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瑞士融通性职业教育体系的历史演进、实现路径与现实挑战

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中国高教研究 2024年第8期 102-108页

作者：吴雪萍张靖佶浙江大学教育学院浙江杭州310058

为保障学习者接受个性化教育的权利、满足经济社会对高素质技能人才的需求、促进全民终身学习以及维护教育公平,瑞士通过职业会考制度等关键改革行动逐步建成融通性职业教育体系,并通过法律明确其内涵和地位。瑞士一方面坚守职业教育类... 详细信息

为保障学习者接受个性化教育的权利、满足经济社会对高素质技能人才的需求、促进全民终身学习以及维护教育公平,瑞士通过职业会考制度等关键改革行动逐步建成融通性职业教育体系,并通过法律明确其内涵和地位。瑞士一方面坚守职业教育类型特色,致力于实现职业教育内部不同层次贯通,促进职业教育不同层次知识和技能的衔接;另一方面注重职业教育与普通教育的相互融通以及对非正规、非正式学习成果的认可,以提供更加灵活的学习路径,服务全民终身学习。

关键词：瑞士职业教育融通性普通教育

人口变化背景下欧盟职业教育与培训的改革图景

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教育研究 2024年第9期45卷 119-132页

作者：吴雪萍张靖佶浙江大学教育学院杭州310058

作为培养高素质技术技能人才的支柱,职业教育与培训在开发“第二次人口红利”过程中发挥关键作用。欧盟近年来的人口变化主要表现为人口增速放缓、人口老龄化和区域人口分布不均衡,这对欧盟经济质量与结构、社会福利体系、代际关系、区... 详细信息

作为培养高素质技术技能人才的支柱,职业教育与培训在开发“第二次人口红利”过程中发挥关键作用。欧盟近年来的人口变化主要表现为人口增速放缓、人口老龄化和区域人口分布不均衡,这对欧盟经济质量与结构、社会福利体系、代际关系、区域均衡发展以及教育资源分配、模式革新和教育公平等方面产生深刻影响。面对人口变化的挑战,欧盟职业教育与培训的改革遵循外部适应逻辑和内部发展逻辑。外部适应方面,积极适应经济和社会发展需要,通过开展技能预测、动态调整培训目录及加大数字技能培训力度等举措提升相关性,面向特定群体和就业弱势群体开展培训、预防青年辍学以增强包容性;内部发展方面,重视促进人的全面发展,通过加强个性化职业指导、开展模块化课程和个性化教与学方式改革等举措促进个性化,实施个人终身学习与培训支持计划、改革资格认证制度以推进终身化。借鉴欧盟职业教育与培训改革经验,我国职业教育改革可聚焦外部环境适应与内生动力激发,持续增强职业教育的适应性,构建全纳、公平、优质的职业教育体系;强调个性化、差异化原则,加快构建终身职业教育与培训体系。

关键词：人口变化欧盟职业教育与培训适应高质量发展

Structural and dielectric tunable properties of Ba_(0.4)Sr_(0.6)Ti_(1-y)Si_yO_3 microwave ceramics

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第3期55卷 610-615页

作者： zhang jingji ZHAI JiWei WANG JiangYing College of Materials Science and Engineering China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China Functional Materials Research Laboratory Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The structure-property relationships in Ba0.4Sr0.6Ti1-ySiyO3 with y=0.00,0.01,0.02,0.05,0.10 and 0.20 ceramics have been studied by using X-ray diffraction,electron microscopy and dielectric *** increase of Si concentration is not favorable for the stability of the perovskite structure,which results in the formation of BaTiSiO5 secondary *** dielectric peaks of samples are suppressed,broadened and shifted to low temperature with increasing Si *** and Q value are reduced gradually with increasing Si concentration,due to growing of second BaTiSiO5 *** tunability(T) still remains ～18.0% under 60 kV/cm biasing for the samples with *** best combination of microwave dielectric properties are obtained for the composition of y=0.10:-=531,Q=391(at 1.610 GHz) and T=17.7%.

