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Cavity optomechanics

Fundamental Research 2023年第1期3卷 1-2页

作者： jie-qiao liao Chun-Hua Dong Min Wang Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

Cavity optomechanics,a fast-developing research frontier related to quantum physics,optics,and nano-science,addresses the radiationpressure couplings between the electromagnetic fields in cavities and the mechanical oscillation of micro-and nano-scale mechanical resonators,and explores the fundamental physical phenomena and effects induced by the optomechanical interactions,as well as the applications of optomechanical effects to modern quantum technologies.

关键词： quantum frontier optics

Photon blockade effect in a coupled cavity system

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Photon blockade effect in a coupled cavity system

An approach for formation design and flight performance prediction based on aerodynamic formation unit:Energy-saving considerations

第十八届全国量子光学学术会议

作者：邹芬 Deng-Gao Lai jie-qiao liao 湖南师范大学 Hunan Normal University

We study the photon blockade effect in a coupled cavity system, which is formed by a linear cavity coupled to a Kerr-type nonlinear cavity via a photon-hopping interaction. We explain the physical phenomenon from the viewpoint of the conventional and unconventional photon blockade effects. The corresponding physical mechanisms of these two photon blockade effects are based on the anharmonicity in eigenenergy spectrum and the destructive quantum interference between two different transition paths, respectively. In particular, we find that the quantum interference effect also exists in the conventional photon blockade regime. Our results are confirmed by analytically and numerically solving the quantum master equation and calculating the second-order correlation function of the cavity fields. This model is general and hence it can be implemented in various experimental setups such as coupled optical cavity systems, coupled photon-magnon systems, and coupled superconducting-resonator systems. We present some discussions on the experimental implementation.

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 77-91页

作者： Nanxuan qiao Tielin MA Xiangsheng WANG jie WANG Jingcheng FU Pu XUE School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute of Unmanned System Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Intelligent Unmanned Flight System Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100191China School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China Beijing Institute of Space Long March Vehicle Beijing 100076China

The performance improvement of swarm drones through aerodynamic shape optimization may be challenging due to folded size constraints imposed by the specific launch approach.However,fixed-wing aircraft swarms can benefit from formation flight in terms of energy consumption.This study introduces the concept of the"aerodynamic formation unit",which consists of two or three aircraft that form an inseparable unit of the formation.Considering the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)distribution and wingtip vortex interference in the formation,two typical aerodynamic formation units are optimized by the variable-fidelity aerodynamic optimization method based on space mapping.The aerodynamic characteristics of the formation UAVs that affect flight performance,such as lift-to-drag ratio(L/D ratio)and static stability are analyzed by Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)simulations.The L/D ratio(cruising condition)of the following aircraft can be increased by 22.8%and 57.5%in the optimal units that involve two and three aircraft respectively.Moreover,this study conducts several CFD simulations for multi-aircraft formations formed by the units,which show that the average L/D ratio of the formation can be improved by more than 19%.These results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the"aerodynamic formation unit"concept and the optimization framework for formation parameters.

关键词： Formation flight CFD Aerodynamic formation unit Wingtip vortices Foldable tandem-wing aircraft

Geographical patterns and determinants of insect biodiversity in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1255-1265页

作者： Huizhong Fan Tongyi Liu Youhua Chen Ziyan liao Jun Chen Yibo Hu Gexia qiao Fuwen Wei CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&China-Croatia“Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Insects play important roles in the maintenance of ecosystem functioning and the provision of livelihoods for millions of people.However,compared with terrestrial vertebrates and angiosperms,such as the giant panda,crested ibis,and the metasequoia,insect conservation has not attracted enough attention,and a basic understanding of the geographical biodiversity patterns for major components of insects in China is lacking.Herein,we investigated the geographical distribution of insect biodiversity across multiple dimensions(taxonomic,genetic,and phylogenetic diversity)based on the spatial distribution and molecular DNA sequencing data of insects.Our analysis included 18 orders,360 families,5,275 genera,and 14,115 species of insects.The results revealed that Southwestern and Southeastern China harbored higher insect biodiversity and numerous older lineages,representing a museum,whereas regions located in Northwestern China harbored lower insect biodiversity and younger lineages,serving as an evolutionary cradle.We also observed that mean annual temperature and precipitation had significantly positive effects,whereas altitude had significantly negative effects on insect biodiversity in most cases.Moreover,cultivated vegetation harbored the highest insect taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity,and needleleaf and broadleaf mixed forests harbored the highest insect genetic diversity.These results indicated that human activities may positively contribute to insect spatial diversity on a regional scale.Our study fills a knowledge gap in insect spatial diversity in China.These findings could help guide national-level conservation plans and the post-2020 biodiversity conservation framework.

