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A Review of FPGA-Based Custom Computing Architecture for Convolutional Neural Network Inference

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2021年第1期30卷 1-17页

作者： PENG Xiyuan YU Jinxiang YAO bowen LIU Liansheng PENG Yu School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

Convolutional neural network(CNN)has been widely adopted in many tasks. Its inference process is usually applied on edge devices where the computing resources and power consumption are *** present, the performance of general processors cannot meet the requirement for CNN models with high computation complexity and large number of parameters. Field-programmable gate array(FPGA)-based custom computing architecture is a promising solution to further enhance the CNN inference *** software/hardware co-design can effectively reduce the computing overhead, and improve the inference performance while ensuring accuracy. In this paper, the mainstream methods of CNN structure design, hardwareoriented model compression and FPGA-based custom architecture design are summarized, and the improvement of CNN inference performance is demonstrated through an example. Challenges and possible research directions in the future are concluded to foster research efforts in this domain.

关键词： inference mechanisms computing resources hardware-oriented model compression CNN structure design computing overhead convolutional neural nets electronic engineering computing field-programmable gate array-based custom computing architecture computation complexity FPGA-based custom computing architecture design computational complexity convolutional neural network inference CNN inference performance power consumption field programmable gate arrays

Nano storage-boxes constructed by the vertical growth of moS_(2 )on graphene for high-performance Li-S batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第3期31卷 91-99,I0004页

作者： bowen Cui Xiaomin Cai Wenqiang Wang Petr Saha Gengchao Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric materials Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical NanomaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Centre of Polymer Systems University InstituteTomas Bata UniversityTř.T.Bati 5678Zlin 76001ZlínCzech Republic

In order to accelerate the reaction kinetics of lithium-sulfur batteries, the introduction of electro catalysis and proper structural control of the sulfur cathode is urgently needed. moS_(2) nano sheets was selectively grown vertically (V-moS_(2)) on the microwave-reduced graphene (rGO) sheets through chemical coupling to construct a self-supporting sulfur cathode with a nano storage-box structure (V-moS_(2) as the wall and rGO as the bottom). RGO, which has a high conductivity of 37 S cm^(−1), greatly accelerates the transfer of electrons from the active sites on the edge of the layer to the solution. The introduction of carbon tubes can connect the abundant pores in the foam and act as a long-range conductive path. The 2D-orthogonal-2D structure maximally exposes the edge active sites of moS_(2), and together with graphene form a nano reactor of sulfur, intermediate lithium polysulfides and discharge product Li_(2)S(2). The effective combination of the microstructure confinement of the nano storage-boxes and the efficient synchronous catalytic mechanism of V-moS_(2) greatly improves the electrochemical performance of the lithium-sulfur batteries. As a result, the assembled lithium-sulfur battery displays a high initial discharge capacity of 1379 mAh g^(−1), good cycle stability (86% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 0.1C) and superior rate performance.

关键词： Edge-rich moS_(2) Nano boxes Catalytic conversion Lithium-sulfur batteries

Rational design of hollow oxygen deficiency-enriched NiFe_(2)O_(4)@N/rGO as bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第3期30卷 595-603页

作者： Lei Cao Zhenhuan Li Kunmei Su maliang Zhang bowen Cheng State Key Laboratory of Separation membranes and membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation membranes School of Materials Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Environment Science and Chemistry Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300160China

Bimetallic metal organic framework(mOF)as a precursor to prepare catalysts with bifunctional catalytic activity of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)attracts more and more ***,hollow oxygen deficiency-enriched NiFe_(2)O_(4) is synthesized by pyrolytic FeNi bimetallic *** defects of rGO during carbonization can act as nucleation sites for FeNi *** nucleation and N doping,the FeNi particles were served as catalysts for the deposition of dissolved carbon in the defects of the N/*** deposited carbon,like a bridge,connect N/rGO and hollow oxygen deficiency-enriched NiFe_(2)O_(4) together,which giving full play to the advantages of N/rGO in fast electron transfer,thereby improving its catalytic *** resultant NiFe_(2)O_(4)@N/rGO-800 exhibits a low overpotential of 252 mV at 20 mA cm^(-2) for OER and 157 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2) for HER in 1 m KOH,*** used as bifunctional electrodes for overall water splitting,it also shows low cell voltage of 1.60 V and 1.67 V at 10 and 20 mA cm^(-2),respectively.

