfect binary detection with error correction codes was achieved successfully. The tunable SSFBG with colloidal crystals will be a simple and good alternative choice for fiber-to-the-home(FTTH) communications.

关键词： Optical code-division multiple-access(OCDmA) super-structured fiber Bragg grating(SSFBG) wavelength-division multiplexing OCDmA(WDm-OCDmA)

Assessing tree crown fire damage integrating linear spectral mixture analysis and supervised machine learning on Sentinel-2 imagery

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 3162-3198页

作者： Giandomenico De Luca Giuseppe modica joao m.N.Silva Salvatore Praticò Josém.C.Pereira Dipartimento di Agrari1 Universitàdegli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabri1Reggio Calabri1Italy Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie Universitàdegli Studi di Messin1Messin1Italy Forest Research Centre School of AgricultureUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal

Crown fire damage is a mixture of three principal fire-related components:charred material,scorched foliage,and unaltered green *** study estimated the abundance of these physical alterations in two immediate post-fire mediterranean forest contexts(Portugal and Italy)by applying linear spectral mixture analysis(LSmA)on Sentinel-2 *** tree crowns fire damage was subsequently mapped,integrating fractional abundance information in a random forest(RF)algorithm,comparing the accuracy resulting from the adoption of generic or image spectral libraries as the primary investigative *** image-derived endmembers resulted in more effectiveness in terms of fire-related components abundance quantification(LmSAderived RmSEmembers or image endmembers derived information was *** environmental heterogeneity of the two study areas affected the fire severity gradients,with a prevalence of the charred(PT)(45–46%)and green class(IT)(44–53%).Post-fire temporal monitoring was initialized by applying the proposed strategies,and the preliminary results showed a positive recovery trend in forest vegetation from the first year following the fire event,with a reduced charcoal predominance and an increasing proportion of green components.

关键词： Post-fire assessment fire severity post-fire vegetation recovery random forest(RF) scikit-learn fraction image extraction spectral unmixing endmembers crown fire damage mapping fully constrained least squares pixel purity index

Structural Determinants of a Typical Leucine-Rich Repeat Protein

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第1期13卷 238-255页

作者： joao m.martins Rui m.Ramos Irina S.moreira REQUImTE/Departamento de Quımica Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do PortoRua do Campo Alegre 6874169-007 Porto-Portugal

The structural and functional description of protein-protein complexes and their comprehension is a key concept,not only to increase the scientific knowledge in basic terms but also for the application to the biomedical and pharmaceutical *** binding association between proteins is nowadays attribute to a few key residues at the interface–the *** complex between the RNase inhibitor(RI)and RNaseA protein provides an excellent system to study the role of the functional epitope as it is essential in various molecular recognition processes and constitute one of the tightest complexes *** energetic pattern of the interface is accomplished by computational alanine scanning mutagenesis and a dynamical characterization is accomplished by a detailed study of the molecular dynamical simulations.A special emphasis is given to the role of solvation across the interface and the shielding of warm-and hot-spots from water.

关键词： Structural determinant protein-protein association molecular dynamic simulation mutagenesis protocol

Indirect printing of hierarchical patient-specific scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2019年第4期2卷 225-241页

作者： joao BCosta Joana Silva-Correia Sandra Pina Alain da Silva morais Sílvia Vieira Hélder Pereira joao Espregueira-mendes Rui LReis Joaquim m.Oliveira B′s Research Group I3Bs-Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 Barco GmrPortugal ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/GuimaraesPortugal The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision medicine Headquarters at University of MinhoAvepark4805-017 BarcoGuimar'sPortugal Ripoll y De Prado Sports Clinic:murcia-madrid FIFA medical Centre of Excellence MurciaSpain Orthopedic Department Centro Hospitalar Póvoa de Varzim Vila do CondePortugal Clínica do Dragao Espregueira-Mendes Sports CentreFIFA Medical Centre of ExcellencePortoPortugal Dom Henrique Research Centre PortoPortugal Orthopedic Department University of MinhoBragaPortugal