关键词： BST ceramics tunable property microwave dielectric properties

Dielectric tunable properties of BaTi_4O_9-doped Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)TiO_3 microwave composite ceramics

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 116-122页

作者： zhang jingji, ZHAI JiWei, JIANG HaiTao & YAO Xi Functional Materials Research Laboratory, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China Functional Materials Research Laboratory Tongji University Shanghai China

BaTi4O9-doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST) composite ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction and their structure, dielectric nonlinear characteristics and microwave dielectric properties were investigated. The secondary phase of the orthorhombic structure Ba4Ti13O30 is formed among BST composite ceramics with the increase of BaTi4O9. At the same time, a duplex or bimodal grains size distribution shows fine grains in a coarse grain matrix. The degree of frequency dispersion of dielectric permittivity below Tm is increased initially and then decreased with respect to BaTi4O9. As the BaTi4O9 content increases, the tunability of composite ceramics decreases, while the Q value increases. Inter-estingly, 70 wt% BaTi4O9-doped BST has a tunability ~4.0% (under 30 kV/cm biasing) versus a permit- tivity ~68 and quality factor ~134.1 (at ~3.2 GHz).

关键词： tunability microwave dielectric properties composite ceramics

Oxalic acid functionalization of BaTiO_(3) nanobelts for promoting their piezo-degradation organic contaminants

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Journal of Materiomics 2021年第6期7卷 1275-1283页

作者： Shitao Gao Hongjie Xing jingji zhang Yapi Liu Huiwei Du Zejie Zhu Jiangying Wang Xu Li Suwei zhang Yaxuan Yao Lingling Ren College of Materials and Chemistry China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou310018China Center for Advanced Measurement Science National Institute of MetrologyBeijing100013China

Surface functionalization of piezoelectric greatly determines its piezo-catalytic activity and selectivity in that functional group affect specific reactants’surface adsorption and activation ***,we propose chemical functionalization on the surface of nano-scaled BaTiO_(3) piezoelectric via a one-pot hydrothermal process using polyethylene glycol as surfactant,and evaluate its piezo-catalytic activity and selectivity by degrading model antibiotic and dye reactants under ultrasonic *** or/and oxalic unidentate ligands on the surface of BaTiO_(3) nanobelts can be formed by controlling precursor and hydrothermal ***,oxalic acid functionalized BaTiO_(3) nanobelts presented a high piezo-catalytic rate constant of 0.068 min^(-1) for Rhodamine B solution and maintained>87%degradation efficiency within 30 min under the condition of ultrasonic bath with 40 kHz and 100 W,which was mainly ascribed to piezo-sensitization *** work provides references for the preparation of chemical functionalized catalysts and also contributes to the development of novel catalysts for special applications.

关键词： BaTiO_(3)nanobelts Surface functionalization Piezo-catalysis Piezo-sensitization

Diverse responses of fungal functional groups to desertification in forest soils of Pinus densata on the Chinese Tibetan plateau

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 120-130页

作者： Jiani Hua Jiangbao zhang Baohan Song Tianyi Wang jingji Li Nan Yang Lingfeng Mao Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Laboratory of Biodiversity and ConservationCollege of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing Forestry University210037 NanjingPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Ecological Resources and Landscape Architecture Chengdu University of Technology610059 ChengduPeople’s Republic of China

Rapid increase in desertification is an environ-mental concern,especially for the health and sustainabil-ity of ecosystems in changing *** ecosystems respond to such changes may be partially understood by studying interactions and performance of critically impor-tant groups such as soil fungi functional *** study investigated variations in diversities of three soil fungi functional guilds(saprotrophic,symbiotic,pathogenic)and influencing abiotic factors in a Pinus densata forest on the southeast Tibetan Plateau where desertification is *** results indicate desertification significantly decreased the proportion of dominant fungal guild-symbiotic fungi(mean relative abundance decreasing from 97.0%to 68.3%),in contrast to saprotrophic fungi(increasing from 2.7%to 25.7%)and pathogenic(from 0.3%to 5.9%).Soil pH had the most significant impact on fungal community structure and negatively correlated with symbiotic fungal richness,which was significantly lower in arid soils,and positively correlated with saprotrophic and pathogenic fungal alpha-diversity,which were *** community struc-tures and regulators of the three fungi communities were observed,with pH,total phosphorus and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))as the main *** study links the biotic and abi-otic components during desertification and the interactions between them,and may be used as indicators of ecosystem health and for amendments to mitigate the effects of a chang-ing climate.

