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The LEGUE input catalog for dark night observing in the LAMOST pilot survey

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第7期12卷 781-791页

作者： Fan Yang Jeffrey L. Carlin Chao Liu Yue-Yang Zhang Shuang Gao Yan Xu Li-Cai Deng Heidi jo Newberg Sebastien Lepine Jin-Liang Hou Xiao-Wei Liu norbert Christlieb Hao-Tong Zhang Hsu-Tai Lee Kai-Ke Pan Zhan-Wen Han Hong-Chi Wang Key Lab for Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy ofSciences Beijing 100012 China fyang@*** Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Physics Applied Physics-and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 1108th Street Troy NY 12180 USA American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th Street New York NY 10024USA Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 China Department of Astronomy & Kavli Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBe~iing 100871 China University of Heidelberg Landessternwarte K6nigstuhl 12 D-69117 Heidelberg Germany Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica EO. Box 23-14 I Taipei 106 China Apache Point Observatory EO. Box 59 Sunspot NM 88349 USA Yunnan Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 2100-08 China

We outline the design of the dark nights portion of the LAMOST Pilot Survey, which began observations in 2011 October. In particular, we focus on Milky Way stellar candidates that are targeted for the LEGUE （LAMOST Experiment for Galactic Understanding and Exploration） survey. We discuss the regions of sky in which spectroscopic candidates were selected, and the motivations for selecting each of these sky areas. Some limitations due to the unique design of the telescope are discussed, including the requirement that a bright （V 〈 8） star be placed at the center of each plate for wavefront sensing and active optics corrections. The target selection categories and scientific goals motivating them are briefly discussed, followed by a detailed overview of how these selection functions were implemented. We illustrate the difference between the overall input catalog - Sloan Digital Sky Survey （SDSS） photometry - and the final targets selected for LAMOST observations.

关键词： surveys: LAMOST -- Galaxy: halo -- techniques: spectroscopic

The LEGUE high latitude bright survey design for the LAMOST pilot survey

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第7期12卷 792-804页

作者： Yue-Yang Zhang Jeffrey L. Carlin Fan Yang Chao Liu Li-Cai Deng Heidi jo Newberg Hao-Tong Zhang Sebastien Lepine Yan Xu Shuang Gao norbert Chfi' stlieb Zhan-Wen Han Jin-Liang Hou Hsu-Tai Lee Xiao-Wei Liu Kai-Ke Pan Hong-Chi Wang Key Lab for Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy ofSciences Beijing 100012 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Astrophysics Division of Physical Sciences American Museum of NaturalHistory Central Park West at 79th Street New York NY 10024 USA Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 1108th Street Troy NY 12180 USA carlij@rpi.edu University of Heidelberg Landesstemwarte K6nigstuhl 12 D-69117 Heidelberg Germany Yunnan Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 65()011 China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shangthai 200030 China Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica EO. Box 23-141 Taipei 106 China Department of Astronomy & Kavli Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 China Apache Point Observatory PO Box 59 Sunspot NM 88349 USA Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

We describe the footprint and input catalog for bright nights in the LAMOST Pilot Survey, which began in October 2011. Targets are selected from two stripes in the north and south Galactic Cap regions, centered at δ = 29°, with 10° width in declination, covering right ascensions of 135° to 290° and -30° to 30° re- spectively. We selected spectroscopic targets from a combination of the SDSS and 2MASS point source catalogs. The catalog of stars defining the field centers （as re- quired by the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor at the center of the LAMOST field） consists of all V 〈 8m stars from the Hipparcos catalog. We employ a statistical selection algorithm that assigns priorities to targets based on their positions in mul- tidimensional color/magnitude space. This scheme overemphasizes rare objects and de-emphasizes more populated regions of magnitude and color phase space, while en- suring a smooth, well-understood selection function. A demonstration of plate design is presented based on the Shack-Hartmann star catalog and an input catalog that was generated by our target selection routines.

