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Spatiotemporal Changes of Hazard Intensity-Adjusted Population Exposure to Multiple Hazards in Tibet During 1982–2015

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第4期9卷 541-554页

作者： Anyu Zhang jingai wang Yao Jiang Yanqiang Chen Peijun Shi Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Natural Disaster Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Regional Geography Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Qinghai Normal University Xining 810008QinghaiChina

The dynamic changes of population exposure to hazards in high-altitude areas are an important factor in the scientific evaluation of environmental risks. In this study,the hazards of hypoxia, earthquakes, and snowstorms in Tibet were respectively described by the percentage of oxygen at sea level, earthquake intensity, and mean annual maximum snow depth. The rates of population affected by hypoxia, earthquakes, and snowstorms were calculated by chronic mountain sickness and historical disaster *** on these, the study examined the change in population exposure to the three hazards and their combinations by hazard intensity level at the 1 km 9 1 km grid scale in1982–2015. The results show that population exposures to hypoxia, earthquakes, and snowstorms were about 745 thousand, 97 thousand, and 168 thousand in 2015,respectively, among a total population in Tibet of 3.24 million. These exposures were mainly concentrated in the3400–5000 m above sea level zone. The population exposed to hypoxia and earthquakes showed a rising trend from 1982 to 2015, while the population exposed tosnowstorms decreased after 2000 due to reduced snowstorm intensity. Hypoxia-earthquake and hypoxia-snowstorm are the main multiple hazard combinations that people in Tibet suffered from and their personátime exposures were estimated at around 842 thousand and 913 thousand in 2015, respectively, with an average annual increase of 1.7% and 1.3%. Hypoxia is the most important health risk in Tibet. The areas of high personátime exposure to multiple hazards of hypoxia-earthquake-snowstorm are the key areas for strengthening integrated risk governance.

关键词： Earthquake High altitude Hypoxia Population exposure Snowstorm Tibet

Maize drought disaster risk assessment of China based on EPIC model

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2012年第6期5卷 488-515页

作者： Huicong Jia jingai wang Chunxiang Cao Donghua Pan Peijun Shi State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100101P.R.China Key Laboratory of Regional Geography College of Geography and Remote Sensing ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875P.R.China National Disaster Reduction Center of China Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People?s Republic of ChinaBeijing 100124P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875P.R.China

Digital Agriculture is one of the important applications of Digital *** the global climate changes and food security becomes an increasingly important issue,agriculture drought comes to the focus of *** is a typical monsoon climate country as well as an agricultural country with the world’s largest *** East Asian monsoon has had a tremendous impact upon agricultural ***,a maize drought disaster risk assessment,in line with the requirements of sustainable development of agriculture,is important for ensuring drought disaster reduction and food ***,soil,land use,and agro-meteorological observation information of the research area were collected,and based on the concept framework of‘hazard-inducing factors assessment(hazard)-vulnerability assessment of hazard-affected body(vulner-ability curve)-risk assessment(risk),’importing crop model EPIC(Erosion-Productivity Impact Calculator),using crop model simulation and digital mapping techniques,quantitative assessment of spatio-temporal distribution of maize drought in China was *** results showed that:in terms of 2,5,10,and 20 year return periods,the overall maize drought risk decreased gradually from northwest to southeast in the maize planting *** the 20 year return period,high risk value regions(drought loss rate]0.5)concentrate in the irrigated maize region of Northwest china,ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in Northern China,Hetao Irrigation Area,and north-central area of North China Plain,accounting for 6.41%of the total maize *** results can provide a scientific basis for the government’s decision-making in risk management and drought disaster prevention in China.

关键词： physical vulnerability risk assessment agriculture drought maize production EPIC model China Digital Earth GIS

Customization of FeNi alloy nanosheet arrays inserted with biomass-derived carbon templates for boosted electromagnetic wave absorption

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第4期31卷 812-824页

作者： Xuanqi Yang Honghan wang Jing Chen Qingda An Zuoyi Xiao jingai Hao Shangru Zhai Junye Sheng Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic BiorefineryCollege of Light Industry and Chemical EngineeringDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China Qingdao Medical College Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China

