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Mobility of rhenium and selenium during chemical weathering and their implication for petrogenic organic carbon oxidation

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Science china Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 740-750页

作者： Yuhong ZHANG jin WANG Yuanxin QU Chao ZHU Zhangdong jin State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi'an 710061China Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

The oxidative weathering of petrogenic organic carbon(OC_(petro)) is an important source of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) into the atmosphere on geological timescales and significantly influences the carbon cycle and global climate change. However, at present, a robust proxy to assess OC_(petro)oxidation is lacking. Riverine rhenium(Re) has emerged as a potential proxy to trace OC_(petro)oxidation, but little is known about Re sources and its relationship with OC_(petro)oxidation. To better understand the robustness of this proxy, we analyzed a shale weathering profile from the early Cambrian Shuijingtuo Formation in Chengkou County, Chongqing City, to address the mobility of Re and selenium(Se) and their relationship with the oxidation of OC_(petro)by analyses of the elemental variation and sequential extraction. The results showed that the chemical index of alteration(CIA)increases from the fresh bedrock to the weathered sections, indicating enhanced weathering intensity. Based on the sequential extraction and mass transfer coefficients(τ), Re and Se mainly exist in the organic phase of shale and are paired lost with OC_(petro) during weathering, with no obvious correlation with sulfide minerals. Furthermore, the different proportions of Re and Se loss with OC_(petro) loss can be attributed to their different geochemical behaviors during weathering. Our study supports Re as a robust proxy to trace OC_(petro) oxidation, whereas Se is the potential one. In the future, combined studies on various sedimentary rock profiles with catchment basins are needed to determine the sources of riverine Re and Se and their relationships with OC_(petro) oxidation.

关键词： Rhenium and selenium Shale Mobility OC_(petro) Chemical weathering

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Three-dimensional interconnected graphene network-based high-performance air electrode for rechargeable zinc‒air batteries

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SusMat 2024年第3期4卷 192-203页

作者： Jia-xing An Yu Meng Hong-Bo Zhang Yuanzhi Zhu Xiaohua Yu Ju Rong Peng-Xiang Hou Chang Liu Hui-Ming Cheng jin-Cheng Li Faculty of Chemical Engineering Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus MaterialsKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyangChina Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina

Although zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are regarded as one of the most prospective energy storage devices,their practical application has been restricted by poor air electrode ***,we developed a free-standing air electrode that is fabricated on the basis of a multifunctional three-dimensional interconnected graphene ***,a three-dimensional interconnected graphene network with fast mass and electron transport ability,prepared by catalyzing growth of graphene foam on nickel foam and then filling reduced graphene oxide into the pores of graphene foam,is used to anchor iron phthalocyanine molecules with atomic Fe-N_(4)sites for boosting the oxygen reduction during discharging and nanosized FeNi hydroxides for accelerating the oxygen evolution during *** a result,the obtained air electrode exhibited an ultra-small electrocatalytic overpotential of 0.603 V for oxygen reactions,a high peak power density of 220.2mWcm^(-2),and a small and stable charge-discharge voltage gap of 0.70 V at 10mA cm^(-2)after 1136 ***,in situ Raman spectroscopy together with theoretical calculations confirmed that phase transformation of FeNi hydroxides takes place fromα-Ni(OH)_(x)toβ-Ni(OH)_(x)toγ-Ni^((3+δ)+)OOH for the oxygen evolution reaction and Ni is the active center while Fe enhances the activity of Ni active sites.

