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Deep learning-based software engineering: progress,challenges, and opportunities

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 57-144页

作者： Xiangping CHEN Xing HU Yuan HUANG He JIANG Weixing JI Yanjie JIANG Yanyan JIANG Bo LIU Hui LIU Xiaochen LI Xiaoli LIAN Guozhu MENG Xin PENG Hailong SUN Lin SHI Bo WANG Chong WANG Jiayi WANG Tiantian WANG jifeng xuan Xin XIA Yibiao YANG Yixin YANG Li ZHANG Yuming ZHOU Lu ZHANG School of Journalism and Communication Sun Yat-sen University School of Software Technology Zhejiang University School of Software Engineering Sun Yat-sen University School of Software Dalian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies (Peking University) Ministry of EducationSchool of Computer Science Peking University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Computer Science Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Complex & Critical Software Environment (CCSE) School of Software Beihang University School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science Wuhan University Huawei Technologies

Researchers have recently achieved significant advances in deep learning techniques, which in turn has substantially advanced other research disciplines, such as natural language processing, image processing, speech recognition, and software engineering. Various deep learning techniques have been successfully employed to facilitate software engineering tasks, including code generation, software refactoring, and fault localization. Many studies have also been presented in top conferences and journals, demonstrating the applications of deep learning techniques in resolving various software engineering tasks. However,although several surveys have provided overall pictures of the application of deep learning techniques in software engineering,they focus more on learning techniques, that is, what kind of deep learning techniques are employed and how deep models are trained or fine-tuned for software engineering tasks. We still lack surveys explaining the advances of subareas in software engineering driven by deep learning techniques, as well as challenges and opportunities in each subarea. To this end, in this study, we present the first task-oriented survey on deep learning-based software engineering. It covers twelve major software engineering subareas significantly impacted by deep learning techniques. Such subareas spread out through the whole lifecycle of software development and maintenance, including requirements engineering, software development, testing, maintenance, and developer collaboration. As we believe that deep learning may provide an opportunity to revolutionize the whole discipline of software engineering, providing one survey covering as many subareas as possible in software engineering can help future research push forward the frontier of deep learning-based software engineering more systematically. For each of the selected subareas,we highlight the major advances achieved by applying deep learning techniques with pointers to the available datasets i

关键词： deep learning software engineering software benchmark software artifact representation survey

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Developer recommendation on bug commenting:a ranking approach for the developer crowd

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第7期60卷 159-176页

作者： jifeng xuan He JIANG Hongyu ZHANG Zhilei REN State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering School of Computer Wuhan University School of Software Dalian University of Technology Microsoft Research Asia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Newcastle

A bug tracking system provides a collaborative platform for the developer crowd. After a bug report is submitted, developers can make comments to supplement the details of the bug report. Due to the large number of developers and bug reports, it is hard to determine which developer(also called commenter) is able to comment on a particular bug report. We refer to the problem of recommending developers for commenting on bug reports as commenter recommendation. In this paper, we perform an empirical analysis on commenter recommendation based on five-year bug reports of four open source projects. First, we preliminarily analyze bug comments and commenters in three categories, the relationship between commenters and fixers, the data scale of comments, and the collaboration on bug commenting. Second, we design a recommendation approach via ranking developers in the crowd to reduce the manual effort of identifying commenters. In this approach,we formulize the commenter recommendation problem as a multi-label recommendation task and leverage both developer collaboration and bug content to find out appropriate commenters. Experimental results show that our approach can effectively recommend commenters; 41% to 75% of the recall value is achieved for top-10 recommendation. Our empirical analysis on bug commenting can help developers understand and improve the process of fixing bugs.

关键词： developer recommendation bug comments empirical analysis recommendation for the crowd collaborative filtering software repositories

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Feature based problem hardness understanding for requirements engineering

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第3期60卷 88-107页

作者： Zhilei REN He JIANG jifeng xuan Shuwei ZHANG Zhongxuan LUO Key Laboratory for Ubiquitous Network and Service Software of Liaoning Province Dalian University of Technology School of Software Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Wuhan University

Heuristics and metaheuristics have achieved great accomplishments in various fields, and the investigation of the relationship between these algorithms and the problem hardness has been a hot topic in the research field. Related research work has contributed much to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the algorithms for problem solving. However, most existing studies consider traditional combinatorial problems as their case studies. In this study, taking the Next Release Problem(NRP) from the requirements engineering as a case study, we investigate the relationship between software engineering problem instances and heuristics. We employ an evolutionary algorithm to evolve NRP instances, which are uniquely hard or easy for the target heuristic(Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure and Randomized Hill Climbing in this paper). Then, we use a feature-based method to estimate the hardness of the evolved instances, with respect to the target heuristic. Experimental results demonstrate that, evolutionary algorithm can be used to evolve NRP instances that are uniquely hard or easy to solve. Moreover, the features enable the estimation of the target heuristics’ performance.