The complex meniscus tissue plays a critical role in the knee. The high susceptibility to injury has led to an intense pursuit for better tissue engineering regenerative strategies, where scaffolds play a major role. In this study, indirect printed hierarchical multilayered sca ffolds composed by a silk fibroin (SF) upper layer and an 80/20 (w/w) ratio of SF/ionic-doped β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) bottom layer were developed. Furthermore, a comparative analysis between two types of sca ffolds pro- duced using di fferent SF concentrations, i.e., 8% (w/v) (Hi8) and 16% (w/v) (Hi16) was performed. In terms of architecture and morphology, the produced sca ffolds presented homogeneous porosity in both layers and no di fferences were observed when comparing both sca ffolds. A decrease in terms of mechanical performance of the sca ffolds was observed when SF concentration decreased from 16 to 8% (w/v). Hi16 revealed a static compressive modulus of 0.66 ± 0.05 mPa and dynamical mechanical properties ranging from 2.17 ± 0.25 to 3.19 ± 0.38 mPa. By its turn, Hi8 presented a compressive modulus of 0.27 ± 0.08 mPa and dynamical mechanical properties ranging from 1.03 ± 0.08 mPa to 1.56 ± 0.13 mPa. In vitro bioactivity studies showed formation of apatite crystals onto the surface of Hi8 and Hi16 bottom layers. Human meniscus cells (hmCs) and human primary osteoblasts were cultured separately onto the top layer (SF8 and SF16) and bottom layer (SF8/TCP and SF16/TCP) of the hierarchical sca ffolds Hi8 and Hi16, respectively. Both cell types showed good adhesion and proliferation as denoted by the live/dead staining, Alamar Blue assay and DNA quanti fication analysis. Subcutaneous implantation in mice revealed weak in flammation and sca ffold’s integrity. The hierarchical indirect printed SF sca ffolds can be promising candidate for meniscus TE sca ffolding applications due their suitable mechanical properties, good biological performance and possibility of being applied in a patie

关键词： Patient-specific Indirect printing Hierarchical Silk fibroin Enzymatic-cross-linking meniscus

A multi-scale modelling framework to guide management of plant invasions in a transboundary context

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Forest Ecosystems 2016年第4期3卷 297-310页

作者： joao martins David m.Richardson Renato Henriques Elizabete marchante Hélia marchante Paulo Alves mirijam Gaertner joao P.Honrado Joana R.Vicente InBIO/CIBIO-Centro de Investigacao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos Universidade do Porto-Campus Agrario de VairaoRua Padre Armando Quintasn°74485-661 VairaoPortugal Centre for Invasion Biology Department of Botany and ZoologyStellenbosch UniversityMatieland 7602South Africa Institute of Earth Sciences(ICT/University of minho/CCT) MinhoPortugal Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Coimbra3000-456 CoimbraPortugal Departamento de Ambiente Escola Superior Agraria de CoimbraInstituto Politecnico de CoimbraBencanta3045-601 CoimbraPortugal Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto Ediffcio FC4(Biologia)Rua do Campo Alegres/n4169-007 PortoPortugal Environmental Resource management Department Westlake Conservation OfficeOu Kaapse WegTokai7966 City of Cape TownSouth Africa

Background：Attention has recently been drawn to the issue of transboundary invasions,where species introduced and naturalized in one country cross international borders and become problematic in neighbouring *** modelling frameworks,able to identify the environmental drivers of invasion and forecast the current and future potential distribution of invasive species,are needed to study and manage *** due to the lack of species distribution and environmental data,or assumptions of modelling tools,often constrain the reliability of model ***：We present a multiscale spatial modelling framework for transboundary invasions,incorporating robust modelling frameworks（multimodel Inference and Ensemble modelling） to overcome some of the *** framework is illustrated using Hakea sericea Schrad.（Proteaceae）,a shrub or small tree native to Australia and invasive in several regions of the world,including the Iberian *** study scales were considered：regional scale（western Iberia,including mainland Portugal and Galicia） and local scale（northwest Portugal）.At the regional scale,the relative importance of environmental predictors sets was evaluated and ranked to determine the main general drivers for the species distribution,while the importance of each environmental predictor was assessed at the local *** potential distribution of *** was spatially projected for both scale ***：model projections for western Iberia suggest that a large area is environmentally suitable in both Portugal and *** and landscape composition sets were the most important determinants of this regional distribution of the ***,a geological predictor（schist lithology） was more important in explaining its local-scale ***：After being introduced to Portugal,*** has become a transboundary invader by expanding in parts of Galicia（Spain）.The fact that a larger area is predicted as

关键词： Drivers of invasion Hakea sericea multimodel inference Transboundary invasion management Species distribution models