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A Heuristic Sampling Method for Maintaining the Probability Distribution

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2021年第4期36卷 896-909页

作者： jiao-yun yang Jun-Da Wang Yi-Fang Zhang Wen-Juan Cheng Lian Li Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data of Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601China National Smart EldeTca/re International Science and Technology Coopemtion Base Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601China School of Computer Science and Information Engirwering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230601China School of Mathematics Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230601China

Sampling is a fundamental method for generating data *** many data analysis methods are developed based on probability distributions,maintaining distributions when sampling can help to ensure good data analysis ***,sampling a minimum subset while maintaining probability distributions is still a *** this paper,we decompose a joint probability distribution into a product of conditional probabilities based on Bayesian networks and use the chi-square test to formulate a sampling problem that requires that the sampled subset pass the distribution test to ensure the ***,a heuristic sampling algorithm is proposed to generate the required subset by designing two scoring functions:one based on the chi-square test and the other based on likelihood *** on four types of datasets with a size of 60000 show that when the significant difference level,a,is set to 0.05,the algorithm can exclude 99.9%,99.0%,93.1%and 96.7%of the samples based on their Bayesian networks-ASIA,ALARM,HEPAR2,and ANDES,*** subsets of the same size are sampled,the subset generated by our algorithm passes all the distribution tests and the average distribution difference is approximately 0.03;by contrast,the subsets generated by random sampling pass only 83.8%of the tests,and the average distribution difference is approximately 0.24.

关键词： Bayesian network chi-square test sampling probability distribution

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Exploring pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis by proteomics: A pilot study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第48期23卷 8489-8499页

作者： Chui-Wen Deng Li Wang yun-yun Fei Chao-Jun Hu yun-jiao yang Lin-Yi Peng Xiao-Feng Zeng Feng-Chun Zhang Yong-Zhe Li Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Ministry of Education

AIM To explore the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis(PBC) by identifying candidate autoantibodies in serum samples by proteomics and *** Nine antimitochondrial antibody(AMA)-positive PBC patients and nine age-and sex-matched AMA-negative PBC patients were recruited. Antigen enrichment technology was applied to capture autoantigens of human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells(Hi BECs) that are recognized by autoantibodies from the sera of PBC patients. Candidate autoantigens were identified by label-free mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics analysis with Max Quant software(version 1.***.2.8),DAVID platform,and Cytoscape v.3.0 allowed illustration of pathways potentially involved in the pathogenesis of *** In total,1081 candidate autoantigen proteins were identified from the PBC patient pool. Among them,371 were determined to be significantly differentially expressed between AMA-positive and-negative PBC patients(P < 0.05). Fisher's exact test was performed for enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology protein annotations(biological processes,cellular components,and molecular functions) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Significantly different protein categories were revealed between AMA-positive and-negative PBC patients. As expected,autoantigens related to mitochondria were highly enriched in AMApositive PBC patients. However,lower levels of AMA were also detected in AMA-negative PBC patients. In addition,autoantigens of AMA-negative PBC patients were mainly involved in B-cell activation,recognition of phagocytosis,and complement *** AMA-negative PBC individuals may not exist,but rather,those patients exhibit pathogenesis pathways different from those of AMA-positive PBC. Comprehensive research is needed to confirm these observations.

关键词： Anti-mitochondrial antibody Bioinformatics Pathogenesis Primary biliary cholangitis Proteomics

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Connective tissue diseases in primary biliary cirrhosis:A population-based cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第31期19卷 5131-5137页

作者： Li Wang Feng-Chun Zhang Hua Chen Xuan Zhang Dong Xu Yong-Zhe Li Qian Wang Li-Xia Gao yun-jiao yang Fang Kong Ke Wang Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Ministry of Education Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Rheumatology Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050000 Hebei Province China Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College

AIM:To establish the frequency and clinical features of connective tissue diseases(CTDs)in a cohort of Chinese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC).METHODS:Three-hundred and twenty-two Chinese PBC patients were screened for the presence of CTD,and the systemic involvement was *** differences in clinical features and laboratory findings between PBC patients with and without CTD were *** diversity of incidence of CTDs in PBC of different countries and areas was *** the comparison of normally distributed data,Student’s t test was used,while non-parametric test(Wilcoxon test)for the non-normally distributed data and 2×2χ2or Fisher’s exact tests for the ***:One-hundred and fifty(46.6%)PBC patients had one or more *** most common CTD was Sj gren’s syndrome(SS,121 cases,36.2%).There were nine cases of systemic sclerosis(SSc,2.8%),12of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE,3.7%),nine of rheumatoid arthritis(RA,2.8%),and 10 of polymyositis(PM,3.1%)in this *** to patients with PBC only,the PBC+SS patients were more likely to have fever and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),higher serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)levels and more frequent rheumatoid factor(RF)and interstitial lung disease(ILD)incidences;PBC+SSc patients had higher frequency of ILD;PBC+SLE patients had lower white blood cell(WBC)count,hemoglobin(Hb),platelet count,γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and immunoglobulin M levels,but higher frequency of renal involvement;PBC+RA patients had lower Hb,higher serum IgG,alkaline phosphatase,faster ESR and a higher ratio of RF positivity;PBC+PM patients had higher WBC count and a tendency towards myocardial ***:Besides the common liver manifestation of PBC,systemic involvement and overlaps with other CTDs are not infrequent in Chinese *** overlapping with other CTDs,PBC patients manifested some special clinical and laboratory features which may have effect on the prognosis.