关键词： in situ Raman interconnected graphene network iron phthalocyanine NiFe hydroxide zinc‒air battery

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A PDGFRβ-targeting nanodrill system for pancreatic fibrosis therapy

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chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 353-359页

作者： Han Han Bi-Te Chen Jia-Rong Ding jin-Ming Si Tian-Jiao Zhou Yi Wang Lei xing Hu-Lin Jiang State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of PharmaceuticsChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China College of Pharmacy .Yanbian UniversityYanji 133002China Department of Nephrology Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

Activated pancreatic stellate cells(PSCs)are the main source of collagen layer deposition and the key target in pancreatic ***,no effective treatment specific to pancreatic fibrosis clinically,owing to the drug accumulation blocked by the collagen barrier and thus it is difficult to inhibit activated PSCs ***,a PSCs-targeting nano-system based on“nanodrill”strategy(LA-PC)was designed to enhance the accumulation of all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA)in PSCs,relying on the platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta(PDGFRβ)-targeting peptide(p PB:C*SRNLIDC*)and collagenase(Col).After being injected into fibrotic mice via tail vein,the Col modified on LA-PC can remove the excess collagen layer,and the drug delivery efficiency through pPB targeting peptide was more than 5 times higher than that of free ATRA,as well as the degree of fibrosis significantly ***,this nano-system effectively inhibited platelet-derived growth factor subunit B(PDGF-BB)/PDGFRβaxis on PSCs via a down-regulated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase(ERK)pathway,and accordingly reduced the level of ***,the smart platform provided a promising strategy for the treatment of pancreatic fibrosis to achieve the precise regulation of PSCs.

关键词： Pancreatic fibrosis Pancreatic stellate cells Liposome PDGFRβ pPB peptide

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Recent Progresses of the DAMPE Mission

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空间科学学报 2024年第4期44卷 633-642页

作者： CHANG jin Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210033 School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)is a space high-energy particle andγ-ray detector whose major scientific goals are the indirect detection of dark matter particles,the origin of cosmic rays and highenergyγ-ray *** its successful launch in December 2015,the DAMPE has been operated smoothly in orbit for more than 8 *** direct measurements of the boron-to-carbon and boron-to-oxygen flux ratios,and the proton+Helium spectrum up to 316 TeV have been obtained,revealing new spectral features with very high *** search results ofγ-ray spectral line and fractionally charged particles indicate a good potential of DAMPE for indirect dark matter detection and new physical discovery in *** DAMPE measurements are expected to significantly advance our understanding of the fundamental problems in astroparticle physics.

关键词： DAMPE Dark matter Indirect detection Cosmic rays

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Nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane oxidation

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 361-368页

作者： Cheng-Cheng Dang Yin-Zhu jin Xin Tan Wen-Bo Nie Yang Lu Bing-Feng Liu De-Feng xing Nan-Qi Ren Guo-Jun Xie State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150090China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Region's Eco-Environment Ministry of EducationCollege of Environment and EcologyChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Water Innovation and Smart Environment Laboratory School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia

Ethane,the second most abundant gaseous hydrocarbon in vast anoxic environments,is an overlooked greenhouse *** anaerobic oxidation of ethane can be driven by available electron acceptors such as sulfate and ***,despite nitrite being a more thermodynamically feasible electron acceptor than sulfate or nitrate,little is known about nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane *** this study,a microbial culture capable of nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane oxidation was enriched through the long-term operation of a nitrite-and-ethane-fed *** continuous operation,the nitrite removal rate and the theoretical ethane oxidation rate remained stable at approximately 25.0 mg NO_(2) eN L^(-1) d^(-1) and 11.48 mg C2H6 L^(-1) d^(-1),*** tests demonstrated that ethane is essential for nitrite removal in this microbial *** function analysis revealed that a species affiliated with a novel genus within the family Rhodocyclaceae,designated as'Candidatus Alkanivoras nitrosoreducens',may perform the nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane *** the proposed metabolic model,despite the absence of known genes for ethane conversion to ethyl-succinate and succinate-CoA ligase,'***'encodes a prospective fumarate addition pathway for anaerobic ethane oxidation and a complete denitrification pathway for nitrite reduction to *** findings advance our understanding of nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane oxidation,highlighting the previously overlooked impact of anaerobic ethane oxidation in natural ecosystems.