Electromagnetic wave(EMW)-absorbing materials have considerable capacity in the military field and the prevention of EMW radiation from harming human ***,obtaining lightweight,high-performance,and broadband EMW-absorbing material remains an overwhelming *** dielectric/magnetic composites with customized structures is a strategy with great promise for the development of high-performance EMW-absorbing *** layered double hydroxides as the precursors of bimetallic alloys and combining them with porous biomass-derived carbon materials is a potential way for constructing multi-interface heterostructures as efficient EMW-absorbing materials because they have synergistic losses,low costs,abundant resources,and light ***,FeNi alloy nanosheet array/Lycopodium spore-derived carbon(FeNi/LSC)was prepared through a simple hydrothermal and carbonization ***/LSC presents ideal EMW-absorbing performance by benefiting from the FeNi alloy nanosheet array,sponge-like structure,capability for impedance matching,and improved dielectric/magnetic *** expected,FeNi/LSC exhibited the minimum reflection loss of-58.3 dB at 1.5 mm with 20wt%filler content and a widely effective absorption bandwidth of 4.92 ***/LSC composites with effective EMW-absorbing performance provide new insights into the customization of biomass-derived composites as high-performance and lightweight broadband EMW-absorbing materials.

关键词： spore-derived carbon FeNi alloy nanosheet array multi-interface heterostructures synergistic effect efficient electromagnet-ic wave absorption

Climate change regionalization in China(1961–2010)

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第11期57卷 2676-2689页

作者： SHI PeiJun SUN Shao wang Ming LI Ning wang jingai JIN YunYun GU XiaoTian YIN WeiXia State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal University Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Civil Affairs & Ministry of Education School of Geography Beijing Normal University Key Laboratory of Regional Geography Beijing Normal University

Since climatic condition is the important foundation for human subsistence and development and the key factor in sustainable development of economy and society, climate change has been a global issue attracting great attentions of politicians, scientists, governments, and the public alike throughout the world. Existing climate regionalization in China aims to characterize the re gional differences in climate based on years of the mean value of different climate indexes. However, with the accelerating climate change nowadays, existing climate regionalization cannot represent the regional difference of climate change, nor can it reflect the disasters and environmental risks incurred from climate changes. This paper utilizes the tendency value and fluc tuation value of temperature and precipitation from 1961 to 2010 to identify the climate change quantitatively, and completes the climate change regionalization in China （1961-2010） with county administrative regionalization as the unit in combination with China＇s terrain feature. Level-I regionalization divides China＇s climate change （1961-2010） into five tendency zones based on the tendency of temperature and precipitation, which are respectively Northeast China-North China warm-dry trend zone, East China-Central China wet-warm trend zone, Southwest China-South China dry-warm trend zone, Southeast Ti- bet-Southwest China wet-warm trend zone, and Northwest China-Qinghai-Tibet Plateau warm-wet trend zone; level-lI region- alization refers to fourteen fluctuation regions based on level-I regionalization according to the fluctuation of temperature and precipitation.

关键词： climate change regionalization temperature precipitation tendency fluctuation China

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THEORY AND PRACTICE FOR COMPILING THE ATLAS OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN CHINA

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1994年第Z2期4卷 103-111页

作者： wang jingai(Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Bejing Normal University, Beijing 100875 People’s Republic of China)

This article inquires into theoretical and practical problems on compilation of an atlas of regional natural disasters. (1) The basic theory of compiling an atlas of regional disasters has been founded on the combination of the sciences of disasters, cartography and regional geogrphy. The content structure of a regional disaster atlas should be composed of at least the following five parts:hazard-formative environments and hazard-affected bodies,hazards, disaster effects, monitoring and warning system for natural disasters, and countermeasures for natural disaster reduction. (2) Contents of cartographic design of a regional disaster atlas should be composed of at least the following five parts: base map system, cartographic representation, Symbol System, color system, map edition and map layout system. (3) Based on theory and cartographic design of compiling an atlas of regional disaster, the Atlas of Natural Disater in China, which reveals objectively the temporal and spaial pattern of regional natural disasters of China,has been compiled and published.

关键词： atlas compilation natural disaster theory practice

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云南省农村乡镇地震灾害房屋损失评估

地震学报 2005年第5期27卷 551-560页

作者：王瑛史培军王静爱北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室北京师范大学资源学院中国北京100875 北京师范大学地理学与遥感学院北京师范大学区域地理研究重点实验室中国北京100875

根据1990—2000年20余次云南省地震的房屋损坏调查数据,建立了目前云南省农村居民最主要的4类房屋地震脆弱性模型(烈度-损失率曲线);进而利用设定地震灾害损失模拟方法,基于2002年云南省房屋状况,模拟了历史上的破坏性地震如果再次发生... 详细信息

根据1990—2000年20余次云南省地震的房屋损坏调查数据,建立了目前云南省农村居民最主要的4类房屋地震脆弱性模型(烈度-损失率曲线);进而利用设定地震灾害损失模拟方法,基于2002年云南省房屋状况,模拟了历史上的破坏性地震如果再次发生,将造成的云南省房屋的经济损失.误差分析表明,该模拟计算方法实用性强,对一般性地震的模拟误差在30%左右.将云南省886—2002年的398次地震依次进行了房屋经济损失模拟.结果表明,云南省年均因地震引起的经济损失约为4.1亿元,占当年云南省GDP值2232.32亿元的0.18%.由于房屋造价的上涨和农村居民人均住房面积的增加,历史上的强震一旦今天再次发生,对云南省经济的影响将远远大于当年.

