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Effects of oxygen concentration and flow rate on cognitive ability and physiological responses in the elderly

Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第3期8卷 264-269页

作者： Hyun-Jun Kim Hyun-Kyung Park Dae-Woon Lim Mi-Hyun choi Hyun-Joo Kim In-Hwa Lee Hyung-Sik Kim jin-seung choi Gye-Rae Tack Soon-Cheol Chung Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Konkuk University Department of Laboratory Medicine Seoul Clinical Laboratories Department of Information & Communication Engineering Dongguk University Department of Biomedical Engineering Research Institute of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Biomedical & Health ScienceKonkuk University

The supply of highly concentrated oxygen positively affects cognitive processing in normal young adults. However, there have been few reports on changes in cognitive ability in elderly subjects following highly concentrated oxygen administration. This study investigated changes in cognitive ability, blood oxygen saturation （%）, and heart rate （beats/min） in normal elderly subjects at three different levels of oxygen [21% （1 L/min）, 93% （1 L/min）, and 93% （5 L/min）] administered during a 1-back task. Eight elderly male （75.3 ＋ 4.3 years old） and 10 female （71.1 ＋ 3.9 years old） subjects, who were normal in cognitive ability as shown by a score of more than 24 points in the Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea, participated in the experiment. The experiment consisted of an adaptation phase after the start of oxygen administration （3 minutes）, a control phase to obtain stable baseline measurements of heart rate and blood oxygen saturation before the task （2 minutes） and a task phase during which the 1-back task was performed （2 minutes）. Three levels of oxygen were administered throughout the three phases （7 minutes）. Blood oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured during each phase. Our results show that blood oxygen saturation increased, heart rate decreased, and response time in the 1-back task decreased as the concentration and amount of administered oxygen increased. This shows that administration of sufficient oxygen for optimal cognitive functioning increases blood oxygen saturation and decreases heart rate.

关键词： neural regeneration clinical practice highly concentrated oxygen cognitive task 1-back task cognitive ability blood oxygen saturation heart rate physiological responses elderly grant-supported paper neuroregeneration

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Aging effects of regional activation in a spatial task A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第9期4卷 663-667页

作者： Jong-Rak Park Dae-Woon Lim Mi-Hyun choi Su-Jeong Lee jin-seung choi Hyung-Sik Kim Jeong-Han Yi Gye-Rae Tack Soon-Cheol Chung Department of Photonic Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangjuSouth Korea Department of Information & Communication Engineering Dongguk UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Research Institute of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Biomedical & Health ScienceKonkuk UniversityChungjuSouth Korea

BACKGROUND： An increasing number of studies have shown the effects of aging in basic cognitive processing and higher cognitive functions using functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）. However, little is known about the aging effects in diverse cognitive abilities, such as spatial learning and reasoning. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of aging on spatial cognitive performance and regional brain activation based on fMRI. DESIGN, TIME, AND SETTING： A block design for fMRI observation. This study was performed at the fMRI Laboratory, Brain Science Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology from March 2006 to May 2009. PARTICIPANTS： Eight right-handed, male, college students in their 20s （mean age 21.5 years） and six right-handed, male, adults in their 40s （mean age 45.7 years）, who graduated from college, participated in the study. All subjects were healthy and had no prior history of psychiatric or neurological disorders. METHODS： A spatial task was presented while brain images were acquired using a 3T fMRI system （ISOL Technology, Korea）. The spatial tasks involved selecting a shape that corresponded to a given figure using four examples, as well as selecting a development figure of a diagram. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The accuracy rate （number of correct answers/total number of items x 100%） of spatial tasks was calculated. Using the subtraction procedure, the activated areas in the brain during spatial tasks were color-coded by T-score. The double subtraction method was used to analyze the effect of aging between the two age groups （20s versus 40s）. RESULTS： The cerebellum, occipital lobe, parietal lobe, and frontal lobe were similarly activated in the two age groups. Increased brain activations, however, were observed in bilateral parietal and superior frontal lobes of the younger group. More activation was observed in bilateral middle frontal and right inferior frontal lobes in the older group. Compared with the older g