关键词： Oxygen deficiency Hollow NiFe_(2)O_(4) N/rGO Bifunctional electrocatalyst Overall water splitting

The role of p53 in developmental syndromes

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Journal of molecular Cell Biology 2019年第3期11卷 200-211页

作者： margot E.bowen Laura D.Attardi Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology in the Department of Radiation Oncology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Genetics Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305USA

While it is well appreciated that loss of the p53 tumor suppressor protein promotes cancer,growing evidence indicates that increased p53 activity underlies the developmental defects in a wide range of genetic *** inherited or de novo mutations that cause these syndromes affect diverse cellular processes,such as ribosome biogenesis,DNA repair,and centriole duplication,and analysis of human patient samples and mouse models demonstrates that disrupting these cellular processes can activate the p53 ***,many of the developmental defects in mouse models of these syndromes can be rescued by loss of p53,indicating that inappropriate p53 activation directly contributes to their pathogenesis.A role for p53 in driving developmental defects is further supported by the observation that mouse strains with broad p53 hyperactivation,due to mutations affecting p53 pathway components,display a host of tissue-specific developmental defects,including hematopoietic,neuronal,craniofacial,cardiovascular,and pigmentation ***,germline activating mutations in TP53 were recently identified in two human patients exhibiting bone marrow failure and other developmental *** in mice suggest that p53 drives developmental defects by inducing apoptosis,restraining proliferation,or modulating other developmental programs in a cell type-dependent ***,we review the growing body of evidence from mouse models that implicates p53 as a driver of tissue-specific developmental defects in diverse genetic syndromes.

关键词： p53 mdm2 development embryo congenital defect syndrome genetic disorder

mechanical Properties and Evolution of microstructure of Cement Stabilized Loess

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Journal of Renewable materials 2022年第12期10卷 3611-3627页

作者： Kangze Yuan Kui Liu Guoyang Yi bowen Yang College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an UniversityXi'anChina China Information Industry Engineering Investigation and Research Institute Xi'anChina School of Civil Engineering Chang'an UniversityXianChina

Cement Stabilized Loess(CSL)sample has a long history as a method of improving building *** this paper,the main physical(specific gravity,consistency limit,optimum moisture content,and maximum dry den-sity)and mechanical properties(Unconfined Compressive Strength(UCS)and shear strength par ameters)of CSL samples with different cement content were inves tigated,and the change reasons were exp lored by mean of SEm ***,quantitative analysis sofware Image Pro Plus(IPP)6.0 was used to characterize the microstruc-tural evolution of pores in compacted loess and CSL *** the cement content increased,the specific gravity and optimum water content in the CSL samples increased and the liquid limit and maximum dry density *** plastic limit exhibits an increase followed by a decrease,with the plasticity index changing in the opposite *** UCS and shear strengths of the CSL samples increased with increa sing cement con-tent,and the USC and cement content was better ftted using the Asymptotic model under the same curing *** growth rate of the UCS and shear strength parameters were significantly reduced at cement contents above 2%.The results of Scanning Hlectron microscopy(SEm)showed that the structure of the CSL samples was denser and had no obvious inter-aggregate ***,compared to compacted loess,produced C-S-H gel and *** analysis of compacted loess and CSL sample by IPP *** to compacted loess,the average pore diameter and average pore area of the CSL sample decreased from 12.44μm and 229.04 μm^(2) to 8.72 μm and 84.68μm^(2),a reduction of 29.9% and 63.0%,*** pore shape tends to fatten,but there is basically no efet on the pore angle ***,a systematic description of the phy-sicochemical reactions occurring during the formation of the CSL sample structure was made,and a schematic diagram of the formation of the CSL sample structure was created.

关键词： Strength pores SEm structure formation quantitative analysis

Development of radiation countermeasure agents for acute radiation syndromes

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Animal models and Experimental medicine 2023年第4期6卷 329-336页

作者： bowen Guan Deguan Li Aimin meng National Human Diseases Animal model Resource Center NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative MedicineBeijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical DiseasesInstitute of Laboratory Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)National Center of Technology Innovation for Animal ModelBeijingChina Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation medicine and molecular Nuclear medicine Institute of Radiation MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencePeking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina

The risk of internal and external exposure to ionizing radiation(IR)has increased alongside the development and implementation of nuclear ***,serious security issues have emerged globally,and there has been an increase in the number of studies focusing on radiological prevention and medical *** drugs are particularly important components of emergency medical preparedness strategies for the clinical management of IR-induced ***,a few drugs have been approved to date to treat such injuries,and the related mechanisms are not entirely ***,the aim of the present review was to provide a brief overview of the World Health Organization's updated list of essential medicines for 2023 for the proper management of national stockpiles and the treatment of radiological *** review also discusses the types of radiation-induced health injuries and the related mechanisms,as well as the development of various radioprotective agents,including Chinese herbal medicines,for which significant survival benefits have been demonstrated in animal models of acute radiation syndrome.