关键词： surveys: LAMOST -- techniques: spectroscopic -- Galaxy: stellar con-tent

The site conditions of the Guo Shou Jing Telescope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第7期12卷 772-780页

作者： Song Yao Chao Liu Hao-Tong Zhang Li-Cai Deng Heidi jo Newberg Yue-Yang Zhang Jing Li Nian Liu Xu Zhou Jeffrey L. Carlin Li Chen norbert Christlieb Shuang Gao Zhan-Wen Han Jin-Liang Hou Hsu-Tai Lee Xiao-Wei Liu Kai-Ke Pan Hong-Chi Wang Yan Xu Fan Yang Key Lab of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 1108th Street Troy NY 12180 USA : School of Physics and Electronic Information China West Normal University Nanchong 637000 China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 China Center for Astronomy University of Heidelberg Landesstemwarte K6nigstuhl 12 D-69117Heidelberg Germany Yunnan Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica P.O. Box 23-141 Taipei i06 China Department of Astronomy & Kavli Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 China Apache Point Observatory PO Box 59 Sunspot NM 88349 USA Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

The weather at the Xinglong Observing Station, where the Guo Shou Jing Telescope （GSJT） is located, is strongly affected by the monsoon climate in north- east China. The LAMOST survey strategy is constrained by these weather patterns. We present statistics on observing hours from 2004 to 2007, and the sky brightness, seeing, and sky transparency from 1995 to 2011 at the site. We investigate effects of the site conditions on the survey plan. Operable hours each month show a strong cor- relation with season： on average there are eight operable hours per night available in December, but only one-two hours in July and August. The seeing and the sky trans- parency also vary with season. Although the seeing is worse in windy winters, and the atmospheric extinction is worse in the spring and summer, the site is adequate for the proposed scientific program of the LAMOST survey. With a Monte Carlo simulation using historical data on the site condition, we find that the available observation hours constrain the survey footprint from 22h to 16h in right ascension; the sky brightness allows LAMOST to obtain a limiting magnitude of V = 19.5 mag with S/N= 10.

关键词： telescopes - site testing - surveys

The LEGUE disk targets for LAMOST's pilot survey

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第7期12卷 805-812页

作者： Li Chen Jin-Liang Hou Jin-Cheng Yu Chao Liu Li-Cai Deng Heidi jo Newberg Jeffrey L. Carlin Fan Yang Yue-Yang Zhang Shi-Yin Shen Hao-Tong Zhang Jian-Jun Chen Yu-Qin Chen norbert Christlieb Zhan-Wen Han Hsu-Tai Lee Xiao-Wei Liu Kai-Ke Pan Jian-Rong Shi Hong-Chi Wang Zi Zhu Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 Chinat Key Lab for Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy ofSciences Beijing 100012 China Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 1108th Street Troy NY 12180 USA Center for Astronomy University of Heidelberg Landessternwarte K6nigstuhl 12 D-69117Heidelberg Germany Yunnan Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica E O. Box 23-141 Taipei 106 China Department of Astronomy & Kavli Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeiiing 100875 China Apache Point Observatory PO Box 59 Sunspot NM 88349 USA Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China

We describe the target selection algorithm for the low latitude disk por- tion of the LAMOST Pilot Survey, which aims to test systems in preparation for the LAMOST spectroscopic survey. We use the PPMXL astrometric catalog, which provides positions, proper motions, B/R/I magnitudes （mostly） from USNO-B and d/H/Ks from the Two Micron All Sky Survey （2MASS） as well. We chose eight plates along the Galactic plane, in the region 0° 〈 α° 〈 67° and 42° 〈 δ 〈 59°, which cover 22 known open clusters with a range of ages. Adjacent plates may have some small overlapping area. Each plate covers an area of 2.5° in radius, with its cen- tral star （for the Shack-Hartmann guider） brighter than 8th magnitude. For each plate, we create an input catalog in the magnitude range 11.3 〈 Imag 〈 16.3 and Bmag available from PPMXL. The stars are selected to satisfy the requirements of the fiber positioning system and have a uniform distribution in the I vs. B - I color-magnitude diagram. Our final input catalog consists of 12 000 objects on each of eight plates that are observable during the winter observing season from the Xinglong Station of the National Astronomical Observatory of China.