关键词： functional magnetic resonance imaging aging regional activation spatial task

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging of cerebellar activation and lateralization during verbal and visuospatial tasks

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第3期5卷 226-231页

作者： Mi-Hyun choi Su-Jeong Lee Jae-Woong Yang jin-seung choi Hyung-Sik Kim Jeong-Han Yi Gye-Rae Tack Soon-Cheol Chung Byung-Chan Min Se-jin Park Jong-Rak Park Jae-Hoon Jun Department of Biomedical Engineering Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical & Health Science Konkuk University Department of Industrial & Management Engineering Hanbat National University Division of Technology Services National Center for Standard Reference Data Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science Department of Photonic Engineering Chosun University

BACKGROUND： Previous studies have analyzed cerebral activation and lateralization of cognitive functions, as well as cerebellar function with reference to high-level cognitive processing. However, there has been very little research on systematization and diversification. In particular, there are no reports on cerebellar lateralization, although reliable results have been reported on cerebral lateralization. OBJECTIVE： This study analyzed cerebellar activation and lateralization in relation to verbal and visuospatial tasks using functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A block design for fMRI observation was performed at the fMRI Laboratory, Brain Science Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology from May 2006 to September 2008. PARTICIPANTS： Sixteen healthy, male, college students, aged （23.3 ± 0.5） years, and 16 healthy, male, college students, aged （21.5 ± 2.3） years, participated in the study, respectively. METHODS： Verbal and visuospatial tasks were presented while functional brain images were acquired using a 3T fMRI system. Verbal analogy testing required the subject to select the word with the same relationship as one of the given words. Verbal antonym testing required the subject to select the word with a different meaning among four words. Visuospatial tasks involved selecting a shape that corresponded to a given figure with four examples, as well as selecting a development figure of a diagram. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes in cerebellar activation and lateralization between two cognition tasks. RESULTS： Bilateral hemisphere Iobules VI and IX, right hemisphere Iobule VIII, bilateral hemisphere Iobules Crus I, and vermis Iobule IV, V, and Vl were closely related to verbal tasks in comparison to visuospatial tasks. Conversely, bilateral hemisphere Iobules IV and V, as well as the right hemisphere Iobule VI, were closely related to visuospatial tasks compared to verbal tasks. There was no great differe

关键词： cerebellum lateralization functional magnetic resonance imaging verbal and visuospatial tasks neuroimaging neural regeneration

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Effects of smoking on cerebral and ventricular volumes in healthy males

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第1期6卷 72-75页

作者： Hyun-Jun Kim Mi-Hyun choi Beob-Yi Lee Su-Jeong Lee Jae-Woong Yang Ji-Hye Kim jin-seung choi Dong-Won Kang Jang-Yeon Park Jae-Hoon Jun Gye-Rae Tack Soon-Cheol Chung Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Konkuk University Department of Biomedical Engineering Research Institute of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Biomedical & Health ScienceKonkuk University Department of Anatomy School of MedicineKonkuk University

Previous studies have reported decreased cerebral volume as a result of smoking. However, little is known about accompanying changes in ventricular volume for healthy subjects who smoke, although ventricular volume is increased in patients with multiple sclerosis who smoke. The present study analyzed whether cerebral volume decreased with smoking through the use of magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, accompanying changes in ventricular volume that resulted from decreased cerebral volume and smoking were analyzed in healthy subjects. When multivariate analysis of covariance was performed by integrating the 2 age groups, aged 20-28 years and 40-49 years, with statistical significance, results showed that cerebral volume of smokers was smaller and ventricular volume was greater compared with the non-smokers. These findings suggest that ventricular volume changes could be utilized to characterize the effects of smoking.

关键词： smoking cerebral and ventricular volumes magnetic resonance imaging

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High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system:regeneration hidden beneath inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 107-115页

作者： Hanki Kim Bum Jun Kim seungyon Koh Hyo jin Cho Xuelian jin Byung Gon Kim Jun Young choi Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Ajou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuqianJiangsu ProvinceChina

High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and ***-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain *** drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system *** it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system *** this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory *** targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.

