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A New Method for the Aging Evaluation of Oil-Paper Insulation Using η-Butanol and Methanol

CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 717-726页

作者： Jianyi wang Yuanxiang zhou Jun Liu Zhaowei wang Song Bai Jiayu Lu Department of High Voltage China Electric Power Research InstituteBeijing 100192China State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection Beijing 100192China Electrical Engineering Department Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Solar Storage Division of State Key Lab of Power System and Generation Equipment School of Electrical EngineeringXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830047China State Grid Wuwei Electric Power Supply Company Wuwei 733000China

To improve the accuracy and efficiency of the aging life prediction and assessment of transformer oil-paper insulation,and to make up for the deficiencies of traditional characterizers,such as 2-furfural,carbon monoxide,and carbon dioxide,a method for the simultaneous determination of methanol,ethanol,n−propanol,and η-butanol in oil with a single injection is established by headspace-gas chromatography-mass *** measured results show that the determination limits of the four alcohol characterizers can be controlled to 10μg/kg *** on this method,the change patterns of the above four alcohols with thermal aging time and degree of polymerization are obtained through thermal aging experimental ***,η-propanol,and η-butanol in oil indicate nearly linear correlations with thermal aging time and degree of polymerization,similar to that of *** analyzing 52 sets of measured data of 500 kV EHV transformers in operation,η-butanol is found to have excellent performance,and a new method to evaluate the aging state of oil-paper insulation employing η-butanol and methanol is proposed along with the aging attention value *** measured data of 500 kV EHV transformers in operation indicate that the combination of η-butanol and methanol as the preferred characterizers can effectively compensate for the shortcoming of traditional characterizers in the early stages of aging,and the feasibility of the method is *** possible pathways for the generation of η-butanol by cellulose cleavage during the aging of oil-paper are proposed from the chemical structure of cellulose.

关键词： Aging characterization determination method methanol η-butanol oil-paper insulation 500 kV transformers

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Performance Assessment and Improvement of Photovoltaic-Thermal System based on Energy,Exergy,Economic and Environment Analysis

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第6期33卷 2166-2178页

作者： zhou Yuan wang Jiangjiang QIN Yanbo LIU Boxiang Hebei Key Laboratory of Low Carbon and High Efficiency Power Generation Technology North China Electric Power University

A photovoltaic thermal（PV/T） system with parallel cooling channels was designed in this work to decrease the PV panel temperature and improve its photoelectric conversion efficiency.A 4E analysis method（includes energy,exergy,economic,and environmental aspects） was formulated to comprehensively evaluate the performances of the PV/T system,combining experimental and simulation ***,the experiment was performed using water as the cooling *** show that the PV/T system can reduce daily CO2emissions by 1682.47-1705.98 g,and compared to the PV system,the added cooling module can increase electrical efficiency and environmental performance by 12.19% and 6.2%,*** the mass flow of water rose from 0.017 kg/s to 0.023 kg/s,the electrical,thermal,and overall efficiencies were improved by 3.82%,11.36%,and 8.27%,***,a numerical simulation model was constructed based on the experimental results to predict operations of the presented PV/T system using nanofluids as the cooling medium,including Ag,Al2O3,and *** results show that the Al2O3-nanofluid-based PV/T system has a higher application value,enabling an electrical efficiency of up to 15.13%.Its thermal efficiency can be enhanced by5.43% when the volume fraction of Al2O3increases from 1% to 5%.