关键词： problem hardness next release problem computational intelligence requirements engineering evolution algorithm

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Misleading classification

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2014年第5期57卷 103-119页

作者： JIANG He xuan jifeng REN ZhiLei WU YouXi WU XinDong School of Software Dalian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Software Hebei University of Technology Computer Science Department University of Vermont

In this paper,we investigate a new problem–misleading classification in which each test instance is associated with an original class and a misleading *** goal for the data owner is to form the training set out of candidate instances such that the data miner will be misled to classify those test instances to their misleading classes rather than original *** discuss two cases of misleading *** the case where the classification algorithm is unknown to the data owner,a KNN based Ranking Algorithm(KRA)is proposed to rank all candidate instances based on the similarities between candidate instances and test *** the case where the classification algorithm is known,we propose a Greedy Ranking Algorithm(GRA)which evaluates each candidate instance by building up a classifier to predict the test *** addition,we also show how to accelerate GRA in an incremental way when naive Bayes is employed as the classification *** on 16 UCI data sets indicated that the ranked candidate instances by KRA can achieve promising leaking and misleading *** the classification algorithm is known,GRA can dramatically outperform KRA in terms of leaking and misleading rates though more running time is required.

关键词： misleading classification naive Bayes K-nearest neighbor

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JUTA:一个Java自动化单元测试工具

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计算机研究与发展 2010年第10期47卷 1840-1848页

作者：严俊郭涛阮辉玄跻峰中国科学院软件研究所中国信息安全测评中心大连理工大学数学科学学院

描述了一个Java自动化的单元测试工具***首先调用工具Soot解析单个Java方法的源码,并将源码解析成一个控制流图.在此基础上,采用符号执行的方法分析控制流图上的路径.工具能够自动地产生满足覆盖率标准的程序的测试用例.这种方法产生的... 详细信息

描述了一个Java自动化的单元测试工具***首先调用工具Soot解析单个Java方法的源码,并将源码解析成一个控制流图.在此基础上,采用符号执行的方法分析控制流图上的路径.工具能够自动地产生满足覆盖率标准的程序的测试用例.这种方法产生的所有测试用例都是可执行的,并且一般来说具有较小的测试用例数.如果用户能够合理地给出描述程序错误的断言,框架JUTA能够自动地检查源码中部分特定类型的错误.实验结果表明工具对Java单元代码的动态测试和静态测试均能在可接受的时间内给出有效的结果.

关键词： Java单元测试动态测试静态测试程序分析符号执行

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Three-dimensional fracture of UO2 ceramic pellets by phase field modeling

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 169-180页

作者： Wei Xiong xuan Ye Hongzhang Cheng Xiaoming Liu Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Fracture is the primary failure type for the UO2ceramic pellets,which are operated under irradiation and thermal processes,and physically confined by the *** this work,by combining closely coupled physical processes of heat conduction,heat transfer,and mechanical deformation with the cohesive phase field framework,we proposed a high-precision modeling of quasistatic cracking of three-dimensional （3D） UO2ceramic fuel pellets under high temperature and *** simulation results agree well with the experimental results,indicating that the proposed method has the potential to capture 3D crack modes in the interested time ***,we studied the relation of the 3D fracture patterns of fuel pellets with the peak power *** was found that the power level plays a critical role in determining the competition between radial and circumferential cracks,as well as transverse penetrating cracks.

关键词： phase field method nuclear fuel pellet coupled thermo-mechanical model thermal fracture

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Emerging progress: photochemical transformation of nitroso compounds

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 118-133页

作者： Ze-Le Chen Qiang-Qiang Li Armido Studer Jun xuan Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Anhui University Organisch-Chemisches Institut Universitat Münster

Nitroso compounds have emerged as highly valuable reaction partners or reagents in organic synthesis due to their rich *** versatile profile of these compounds allows them to function as electrophiles, nucleophiles, diradicals, and radical acceptors in diverse transformations. In recent years, notable progress has been made in harnessing photochemical reactions with nitroso compounds to prepare N,O-containing structures using mild and eco-friendly conditions. Various nitroso compounds like nitrosoarenes, acyloxy nitroso compounds, N-nitrosoamines and nitrites have received significant attention for their ability to introduce NO moieties into complex molecules that are otherwise difficult to access. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advancements in the visible light-induced conversion of nitroso compounds, with particular emphasis on their role as bifunctional reagents and acceptors of radicals, carbenes and nitrenes.