关键词： Cirrhosis Biliary Connective tissue disease Sjogren’s syndrome Systemic sclerosis Raynaud phenomenon

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The detection, extraction and parameter estimation of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals with deep learning

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 86-96页

作者： Qianyun yun Wen-Biao Han Yi-yang Guo He Wang Minghui Du Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoE Lanzhou University Institute of Theoretical Physics & Research Center of Gravitation Lanzhou University International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific (ICTP-AP) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Center for Gravitational Wave Experiment National Microgravity Laboratory Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

One of the primary goals of space-borne gravitational wave detectors is to detect and analyze extreme-mass-ratio inspirals(EMRIs). This task is particularly challenging because EMRI signals are complex, lengthy, and faint. In this work, we introduce a2-layer convolutional neural network(CNN) approach to detect EMRI signals for space-borne detectors, achieving a true positive rate(TPR) of 96.9% at a 1% false positive rate(FPR) for signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) from 50 to 100. Especially, the key intrinsic parameters of EMRIs such as the mass, spin of the supermassive black hole(SMBH) and the initial eccentricity of the orbit can also be inferred directly by employing a neural network. The mass and spin of the SMBH can be determined at 99% and 92% respectively. This will greatly reduce the parameter spaces and computing cost for the following Bayesian parameter *** model also has a low dependency on the accuracy of the waveform model. This study underscores the potential of deep learning methods in EMRI data analysis, enabling the rapid detection of EMRI signals and efficient parameter estimation.

关键词： gravitational wave EMRIs deep-learing

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The low-latitude sodium layer:comparative data from lidar observations at Hainan,China and São Paulo,Brazil

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 39-53页

作者： Fang Wu Jing jiao GuoTao yang LiFang Du ZhengKuan Liu HaoRan Zheng JiXin Guo ShaoHua Gong YaJun Zhu State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Hainan National Field Science Observation and Research Observatory for Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China-Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather NSSC/INPESão Josédos Campos 12227-010Brazil School of Physics and Electronics Engineering Hainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China

Physical and chemical processes observed in the mesosphere and thermosphere above the Earth’s low latitudes are complex and highly interrelated to activity in the low-latitude *** sodium detected by lidar can yield clues to dynamic and chemical processes in these spatial layers above the Earth’s *** paper is based on sodium layer data collected at two low-latitude stations,one in the northern hemisphere and one in the *** low-latitude sodium layer exhibits conspicuous seasonal variations in shape,density,and altitude;these variations are similar between Earth’s hemispheres:sodium layer density at both stations reaches its seasonal maximum in autumn and minimum in ***,maximal Na density over Brazil is greater than that over *** variations of Na density above the two low-latitude stations are also similar;at both,maxima are observed before *** variations of the Na layer over Brazil that differ from those observed in the northern hemisphere may be related to the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly(SAMA)or fountain *** suggest that low-latitude Na layer data may provide useful additional evidence that could significantly improve the low-latitude part of the WACCM-Na model.

关键词： metallic sodium layer seasonal variation nocturnal variation lidar

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The autophagy-lysosome pathway:a potential target in the chemical and gene therapeutic strategies for Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 139-158页

作者： Fengjuan jiao Lingyan Meng Kang Du Xuezhi Li School of Mental Health Jining Medical UniversityJiningShandong ProvinceChina Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental DisordersInstitute of Mental HealthJining Medical UniversityJiningShandong ProvinceChina

Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disease with movement disorders associated with the intracytoplasmic deposition of aggregate proteins such asα-synuclein in *** one of the major intracellular degradation pathways,the autophagy-lysosome pathway plays an important role in eliminating these *** evidence has shown that upregulation of the autophagy-lysosome pathway may contribute to the clearance ofα-synuclein aggregates and protect against degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s ***,multiple genes associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease are intimately linked to alterations in the autophagy-lysosome ***,this pathway appears to be a promising therapeutic target for treatment of Parkinson’s *** this review,we briefly introduce the machinery of ***,we provide a description of the effects of Parkinson’s disease–related genes on the autophagy-lysosome ***,we highlight the potential chemical and genetic therapeutic strategies targeting the autophagy–lysosome pathway and their applications in Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： autophagy chemical therapy gene therapy Parkinson’s disease α-synuclein

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Advances in the Development of Gradient Scaffolds Made of Nano-Micromaterials for Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration

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NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-46页

作者： Fang, Lei Lin, Xiaoqi Xu, Ruian Liu, Lu Zhang, Yu Tian, Feng Li, jiao jiao Xue, Jiajia Beijing Univ Chem Technol Beijing Lab Biomed Mat Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Chem Technol State Key Lab Organ Inorgan Composites Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Univ Technol Sydney Fac Engn & IT Sch Biomed Engn Sydney NSW 2007 Australia