关键词： 4E analysis method nanofluid numerical analysis parallel cooling channels photovoltaic/thermal system

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Numerical design of an efficient Ho^(3+)-doped InF3 fiber laser at~3.2μm

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第3期22卷 35-46页

作者： Shi-Yuan zhou Hong-Yu Luo Ya-zhou wang Yong Liu State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China DTU Electro Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby2800Denmark

In this work,we theoretically unlock the potential of Ho^(3+)-doped InF3 fiber for efficient~3.2μm laser generation(from the 5F4,5S2→5F5 transition),by employing a novel dual-wavelength pumping scheme at 1150 nm and 980 nm,for the first *** clad-coupled 1150 nm pumping of 5 W,~3.2μm power of 3.6 W has been predicted with the optical-to-optical efficiency of 14.4%.Further efficient power scaling,however,is blocked by the output saturation with 980 nm *** alleviate this behavior,the cascaded 5I5→5I6 transition,targeting~3.9μm,has been activated simultaneously,therefore accelerating the population circulation between the laser upper level 5F4,5S2 and long-lived 5I6 level under 980 nm *** a result,enhanced~3.2μm power of 4.68 W has been obtained with optical-to-optical efficiency of 15.6%.Meanwhile the~3.9μm laser,yielding power of 2.76 W with optical-to-optical efficiency of 9.2%,is theoretically achievable as well with a moderate heat load,of which the performance is even better than the prior experimentally and theoretically reported Ho^(3+)-doped InF3 fiber lasers emitting at~3.9μm *** work demonstrates a versatile platform for laser generation at~3.2μm and~3.9μm,thus providing the new opportunities for many potential applications,e.g.,polymer processing,infrared countermeasures,and free-space communications.

关键词： Cascaded Fiber laser Holmium Mid-infrared

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Feature-Grounded Single-Stage Text-to-Image Generation

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 469-480页

作者： Yuan zhou Peng wang Lei Xiang Haofeng Zhang School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Recently,Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)have become the mainstream text-to-image(T2I)***,a standard normal distribution noise of inputs cannot provide sufficient information to synthesize an image that approaches the ground-truth image ***,the multistage generation strategy results in complex T2I ***,this study proposes a novel feature-grounded single-stage T2I model,which considers the“real”distribution learned from training images as one input and introduces a worst-case-optimized similarity measure into the loss function to enhance the model's generation *** results on two benchmark datasets demonstrate the competitive performance of the proposed model in terms of the Frechet inception distance and inception score compared to those of some classical and state-of-the-art models,showing the improved similarities among the generated image,text,and ground truth.

关键词： text-to-image(T2I) feature-grounded single-stage generation Generative Adversarial Network(GAN)

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Acetylacetone effectively controlled the secondary metabolites of Microcystis aeruginosa under simulated sunlight irradiation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 285-295页

作者： Xiaomeng wang Yixin Luo Shujuan Zhang Lixiang zhou Department of Environmental Engineering College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Inactivation of cyanobacterial cells and simultaneous control of secondary metabolites is of significant necessity for the treatment of cyanobacteria-laden ***(AcAc)has been reported a specific algicide to inactivate Microcystis aeruginosa(***)and an effective light activator to degrade *** study systematically investigated the photodegradation ability of AcAc under xenon(Xe)irradiation on the secondary metabolites of ***,mainly algal organic matter(AOM),especially toxic microcystin-LR(MC-LR).Results showed that AcAc outperformed H_(2)O_(2)in destructing the protein-like substances,humic acid-like matters,aromatic proteins and fulvic-like substances of *** MC-LR(250μg/L),0.05 mmol/L AcAc attained the same degradation efficiency(87.0%)as 0.1mmol/L H_(2)O_(2).The degradation mechanism of Xe/AcAc might involve photo-induced energy/electron transfer and formation of carbon center *** conditions(pH>9.0)were detrimental to the photoactivity of AcAc,corresponding to the observed degradation rate constant(k_(1)value)of MC-LR drastically decreasing to 0.0013 min^(-1)as solution pH exceeded *** PO_(4)^(3-)and HCO_(3)^(-)ions had obvious inhibition effects,whereas NO_(3)^(-)slightly improved k_(1)value from 0.0277 min^(-1)to 0.0321 min^(-1).The presence of AOM did not significantly inhibit MC-LR degradation in Xe/AcAc *** addition,the biological toxicity of MC-LR was greatly reduced after *** results demonstrated that AcAc was an alternative algicidal agent to effectively inactivate algal cells and simultaneously control the secondary metabolites after cell ***,the concentration and irradiation conditions should be further optimized in practical application.