关键词： insect spatial patterns multiple dimensions driving factors vegetation types

Surgical treatment of an old avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity and ischial ramus: A case report

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 94-100页

作者： Zi-Ru Chen Shi-jie liao Fu-Chun Yang Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Hand Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND Avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity is a relatively clinically rare type of trauma that is mainly incurred by adolescents during competitive sports activities.According to previous literature,the most commonly involved sports are soccer,sprinting,and gymnastics,in descending order.Dance-induced avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity and ischial ramus is extremely clinically rare.CASE SUMMARY A case of a neglected avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity and ischial ramus was diagnosed in a young female dancer who complained of pain and restricted movement of her right hip.She stated that she had suffered the injury while performing a split leap during a dance performance 9 mo prior.Eventually,she underwent surgery and obtained satisfactory treatment results.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis of these fractures is important to ensuring early proper treatment towards a quicker recovery.For old fractures with nonunion and chronic buttock pain,surgery is a preferred therapeutic choice with good treatment outcomes.

关键词： Ischial tuberosity Ischial ramus Avulsion fracture Delayed diagnosis Splitleap injury Case report

A New Method to Identify the Maximum Time Interval between Individual Events in Compound Rainstorm and Heatwave Events

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 453-466页

作者： Junlin Zhang Wei Xu Yu qiao Xinli liao Chenna Meng Qinmei Han Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education Beijing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration

Growing evidence indicates that extreme heat and rain may occur in succession within short time periods and cause greater impacts than individual events separated in time and space. Therefore, many studies have examined the impacts of compound hazard events on the social-ecological system at various scales. The definition of compound events is fundamental for such research. However, there are no existing studies that support the determination of time interval between individual events of a compound rainstorm and heatwave(CRH) event, which consists of two or more potentially qualifying component heatwave and rainstorm events. To address the deficiency in defining what individual events can constitute a CRH event, this study proposed a novel method to determine the maximum time interval for CRH events through the change in CRH event frequency with increasing time interval between individual events, using southern China as a case study. The results show that the threshold identified by the proposed method is reasonable. For more than 90% of the meteorological stations, the frequency of CRH events has reached a maximum when the time interval is less than or equal to the threshold. This study can aid in time interval selection, which is an important step for subsequent study of CRH events.

关键词： Compound extreme weather event Rainstorm and heatwave Southern China Threshold Time interval

Association of daily sitting time and leisure-time physical activity with body fat among U.S.adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 195-203页

作者： Jingwen liao Min Hu Kellie Imm Clifton J.Holmes jie Zhu Chao Cao Lin Yang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion Guangzhou Sport UniversityGuangzhou 510500China Scientific Research Center Guangzhou Sport UniversityGuangzhou 510500China Division of Epidemiology&Genetics Department of Population and Public Health SciencesKeck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Center for Human Nutrition Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai East HospitalTongji UniversityShanghai 200070China Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Alberta Health ServicesCalgary T2S 3C3Canada Department of Oncology and Community Health Sciences University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada

Background:Prolonged sitting and reduced physical activity lead to low energy expenditures.However,little is known about the joint impact of daily sitting time and physical activity on body fat distribution.We investigated the independent and joint associations of daily sitting time and physical activity with body fat among adults.Methods:This was a cross-sectional analysis of U.S.nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey2011-2018 among adults aged 20 years or older.Daily sitting time and leisure-time physical activity(LTPA)were self-reported using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire.Body fat(total and trunk fat percentage)was determined via dual X-ray absorptiometry.Results:Among 10,808 adults,about 54.6%spent 6 h/day or more sitting;more than one-half reported no LTPA(inactive)or less than 150 min/week LTPA(insufficiently active)with only 43.3%reported 150 min/week or more LTPA(active)in the past week.After fully adjusting for sociodemographic data,lifestyle behaviors,and chronic conditions,prolonged sitting time and low levels of LTPA were associated with higher total and trunk fat percentages in both sexes.When stratifying by LTPA,the association between daily sitting time and body fat appeared to be stronger in those who were inactive/insuufficiently active.In the joint analyses,inactive/insuufficiently active adults who reported sitting more than 8 h/day had the highest total(female:3.99%(95%confidence interval(95%CI):3.09%-4.88%);male:3.79%(95%CI:2.75%-4.82%))and trunk body fat percentages(female:4.21%(95%CI:3.09%-5.32%);male:4.07%(95%CI:2.95%-5.19%))when compared with those who were active and sitting less than 4 h/day.Conclusion:Prolonged daily sitting time was associated with increased body fat among U.S.adults.The higher body fat associated with 6 h/day sitting may not be offset by achieving recommended levels of physical activity.