关键词： central nervous system damage-associated molecular pattern ethyl pyruvate glycyrhizzin high mobility group box 1 inflammation neural stem cells neurodevelopment oligodendrocyte progenitor cells redox status regeneration

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Ex situ aging effect on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membrane:Hydration-dehydration cycling and hydrothermal treatment

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 583-592,I0014页

作者： seung-Young choi Kyeong Sik jin Polymer&Materials Chemistry Department of ChemistryLund UniversitySE-22100Sweden Center for Hydrogen·Fuel Cell Research Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangKyungbuk 37673Republic of Korea

Prolonged hydrothermal treatment for sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membranes induces mechanical degradation and developing hydrophilic-hydrophobic phase separation, simultaneously. The enhanced phase separation provides incremental proton conductivity to the membranes, whereas mechanical degradation drastically reduces device stability. On this basis, we describe here the effects of two different ex situ aging processes on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membranes: hydrationdehydration cycling and prolonged hydrothermal treatment. Both aged membranes exhibited enhanced phase separation under the hydrated conditions, as characterized by small angle X-ray ***, when the aged membranes were dried again, the nanostructure of the membranes aged via the hydration-dehydration cycling was recoverable, whereas that of the membranes aged via prolonged hydrothermal treatment was irreversible. Furthermore, the two differently aged membranes showed clear differences in thermal, mechanical, and electrochemical properties. Finally, we implemented both aged membranes in fuel cell application. The sample aged via hydration-dehydration cycling maintained its improved cell performance, whereas the sample aged via hydrothermal treatment showed drastically reduced cell performance after durability test for 50 h.

关键词： Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) Humidity cycle test Ex situ aging Proton exchange membrane Fuel cell

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Wave prediction in a port using a fully nonlinear Boussinesq wave model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第7期38卷 36-47页

作者： Young-Kwang choi seung-Nam Seo jin-Yong choi Fengyan Shi Kwang-Soon Park Civil and Architectural Engineering Department KEPCO Engineering and ConstructionGimcheon-si 39660Republic of Korea Task Force for Construction of RV ISABU Support Facility Korea Institute of Ocean Science and TechnologyBusan Metropolitan City 49111Republic of Korea Operational Oceanography Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science and TechnologyBusan Metropolitan City 49111Republic of Korea Center for Applied Coastal Research University of DelawareNewark DE 19716USA

A wave forecasting system using FUNWAVE-TVD which is based on the fully nonlinear Boussinesq equations by Chen(2006)was developed to provide an accurate wave prediction in the Port of Busan,South *** system is linked to the Korea Operational Oceanographic System(KOOS)developed by Park et al.(2015).The computational domain covers a region of 9.6 km×7.0 km with a grid size of 2 m in both directions,which is sufficient to resolve short waves and dominant sea *** total number of grid points exceeds 16 millions,making the model computational *** provide real-time forecasting,an interpolation method,which is based on pre-calculated results of FUNWAVE-TVD and SWAN forecasting results at the FUNWAVE-TVD offshore boundary,was used.A total of 45 cases were pre-calculated,which took 71 days on 924 computational cores of a Linux cluster *** wave generation and propagation from the deep water were computed using the SWAN in *** results provided a boundary condition for the FUNWAVE-TVD forecasting *** verify the model,wave observations were conducted at three locations inside the port in a time period of more than 7 months.A model/model comparison between FUNWAVE-TVD and SWAN was also carried *** is found that,FUNWAVE-TVD improves the forecasting results significantly compared to SWAN which underestimates wave heights in sheltered areas due to incorrect physical mechanism of wave diffraction,as well as large wave heights caused by wave reflections inside the port.