关键词： Microcystis aeruginosa Photodegradation Acetylacetone Secondary metabolites Microcystin

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Grading of products utilizing bamboo as a substitute for plastic based on environmental effects

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2989-2998页

作者： Meng ZHANG Guomo zhou Lei GU Wenshuo wang College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

To achieve sustainable development goals,mitigate plastic pollution,and promote eco-friendly products,it is crucial to identify key products in the bamboo as a substitute for plastic(BSP)industry and assess their environmental *** study proposed a novel evaluation method for the environmental effect of bamboo as a substitute for plastic(EBSP).It focused on the contributions of BSP products in reducing plastic pollution and greenhouse gas *** established a set of EBSP evaluation indicators and developed a grading model,evaluating 30 typical BSP products across six *** results showed that the EBSP evaluation model,based on the emission reduction rate of substitution(ERRS),substitution rate of material(SRM),and product renewal ratio(PRR),can accurately quantify the environmental benefits of BSP *** model has successfully facilitated precise quantification of the EBSP and established a rational and effective grading system for BSP *** results also demonstrated that the average EBSP ranking across the six categories of BSP products,in descending order,is:disposable bamboo products,bamboo household goods,bamboo packaging products,bamboo engineering materials,bamboo furniture products,and bamboo craft ***,disposable bamboo products scored an EBSP 1.96 times the overall average,indicating significant environmental *** PRR emerged as a critical factor influencing *** BSP products with the same lifespan,those with higher substitution emission reduction efficiency offered more pronounced environmental ***,the BSP industry should strategically prioritize disposable bamboo products,such as bamboo toothbrushes,cutlery,and lunch *** products should be the primary focus of policy support and central to efforts in product development,design innovation,and market promotion.

关键词： Bamboo as a substitute for plastic Bamboo products Substitution emission reduction Environmental benefits Gradingevaluation

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An interesting synergistic effect of heteronuclear dual-atom catalysts for hydrogen production:Offsetting or promoting

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5742-5752页

作者： Zhonghao wang Wei Tang Jialin Liu Gang zhou School of Science Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China

To elucidate the synergistic effect of dual-atom catalysts(DACs)at the microscopic level,we propose and construct a prototype heteronuclear system,CuNi/TiO_(2),in which the two elements of a pair have significantly different d electron-donating abilities,as a piece in the *** density functional theory calculations,we investigate charge-dependent configurations of Cu-Ni dimers anchored on TiO_(2)by the mixing of individual constituent *** d electron-donating ability determines deposition sequence and position of transition metal atoms on oxides,establishing dimer pattern and metal-support *** interaction between Cu and Ni,beyond the coordination environment,predominately contributes to the synergistic effect.A complex adsorption-reduction behavior of H species on CuNi/TiO_(2)is *** reaction mechanism and catalytic activity of CuNi/TiO_(2)for hydrogen production are *** room temperature and high H coverages,CuNi/TiO_(2)shows better performance and efficiency than Ni1/TiO_(2).Our findings provide a new understanding of the synergistic effect on structure-activity relationships of supported dimers,which would be beneficial in the future design of various DACs or even atomically dispersed metal catalysts.

关键词： dual-atom catalysts heteronuclear/homonuclear dimers synergistic effect density functional theory hydrogen production

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Discrimination of pharmacodynamic components and volatile compounds of Poria cocos cultivated with five different materials based on GC-IMS analysis

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Food Quality and Safety 2024年第1期8卷 135-144页

作者： Yinan wang Fei zhou Hui wang Jinping Zhang Hongxia Xu Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhouChina Chun‘an County Thousand-island Lake Forest Farm HangzhouChina

Objectives:The chemical constituents of Poria cocos grown with different substrates vary significantly;thus,identifying and comparing their biomarkers are *** and Methods:Herein,the chemical constituents of Poria cocos obtained with five different substrates were assessed using gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry(GC-IMS),high-performance liquid chromatography and multivariate statistical ***:The content of moisture,ash,alcohol-soluble matter,and heavy metals,except for those of the miscellaneous wood Poria cocos,conform to the specifications defined in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(Edition 2020),and the polysaccharide contents are all greater than 57%.Conclusions:Based on GC-IMS and the established fingerprints,87 compounds were detected,70 of which were identified in each *** statistical analysis revealed seven compounds(two esters,three alcohols,and two aldehydes),which could be considered as potential marker compounds for discrimination.