关键词： Chinese herbal medicines essential medicines list ionizing radiation radiation countermeasure agents radiation injury

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中国区域电离层实时建模与分析

测绘工程 2025年第1期34卷 22-29,38页

作者：段博文白征东陈巧云清华大学土木工程系北京100084

电离层延迟是全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)中的一个主要误差来源。为了改正电离层误差,一些GNSS应用如单频精密单点定位(PPP)和非差非组合PPP依赖于全球电离层模型(GIm)产品。然而,目前可用GIm产品的发布时间存在延迟,不适用于实时GNSS应用... 详细信息

电离层延迟是全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)中的一个主要误差来源。为了改正电离层误差,一些GNSS应用如单频精密单点定位(PPP)和非差非组合PPP依赖于全球电离层模型(GIm)产品。然而,目前可用GIm产品的发布时间存在延迟,不适用于实时GNSS应用。为了解决这个问题,文中提出一种基于卡尔曼滤波(KF)的实时电离层建模方法,并基于中国区域116个连续运行参考站(CORS)的观测数据,生成中国区域的实时区域电离层模型(RT-RIm)。此外,由于伪距差分码偏差(DCB)与电离层延迟存在强耦合关系,还对BDS-2/3、GPS和Galileo系统的DCB进行估计。结果统计分析表明,模型输出的垂直总电子含量(VTEC)与中国科学院(CAS)的最终GIm产品一致性较好,二者差异的RmS小于2 TECU;将VTEC投影为斜向总电子含量(STEC)后,与PPP估计结果偏差的RmS在0.2~0.8 m;模型输出的卫星DCB与CAS快速产品的偏差RmS小于0.8 ns,以上结果表明本文模型具有较好的精度,能够精细描述中国区域电离层VTEC的时空变化。

关键词：电离层延迟全球卫星导航系统全球电离层模型区域电离层模型差分码偏差

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Bifunctional LiI additive for poly(ethylene oxide)electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and stable interfacial chemistry

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 218-224,I0007页

作者： Haonan Wang Tianyi Hou Hang Cheng bowen Jiang Henghui Xu Yunhui Huang School of materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430000HubeiChina

The development of polymer-based solid-state batteries is severely limited by the low ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolyte and the instable interface between polymer electrolyte and Li-metal *** this work,lithium iodide(LiI)as a bifunctional additive was introduced into the poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based electrolyte to improve the ionic conductivity and to construct a stable interphase at the Li/PEO interface.I-anions offer a strong electrostatic interaction with hydrogen atoms on PEO chains(HPEO)and forming massive I–H bonds that cross-link PEO chains,decrease crystallinity of PEO,and thus improve Li~+interchain *** addition,LiI participates in the formation of an inorganic-rich interphase layer,which decreases the energy barrier of Li+transport across the interface and thus inhibits the growth of lithium *** a result,the composite PEO electrolyte with 2 wt%LiI(PEO-2 LiI)presents a very high ionic conductivity of 2.1×10^(-4) S cm-1 and a critical current density of 2.0 m A cm^(-2) at 45°*** symmetric cell with this PEO-2 LiI electrolyte exhibits a long-term cyclability over 600 h at 0.2 m A cm^(-2).Furthermore,solid-state LiFePO_(4) and LiNi_(0.8)mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2) batteries with the PEO-2 LiI electrolyte show an impressive electrochemical performance with outstanding cycling stability and rate capability at 45°C.

关键词： Solid-state battery LiI Electrostatic interaction Crystallinity Interface

Evaluation of the intracellular lipid-lowering effect of polyphenols extract from highland barley in HepG2 cells

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 454-461页

作者： Yijun Yao Zhifang Li bowen Qin Xingrong Ju Lifeng Wang College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Centre for modern Grain Circulation and Safety Nanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjing 210023China

Active ingredients from highland barley have received considerable attention as natural products for developing treatments and dietary supplements against *** practical application,the research of food combinations is more significant than a specific food *** study investigated the lipid-lowering effect of highland barley polyphenols via lipase assay in vitro and HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid(OA).Five indexes,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(T-CHO),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),were used to evaluate the lipidlowering effect of highland barley *** also preliminary studied the lipid-lowering mechanism by Realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR).The results indicated that highland barley extract contains many components with lipid-lowering effects,such as hyperoside and *** vitro,the lipase assay showed an 18.4%lipase inhibition rate when the additive contents of highland barley extract were 100μg/m *** intracellular lipid-lowering effect of highland barley extract was examined using 0.25 mmol/L OA-induced HepG2 *** results showed that intracellular TG,LDL-C,and T-CHO content decreased by 34.4%,51.2%,and 18.4%,*** and AST decreased by 51.6%and 20.7%compared with the untreated hyperlipidemic HepG2 cells.q PCR results showed that highland barley polyphenols could up-regulation the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes such as PPARγand Fabp4.

关键词： Highland barley Polyphenols extract Lipid-lowering effect HepG2 cells