关键词：地震灾害损失评估设定地震农村乡镇云南省

科尔沁沙地道路风沙灾害危险性评价的指标体系

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干旱区资源与环境 2009年第7期23卷 98-104页

作者：李远王静爱王梦麦岳耀杰北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院北京100875 北京师范大学区域地理研究重点实验室北京100875 北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室北京100875 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101

构建沙区道路风沙灾害危险性评价的指标体系对区域道路风沙灾害防治重点区的划定及减灾对策的制定有着重要意义。文中以区域灾害系统理论为依据,通过分析灾害形成过程中致灾因子、孕灾环境、承灾体三者的作用机制,提出孕灾环境对灾害形... 详细信息

构建沙区道路风沙灾害危险性评价的指标体系对区域道路风沙灾害防治重点区的划定及减灾对策的制定有着重要意义。文中以区域灾害系统理论为依据,通过分析灾害形成过程中致灾因子、孕灾环境、承灾体三者的作用机制,提出孕灾环境对灾害形成存在直接和间接两种作用的思想;在分析道路风沙灾害形成机制的基础之上,建立了科尔沁沙地道路风沙灾害危险性评价的指标体系并进行评价。结果表明:轻度危险路段417km,中偏轻度危险路段657km,中度危险路段798km,中偏重度危险路段453km,重度危险路段150km,极度危险路段30km。

关键词：科尔沁沙地道路风沙灾害危险性指标体系

A novel flexible nerve guidance conduit promotes nerve regeneration while providing excellent mechanical properties

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2084-2094页

作者： Tong Li Quhan Cheng jingai Zhang Boxin Liu Yu Shi Haoxue wang Lijie Huang Su Zhang Ruixin Zhang Song wang Guangxu Lu Peifu Tang Zhongyang Liu Kai wang Department of Orthopedics the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Training and Sports Medicine Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People’s Armed Police ForceTianjinChina Medical School of Chinese PLA BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjinChina Department of Orthopedics Tianjin HospitalTianjinChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Er Quan Hospital of PAPWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

Autografting is the gold standard for surgical repair of nerve defects>5 mm in length;however,autografting is associated with potential complications at the nerve donor *** an alternative,nerve guidance conduits may be *** ideal conduit should be flexible,resistant to kinks and lumen collapse,and provide physical cues to guide nerve *** designed a novel flexible conduit using electrospinning technology to create fibers on the innermost surface of the nerve guidance conduit and employed melt spinning to align ***,we prepared disordered electrospun fibers outside the aligned fibers and helical melt-spun fibers on the outer wall of the electrospun fiber *** presence of aligned fibers on the inner surface can promote the extension of nerve cells along the *** helical melt-spun fibers on the outer surface can enhance resistance to kinking and compression and provide *** novel conduit promoted nerve regeneration and functional recovery in a rat sciatic nerve defect model,suggesting that it has potential for clinical use in human nerve injuries.

关键词： aligned fibers anti-kinking helical fibers nerve guidance conduit nerve regeneration peripheral nerve injury topological guidance

“走出去”背景下建筑类央企财务管理风险因素研究

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建筑经济 2023年第S1期44卷 411-414页

作者：李更新王敬爱中交建筑集团有限公司北京100022 中交毫生城市建设发展有限公司江苏苏州215000

当前越来越多的大型企业不断走出国门参与海外业务,但海外局势存在的不稳定性为企业财务管理带来诸多风险。针对新形势下建筑领域央企的财务风险因素进行分析,阐明内部财务风险与外部财务风险的主要内容。在调查问卷的基础上,分析不同... 详细信息

当前越来越多的大型企业不断走出国门参与海外业务,但海外局势存在的不稳定性为企业财务管理带来诸多风险。针对新形势下建筑领域央企的财务风险因素进行分析,阐明内部财务风险与外部财务风险的主要内容。在调查问卷的基础上,分析不同财务风险的权重排名,结合调查结果提出相应建议,可在建筑类企业在海外开展业务时,为财务管理风险的应对计划和控制提供决策依据。

关键词：土木工程财务管理风险因素问卷调查分析