关键词： Adults Body fat distribution Physical activity Sitting time

Transcriptomic analysis identifies the neuropeptide cortistatin (CORT) as an inhibitor of temozolomide (TMZ) resistance by suppressing the NF-kB-MGMT signaling axis in human glioma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 385-399页

作者： Zongze He Bo Peng Qi Wang jie Tian Ping Liu jie Feng Yiwei liao Longyi Chen Ping Jia Jian Tang Department of Neurosurgery Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan 610072China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan 610072China Department of Neurosurgery Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China

Glioma is a common tumor originating in the brain that has a high mortality rate.Temozolomide(TMZ)is the first-line treatment for high-grade gliomas.However,a large pro-portion of gliomas are resistant to TMZ,posing a great challenge to their treatment.In the study,the specific functions and mechanism(s)by which cortistatin(CORT)regulates TMZ resis-tance and glioma progression were evaluated.The decreased expression of CoRT was detected in glioma tissues,and highly expressed CORT was associated with a better survival rate in pa-tients with glioma.CORT overexpression notably decreased the capacity of glioma cells to pro-liferate and migrate in vitro and to form tumors in vivo.CORT overexpression also markedly suppressed the viability and enhanced the apoptosis of TMZ-resistant U251 cells by regulating MGMT,p21,and Puma expression.Importantly,CORT overexpression reduced the resistance of gliomas to TMZ in vivo.CORT expression Was negatively correlated with MGMT expression in both glioma tissues and cells,and it was found that CORT inhibited NF-kB pathway activation in glioma cells,thereby inhibiting MGMT expression.In conclusion,CORT regulates glioma cell growth,migration,apoptosis,and TMZ resistance by weakening the activity of NF-kB/p65 and thereby regulating MGMT expression.The CORT/NF-kB/MGMT axis might be regarded as a molecular mechanism contributing to the resistance of glioma to TMZ.Our data also suggest that CORT regulates the viability and metastatic potential of glioma cells,independent of its effects on TMZ resistance,providing evidence of novel therapeutic targets for glioma that should be evaluated infurther studies.

关键词： Cortistatin Glioma MGMT NF-kB pathway Temozolomide

NFT Security Matrix:Towards Modeling NFT Ecosystem Threat

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3255-3285页

作者： Peng liao Chaoge Liu jie Yin Zhi Wang Xiang Cui Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100094China Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China

Digital assets have boomed over the past few years with the emergence of Non-fungible Tokens(NFTs).To be specific,the total trading volume of digital assets reached an astounding$55.5 billion in 2022.Nevertheless,numerous security concerns have been raised by the rapid expansion of the NFT ecosystem.NFT holders are exposed to a plethora of scams and traps,putting their digital assets at risk of being lost.However,academic research on NFT security is scarce,and the security issues have aroused rare attention.In this study,the NFT ecological process is comprehensively explored.This process falls into five different stages encompassing the entire lifecycle of NFTs.Subsequently,the security issues regarding the respective stage are elaborated and analyzed in depth.A matrix model is proposed as a novel contribution to the categorization of NFT security issues.Diverse data are collected from social networks,the Ethereum blockchain,and NFT markets to substantiate our claims regarding the severity of security concerns in the NFT ecosystem.From this comprehensive dataset,nine key NFT security issues are identified from the matrix model and then subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis.This study aims to shed light on the severity of NFT ecosystem security issues.The findings stress the need for increased attention and proactive measures to safeguard the NFT ecosystem.

关键词： Non-fungible token blockchain cyber security