关键词： Anaerobic ethane oxidation Denitrification Microbial culture Fumarate addition pathway Greenhouse gas

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The water-soluble TF3 component from Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker promotes tibial fracture healing in rats by promoting osteoblast proliferation and angiogenesis

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Journal of Traditional chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第2期11卷 245-254页

作者： Binghao Shao xing Chen jin'ge Du Shuang Zou Zhaolong Chen jing Wang Huaying Jiang Ruifang Lu Wenlan Wang Chunmei Wang School of Life Sciences Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China School of Materia Medica Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China King's British Heart Foundation Center School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and SciencesLondonSE59NUUK

Objective To determine the active components of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker(Tu Bie Chong)and explore the mechanisms underlying its fracture-healing *** A modified Einhorn method was used to develop a rat tibial fracture *** of bone healing was assessed using radiological *** O/fast green and CD31 immunohistochemical staining were performed to evaluate the growth of bone cells and angiogenesis at the fracture *** blue and wound healing assays were used to analyze cell viability and *** Transwell assay was used to explore the invasion capacity of the *** formation assays were used to assess the angiogenesis capacity of human vascular endothelial cells(HUVECs).qRT-PCR was used to evaluate the changes in gene transcription *** Tu Bie Chong fraction 3(TF3)significantly shortened the fracture healing time in model rats.X-ray results showed that on day 14,fracture healing in the TF3 treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group(P=.0086).Tissue staining showed that cartilage growth and the number of H-shaped blood vessels at the fracture site of the TF3 treatment group were better than those of the control *** vitro,TF3 significantly promoted the proliferation and wound healing of MC3T3-E1s and HUVECs(all P<.01).Transwell assays showed that TF3 promoted the migration of HUVECs,but inhibited the migration of MC3T3-E1 *** formation experiments confirmed that TF3 markedly promoted the ability of vascular endothelial cells to form *** expression analysis revealed that TF3 significantly promoted the expression of VEGFA,SPOCD1,NGF,and NGFR in *** MC3T3-E1 cells,the transcript levels of RUNX2 and COL2A1 were significantly elevated following TF3 *** TF3 promotes fracture healing by promoting bone regeneration associated with the RUNX2 pathway and angiogenesis associated with the VEGFA pathway.

关键词： Tu Bie Chong Water-solube component Fracture Rats Osteoblast Angiogenesis

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Acetylacetone-TiO_(2) Promoted Large Area Compatible Cascade Electron Transport Bilayer for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 221-228页

作者： Hyong Joon Lee jin Kyoung Park jin Hyuck Heo Sang Hyuk Im Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University145 Anam-ro Seongbuk-guSeoul 17104Korea

In designing efficient perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the selection of suitable electron transport layers(ETLs)is critical to the final device performance as they determine the driving force for selective charge ***_(2)nanoparticles(NPs)based ETLs have been a popular choice for PSCs due to superior electron mobility,but their relatively deep-lying conduction band energy levels(ECB)result in substantial potential ***,TiO_(2)NPs establish favorable band alignment owing to shallower ECB,but their low intrinsic mobility and abundant surface trap sites impede the final *** this reason,constructing a cascaded bilayer ETL is highly desirable for efficient PSCs,as it can rearrange energy levels and exploit on advantages of an individual *** this study,we prepare SnO_(2)NPs and acetylacetone-modified TiO_(2)(Acac-TiO_(2))NPs and implement them as bilayer SnO_(2)/Acac-TiO_(2)(BST)ETL,to assemble cascaded energy band ***_(2)contributes to rapid charge carrier transport from high electron mobility while Acac-TiO_(2)minimizes band-offset and effectively suppresses interfacial ***,the optimized BST ETL generates synergistic influence and delivers power conversion efficiency(PCE)as high as 23.14%with open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))reaching 1.14 ***,the BST ETL is transferred to a large scale and the corresponding mini module demonstrates peak performance of 18.39%PCE from 25 cm^(2)aperture ***,the BST-based mini module exhibit excellent stability,maintaining 83.1%of its initial efficiency after 1000 h under simultaneous 1 Sun light-soaking and damp heat(85℃/RH 85%)environment.