关键词： real-time wave forecasting FUNWAVE-TVD SWAN KOOS wave observations wave diffraction

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Improved photocatalytic activity of surface charge functionalized ZnO nanoparticles using aniline

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第17期76卷 1-10页

作者： Chatchai Rodwihok Korakot Charoensri Duangmanee Wongratanaphisan Won Mook choi seung Hyun Hur Hyun jin Park jin Suk Chung School of Chemical Engineering University of Ulsan680-749.South ICorea Department of Biotechnology College of Life Sciences andBiotechnologyKorea University145 Anam-roSeongbuk-guSeoul02841South Korea Research Center in Physics andAstronomy Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai50200Thailand

Functionalization of aniline molecules on zinc oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles is reported using a simple impregnation *** ZnO samples were systematically characterized based on morphology,surface and optical properties,and photocatalytic performance towards methyl orange(MO).Aniline functionalization increased the surface charge of the modified *** to pristine ZnO,the aniline-functionalized ZnO yielded faster photodegradation of MO,degrading 98.29%of MO in 60 min and superoxide radicals were the major species during the MO photodegradation *** results indicate that the improvement of photocatalytic degradation could be attributed to opposite charge-induced surface ***,protonated amine as a positively charged molecule was expected to increase the surface adsorption of MO(as an anionic dye)on ZnO nanoparticles surfaces,thereby increasing their photocatalytic degradation performance.

关键词： Photocatalysts Surface charge ZnO Aniline Methyl orange

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Absorption-Dominant mmWave EMI Shielding Films with Ultralow Reflection using Ferromagnetic Resonance Frequency Tunable M-Type Ferrites

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第6期15卷 1-23页

作者： Horim Lee seung Han Ryu Suk jin Kwon Jae Ryung choi Sang‑bok Lee Byeongjin Park Composites Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science797 ChangwondaeroSeongsan‑GuChangwonGyeongsangnam‑Do 51508Republic of Korea

Although there is a high demand for absorption-dominant electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding materials for 5G millimeter-wave(mmWave) frequencies, most current shielding materials are based on reflection-dominant conductive materials. While there are few absorption-dominant shielding materials proposed with magnetic materials, their working frequencies are usually limited to under 30 GHz. In this study, a novel multi-band absorption-dominant EMI shielding film with M-type strontium ferrites and a conductive grid is proposed. This film shows ultralow EMI reflection of less than 5% in multiple mmWave frequency bands with sub-millimeter thicknesses, while shielding more than 99.9% of EMI. The ultralow reflection frequency bands are controllable by tuning the ferromagnetic resonance frequency of M-type strontium ferrites and composite layer geometries. Two examples of shielding films with ultralow reflection frequencies, one for 39 and 52 GHz 5G telecommunication bands and the other for 60 and 77 GHz autonomous radar bands, are presented. The remarkably low reflectance and thinness of the proposed films provide an important advancement toward the commercialization of EMI shielding materials for 5G mmWave applications.

关键词： 5G communication MmWave EMI shielding M-type ferrites

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Gene-diet interactions in gastric cancer risk: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9600-9610页

作者： Jeongseon Kim Young Ae Cho Wook jin choi seung Hwa Jeong Molecular Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and PreventionResearch InstituteNational Cancer Center

AIM:To conduct a systematic review of the published epidemiological studies investigating the association of the interactions between gene variants and dietary intake with gastric cancer ***:A literature search was conducted in PubMed,EMBASE,and MEDLINE for articles published between January 2000 and July 2013,and 38 studies were *** studies included various dietary factors(e.g.,fruits and vegetables,soybean products,salt,meat,and alcohol)and genetic variants that are involved in various metabolic ***:Studies suggest that individuals who carry high-risk genetic variants and demonstrate particular dietary habits may have an increased risk of gastric cancer compared with those who do not carry high-risk genetic *** dietary patterns and variations in the frequency of genetic variants may explain the higher incidence of gastric cancer in a particular ***,most previous studies have limitations,such as a small sample size and a retrospective casecontrol *** addition,past studies have been unable to elucidate the specific mechanism in gene-diet interaction associated with gastric ***:Additional large prospective epidemiological and experimental studies are required to identify the gene-diet metabolic pathways related to gastric cancer susceptibility.

关键词： Gastric cancer Gene Diet Interaction

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