关键词： Desertification Fungal diversity Saprotrophs Ectomycorrhizal fungi Climate change

Raman and dielectric response of BaTi_(1-x)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(x)O_(3) solid solution

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2013年第4期3卷 39-42页

作者： jingji zhang Ludong Ji Jiangying Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering China Jiliang University Hangzhou 310018P.R.China

Structural evolution and dielectric analysis have been performed for BaTi_(1-x)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(2)O_(3) solid solutions with x≤ 0.07,together with the analysis of Raman spectroscopy.X-Ray diffraction and Raman results show a structural evolution from a tetragonal phase to a cubic one with increasing *** analysis reveals a low critical concentration corresponding to ferroelectric-relaxor crossover(xc=0.05).Activation energy with dozens meV is obtained using the Vogel-Fulcher relationship,which is atributed to thermally activated off center ion hopping.

关键词： Crystal structure dielectric properties Raman spectroscopy

非国家行为体参与高等教育国际化模式的嬗变与挑战——以德国为例

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教育发展研究 2020年第9期40卷 29-38页

作者：吴薇张靖佶厦门大学教育研究院国际高等教育研究中心厦门361005 厦门大学教育研究院厦门361005

国际化作为大学现代化的重要组成部分,是新时代下许多国家高等教育发展的重要战略之一。伴随高等教育全球化的发展,非国家行为体在高等教育国际化进程中发挥的作用愈发突出。本研究以德国为例,梳理分析了20世纪40年代以来德国高等教育... 详细信息

国际化作为大学现代化的重要组成部分,是新时代下许多国家高等教育发展的重要战略之一。伴随高等教育全球化的发展,非国家行为体在高等教育国际化进程中发挥的作用愈发突出。本研究以德国为例,梳理分析了20世纪40年代以来德国高等教育国际化进程中非国家行为体参与模式从"零星"的分散隔离模式"、自上而下"的辐射指令模式到"自下而上"的网络协同联动模式的嬗变以及非政府组织、企业和私立教育等三类主要非国家行为体之间的角色功能及其与政府的对话关系。由于非国家行为体自身的角色缺陷,在高等教育国际化发展中可能面临非政府组织过度依赖政府产生模式失衡风险、校企合作中效率与公平矛盾、非公教育监管和资格认证困难等系列挑战。非国家行为体参与德国高等教育国际化的行动和发挥的作用满足了社会、高校和学生的需要,对我国高等教育国际化的未来发展具有一定的启示意义。

关键词：非国家行为体德国高等教育国际化嬗变挑战

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重大疫情下跨境高等教育中的学生管理研究

比较教育研究 2020年第8期42卷 10-17页

作者：吴薇张靖佶厦门大学教育研究院比较教育研究所福建厦门361005 厦门大学教育研究院福建厦门361005

新冠肺炎疫情的爆发对全球跨境高等教育的发展产生了重大影响。跨境学生管理工作是决定跨境高等教育质量的重要环节。疫情之下,各国的跨境高等教育学生管理工作面临来自跨境招生管理、高校财政管理、跨境学习管理和其他跨境学生管理等... 详细信息

新冠肺炎疫情的爆发对全球跨境高等教育的发展产生了重大影响。跨境学生管理工作是决定跨境高等教育质量的重要环节。疫情之下,各国的跨境高等教育学生管理工作面临来自跨境招生管理、高校财政管理、跨境学习管理和其他跨境学生管理等领域的挑战。疫情高风险国家和疫情防控常态化国家高校跨境学生管理工作呈现多元化、本土化的实践特征。未来跨境高等教育学生管理工作发展的四大趋势是:在线学习与虚拟校园中的创新型学生管理、高校学生管理应急机制的完善、院校多边教育合作学生管理模式和基于跨境学习新价值的思想教育。后疫情时代的跨境高等教育学生管理工作要以学生发展为中心,打破地缘限制,提高共同抵御风险的能力。

关键词：新冠肺炎疫情跨境高等教育学生管理