关键词： acetylacetone large area perovskite solar cells TiO_(2)

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Causal temporal graph attention network for fault diagnosis of chemical processes

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chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第6期70卷 20-32页

作者： Jiaojiao Luo Zhehao jin Heping jin Qian Li Xu Ji Yiyang Dai School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China china Three Gorges Corporation Beijing 100038China

Fault detection and diagnosis(FDD)plays a significant role in ensuring the safety and stability of chemical *** the development of artificial intelligence(AI)and big data technologies,data-driven approaches with excellent performance are widely used for FDD in chemical ***,improved predictive accuracy has often been achieved through increased model complexity,which turns models into black-box methods and causes uncertainty regarding their *** this study,a causal temporal graph attention network(CTGAN)is proposed for fault diagnosis of chemical processes.A chemical causal graph is built by causal inference to represent the propagation path of *** attention mechanism and chemical causal graph were combined to help us notice the key variables relating to fault *** in the Tennessee Eastman(TE)process and the green ammonia(GA)process showed that CTGAN achieved high performance and good explainability.

关键词： Chemical processes Safety Fault diagnosis Causal discovery Attention mechanism Explainability

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Bi-Frobenius Algebra Structures on Quantum Complete Intersections

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第6期40卷 1481-1504页

作者： Hai jin Pu ZHANG School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240P.R.China

This paper is to look for bi-Frobenius algebra structures on quantum complete intersections over field *** find a class of comultiplications,such that if√−1∈k,then a quantum complete intersection becomes a bi-Frobenius algebra with comultiplication of this form if and only if all the parameters qij=±***,it is proved that if√−1∈k then a quantum exterior algebra in two variables admits a bi-Frobenius algebra structure if and only if the parameter q=±√*** if−1/∈k,then the exterior algebra with two variables admits no bi-Frobenius algebra *** prove that the quantum complete intersections admit a bialgebra structure if and only if it admits a Hopf algebra structure,if and only if it is commutative,the characteristic of k is a prime p,and every ai a power of *** also provides a large class of examples of bi-Frobenius algebras which are not bialgebras(and hence not Hopf algebras).In commutative case,other two comultiplications on complete intersection rings are given,such that they admit non-isomorphic bi-Frobenius algebra structures.

关键词： Bi-Frobenius algebras coalgebras bialgebras Hopf algebras quantum complete intersections quantum exterior algebras

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Innovation and Firm Co-ownership Network in china’s Electric Vehicle Industry

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chinese Geographical Science 2024年第2期34卷 195-209页

作者： jin Zerun ZHU Shengjun College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratory for Earth Surface Pro-cesses of the Ministry of Education Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Firms are embedded in complex networks,where diverse ideas combine and generate new *** of firms are of-ten seen as critical external resources that have significant influence on firm *** current literature tends to focus on the rela-tionship between firms and their shareholders,while paying less attention to the connections between firms with the same *** article identifies two types of network spillover effects,intra-city network effect and inter-city network effect,by visualizing the co-ownership networks in china’s electric vehicle(EV)*** find that firms with the same shareholders,which are defined as co-owned EV firms,are more innovative than non-co-owned ***,there are two dominant types of firm co-ownership ties formed by corporate and financial institution *** corporate shareholders help exploiting local tacit knowledge,financial institutions are more active in bridging inter-city *** conclusion is confirmed at both firm and city *** paper theor-izes the firm co-ownership network as a new form of institutional proximity and tested the result *** policy consideration,we have emphasized the importance of building formal or informal inter-firm network,and the government should further enhance the knowledge flow channel by institutional construction.

关键词： firm co-ownership intra-city network inter-city network technological innovation electric vehicle china

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