关键词： nitroso compounds photochemistry radical reaction carbene transformation nitrosoarenes

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软件崩溃研究进展

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中国科学：信息科学 2019年第11期49卷 1383-1398页

作者：顾咏丰马萍贾向阳江贺玄跻峰武汉大学计算机学院武汉430072 大连理工大学软件学院大连116621

软件崩溃指程序的意外中断,是软件故障的一种严重表现形式.软件崩溃危害巨大:一方面,崩溃发生的反复性会带来较差的用户体验并影响公司的声誉;另一方面,崩溃发生的突然性会给用户造成巨大的甚至无法挽回的损失.随着现代软件的规模和复... 详细信息

软件崩溃指程序的意外中断,是软件故障的一种严重表现形式.软件崩溃危害巨大:一方面,崩溃发生的反复性会带来较差的用户体验并影响公司的声誉;另一方面,崩溃发生的突然性会给用户造成巨大的甚至无法挽回的损失.随着现代软件的规模和复杂性不断增大,如何有效地防止和应对软件崩溃成为了热门研究问题.本文从软件崩溃的分析、重现、定位修复这3个方面出发,简要地回顾和总结了近年来软件崩溃的研究进展.

关键词：软件崩溃崩溃分析崩溃重现崩溃定位崩溃修复程序调试程序异常处理

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Investigating Müller glia reprogramming in mice: a retrospective of the last decade, and a look to the future

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 946-959页

作者： Zhiyuan Yin Jiahui Kang xuan Cheng Hui Gao Shujia Huo Haiwei Xu Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration&Restoration of Chongqing Southwest Eye HospitalSouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)ChongqingChina

Müller glia,as prominent glial cells within the retina,plays a significant role in maintaining retinal homeostasis in both healthy and diseased *** lower vertebrates like zebrafish,these cells assume responsibility for spontaneous retinal regeneration,wherein endogenous Müller glia undergo proliferation,transform into Müller glia-derived progenitor cells,and subsequently regenerate the entire retina with restored ***,Müller glia in the mouse and human retina exhibit limited neural reprogramming.Müller glia reprogramming is thus a promising strategy for treating neurodegenerative ocular disorders.Müller glia reprogramming in mice has been accomplished with remarkable success,through various *** in molecular,genetic,epigenetic,morphological,and physiological evaluations have made it easier to document and investigate the Müller glia programming process in ***,there remain issues that hinder improving reprogramming efficiency and ***,understanding the reprogramming mechanism is crucial toward exploring factors that will improve Müller glia reprogramming efficiency,and for developing novel Müller glia reprogramming *** review describes recent progress in relatively successful Müller glia reprogramming *** also provides a basis for developing new Müller glia reprogramming strategies in mice,including epigenetic remodeling,metabolic modulation,immune regulation,chemical small-molecules regulation,extracellular matrix remodeling,and cell-cell fusion,to achieve Müller glia reprogramming in mice.

关键词： cell fusion chemical small-molecules epigenetic extracellular matrix immune metabolic mice Müller glia neurodegenerative diseases reprogramming retina regeneration

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Wafer‑Scale Vertical 1D GaN Nanorods/2D MoS_(2)/PEDOT:PSS for Piezophototronic Effect‑Enhanced Self‑Powered Flexible Photodetectors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 102-116页

作者： Xin Tang Hongsheng Jiang Zhengliang Lin xuan Wang Wenliang Wang Guoqiang Li State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China Department of Electronic Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China

van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures constructed by lowdimensional(0D,1D,and 2D)materials are emerging as one of the most appealing systems in next-generation flexible ***,hand-stacked vdW-type photodetectors are not compatible with large-areaarray fabrication and show unimpressive performance in self-powered ***,vertical 1D GaN nanorods arrays(NRAs)/2D MoS_(2)/PEDOT:PSS in wafer scale have been proposed for self-powered flexible photodetectors arrays *** as-integrated device without external bias under weak UV illumination exhibits a competitive responsivity of 1.47 A W^(−1)and a high detectivity of 1.2×10^(11)Jones,as well as a fast response speed of 54/71μs,thanks to the strong light absorption of GaN NRAs and the efficient photogenerated carrier separation in type-II ***,the strain-tunable photodetection performances of device have been ***,the device at−0.78%strain and zero bias reveals a significantly enhanced photoresponse with a responsivity of 2.47 A W^(−1),a detectivity of 2.6×10^(11)Jones,and response times of 40/45μs,which are superior to the state-of-the-art self-powered flexible *** work presents a valuable avenue to prepare tunable vdWs heterostructures for self-powered flexible photodetection,which performs well in flexible sensors.

关键词： Vertical nanorod arrays van der Waals heterostructure Piezophototronic effect Self-powered photodetection Flexible sensors

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