关键词： Poria cocos cultivation material pharmacodynamic component gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry(GC-IMS) volatile compound.

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Computational Experiments for Complex Social Systems:Integrated Design of Experiment System

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1175-1189页

作者： Xiao Xue Xiangning Yu Deyu zhou Xiao wang Chongke Bi Shufang wang Fei-Yue wang College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China School of Software Shandong UniversityJinan 250101China School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China

Powered by advanced information industry and intelligent technology,more and more complex systems are exhibiting characteristics of the cyber-physical-social systems(CPSS).And human factors have become crucial in the operations of complex social *** mechanical analysis and social simulations alone are powerless for analyzing complex social *** this backdrop,computational experiments have emerged as a new method for quantitative analysis of complex social systems by combining social simulation(e.g.,ABM),complexity science,and domain ***,in the process of applying computational experiments,the construction of experiment system not only considers a large number of artificial society models,but also involves a large amount of data and *** a result,how to integrate various data,model and knowledge to achieve a running experiment system has become a key *** paper proposes an integrated design framework of computational experiment system,which is composed of four parts:generation of digital subject,generation of digital object,design of operation engine,and construction of experiment ***,this paper outlines a typical case study of coal mine emergency management to verify the validity of the proposed framework.

关键词： artificial system operations

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Conditioning treatments mitigate the levels of fecal pollution indicators in soil during land-application of sewage sludge

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3091-3102页

作者： wang YuHang LI Hua FANG WenHao wang Ru wang XinXin ZHENG GuanYu zhou LiXiang Department of Environmental Engineering College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural University College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Pingxiang University Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization

Sewage sludge is a major source of fecal pathogens in the environment, and its application to land can result in a significant release of these pathogens into the soil. While conditioning treatments are crucial for improving the dewatering process of sludge, their impact on the presence and behavior of fecal pathogens in soil remains unclear. This study aims to assess four extraction methods for recovering fecal pollution indicators from soil amended with unconditioned and conditioned sludge. The indicators include Escherichia coli(EC), human-specific HF183 Bacteroides(HF183), human adenovirus(HAdV), human BK polyomavirus(BKPyV), human JC polyomavirus(JCPyV), and cross-assembly phage(crAssphage). This study also examines how soil moisture content affects the decay of these fecal pollution indicators in soil amended with raw sludge and investigates the influence of conditioning treatments with cationic polyacrylamide(PAM), Fenton's reagents, Fe[Ⅲ]/CaO on their persistence in soil. The results indicated that the direct extraction method was the most effective and unbiased for recovering fecal pollution indicators from sludge-amended soil compared with the three elution-concentration methods. All fecal pollution indicators, except HAdV, remained stable under dry soil conditions, while high soil moisture content(48.39%-53.14%) slowed the decay rates of these indicators. During the application of sludge to soil, effective control of fecal pollution indicators was observed, with JCPyVand HAdV becoming undetectable within a short period. The log reduction values of HF183, BKPyV, and crAssphage ranged from 0.1 to 2.8 logs after 30 d of cultivation. The application of conditioned sludge, especially Fenton's reagent-conditioned sludge, resulted in a reduction in human fecal contamination in the receiving soil. Therefore, implementing appropriate conditioning methods, such as using Fenton's reagent, can effectively mitigate the health risks associated with fecal pathogens.

关键词： fecal pollution indicators sewage sludge conditioning treatment land application soil

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