This review highlights the gradient variations in the structural composition of musculoskeletal tissues and comprehensively examines recent progress in the fabrication and application of biomimetic gradient scaffolds for musculoskeletal *** challenges and prospects of gradient scaffolds for clinical application are discussed. The intricate hierarchical structure of musculoskeletal tissues, including bone and interface tissues, necessitates the use of complex scaffold designs and material structures to serve as tissue-engineered substitutes. This has led to growing interest in the development of gradient bone scaffolds with hierarchical structures mimicking the extracellular matrix of native tissues to achieve improved therapeutic outcomes. Building on the anatomical characteristics of bone and interfacial tissues, this review provides a summary of current strategies used to design and fabricate biomimetic gradient scaffolds for repairing musculoskeletal tissues, specifically focusing on methods used to construct compositional and structural gradients within the scaffolds. The latest applications of gradient scaffolds for the regeneration of bone, osteochondral, and tendon-to-bone interfaces are presented. Furthermore, the current progress of testing gradient scaffolds in physiologically relevant animal models of skeletal repair is discussed, as well as the challenges and prospects of moving these scaffolds into clinical application for treating musculoskeletal injuries.

关键词： Gradient scaffolds Musculoskeletal tissues Advanced manufacturing Biomaterials Tissue regeneration

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Sex-dependent alterations in extracellular vesicles linking chronic spinal cord injury to brain neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 483-484页

作者： yun Li Junfang Wu Department of Anesthesiology&Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research(STAR)CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Traumatic spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating exogenous injury with long-lasting consequences and a leading cause of death and disability *** in assistive technology,rehabilitative interventions,and the ability to identify and intervene in secondary conditions have significantly increased the long-term survival rate of SCI patients,with some people even living well into their seventh or eighth *** survival changes have led neurotrauma researchers to examine how SCI interacts with brain *** health and epidemiological data showed that patients with long-term SCI can have a lower life expectancy and quality of life,along with a higher risk of comorbidities and complications.

关键词： alterations inflammation injury

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High-energy-density lithium manganese iron phosphate for lithium-ion batteries: Progresses, challenges, and prospects

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 1-17页

作者： Bokun Zhang Xiaoyun Wang Shuai Wang Yan Li Libo Chen Handong jiao Zhijing Yu Jiguo Tu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

The soaring demand for smart portable electronics and electric vehicles is propelling the advancements in high-energy–density lithium-ion *** manganese iron phosphate (LiMnxFe1-xPO4) has garnered significant attention as a promising positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its advantages of low cost,high safety,long cycle life,high voltage,good high-temperature performance,and high energy *** LiMnxFe1-xPO4has made significant breakthroughs in the past few decades,there are still facing great challenges in poor electronic conductivity and Li-ion diffusion,manganese dissolution affecting battery cycling performance,as well as low tap *** review systematically summarizes the reaction mechanisms,various synthesis methods,and electrochemical properties of LiMnxFe1-xPO4to analyze reaction processes accurately and guide material ***,the main challenges currently faced are concluded,and the corresponding various modification strategies are discussed to enhance the reaction kinetics and electrochemical performance of LiMnxFe1-xPO4,including multi-scale particle regulation,heteroatom doping,surface coating,as well as microscopic morphology ***,in view of the current research challenges faced by intrinsic reaction processes,kinetics,and energy storage applications,the promising research directions are *** importantly,it is expected to provide key insights into the development of high-performance and stable LiMnxFe1-xPO4materials,to achieve practical energy storage requirements.

关键词： Lithium manganese iron phosphate High energy density Lithium-ion batteries Reaction mechanism Tap density

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SensFL:Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning with Sensitive Regularization

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 385-404页

作者： Chongzhen Zhang Zhichen Liu Xiangrui Xu Fuqiang Hu jiao Dai Baigen Cai Wei Wang School of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Shuohuang Railway Development Co. Ltd.National Energy GroupCangzhou062350China Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation School of Computer Science and TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

In the realm of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems,effective multi-party collaboration is crucial due to concerns over privacy and data *** Federated Learning(VFL)has emerged as a promising approach to facilitate such collaboration,allowing diverse entities to collectively enhance machine learning models without the need to share sensitive training ***,existing works have highlighted VFL’s susceptibility to privacy inference attacks,where an honest but curious server could potentially reconstruct a client’s raw data from embeddings uploaded by the *** vulnerability poses a significant threat to VFL-based intelligent railway transportation *** this paper,we introduce SensFL,a novel privacy-enhancing method to against privacy inference attacks in ***,SensFL integrates regularization of the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data into the model training process,effectively limiting the information contained in shared *** reducing the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data,SensFL can effectively resist reverse privacy attacks and prevent the reconstruction of the original data from the *** experiments were conducted on four distinct datasets and three different models to demonstrate the efficacy of *** results show that SensFL can effectively mitigate privacy inference attacks while maintaining the accuracy of the primary learning *** results underscore SensFL’s potential to advance privacy protection technologies within VFL-based intelligent railway systems,addressing critical security concerns in collaborative learning environments.

关键词： Vertical federated learning privacy defenses

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