关键词： disk: Milky Way - stars: spectroscopy -- survey: pilot

An algorithm for preferential selection of spectroscopic targets in LEGUE

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第7期12卷 755-771页

作者： Jeffrey L. Carlin Sebastien Lepine Heidi jo Newberg Li-Cai Deng Timothy C. Beers Yu-Qin Chen norbert Christlie Xiao-Ting Fu Shuang Gao Carl J. Grillmair PuragraGuhathakurta Zhan-Wen Han Jin-Liang Hou Hsu-Tai Lee Jing Li Chao Liu Xiao-Wei Liu Kai-Ke Pan J. A. Sellwood Hong-Chi Wang Fan Yang Brian Yanny Yue-Yang Zhan Zheng Zheng Zi Zhu Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180 USA carlij@rpi.edu Department of Astrophysics American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79thStreet New York NY 10024 USA City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10016 USA National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China National Optical Astronomy Observatory Tucson AZ 85719 USA Center for Astronomy University of Heidelberg Landesstemwarte Ktinigstuhl 12 D-69117Heidelberg Germany Spitzer Science Center 1200 E. California Blvd. Pasadena CA 91125 USA JCO/Lick Observatory Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of CaliforniaSanta Cruz CA 95064 USA Yunnan Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanglai 200030 China Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica EO. Box 23-141 Taipei 106 China Department of Astronomy & Kavli institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100875 China Apache Point Observatory PO Box 59 Sunspot NM 88349 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers University 136 Frelinghuysen RoadPiscataway NJ 08854-8019 USA Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory EO. Box 500 Batavia IL 60510 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA Department of Astronomy Nanjing University Nanjing 210011 China

We describe a general target selection algorithm that is applicable to any survey in which the number of available candidates is much larger than the number of objects to be observed. This routine aims to achieve a balance between a smoothly- varying, well-understood selection function and the desire to preferentially select cer- tain types of targets. Some target-selection examples are shown that illustrate differentpossibilities of emphasis functions. Although it is generally applicable, the algorithm was developed specifically for the LAMOST Experiment for Galactic Understanding and Exploration （LEGUE） survey that will be carried out using the Chinese Guo Shou Jing Telescope. In particular, this algorithm was designed for the portion of LEGUE targeting the Galactic halo, in which we attempt to balance a variety of science goals that require stars at fainter magnitudes than can be completely sampled by LAMOST. This algorithm has been implemented for the halo portion of the LAMOST pilot sur- vey, which began in October 2011.

关键词： surveys: LAMOST -- Galaxy: halo -- techniques: spectroscopic

血清β2-MG、sfas、IL-16等检测对HIV感染／AIDS病期观察的横断面研究

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血清β2-MG、sfas、IL-16等检测对HIV感染／AIDS病期观察的横断面...

血清β2-MG、sfas、IL-16等检测对HIV感染/AIDS病期观察的横断面研究

2005年浙江省感染病、肝病学术会议

作者：饶和平吴南屏 norbert Brockmeyer 衢州学院医学系浙江大学医学院附属第一医院传染病研究所德国鲁尔大学jo Sef艾滋病研究中心

艾滋病是一种难治的慢性传染病,全球艾滋病感染人数3940万人,中国现有艾滋病病毒感染者近84万人,艾滋病患者约8万例。由于没有有效的疫苗可以使用,也没有找到可以根治的药物,临床如何观察病情与控制其发展,是人们日益关注的课题。目前... 详细信息

艾滋病是一种难治的慢性传染病,全球艾滋病感染人数3940万人,中国现有艾滋病病毒感染者近84万人,艾滋病患者约8万例。由于没有有效的疫苗可以使用,也没有找到可以根治的药物,临床如何观察病情与控制其发展,是人们日益关注的课题。目前已有的CD4+T淋巴细胞检测和检测病毒载量可作为病情观察用,但由于检测要求高,难以在基层医院开展。血清sfas、β-MG、IL-16检

关键词： HIV IL-16 横断面研究

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血清β2-MG、sfas、IL-16等检测对HIV感染/AIDS病期观察的横断面...