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The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak

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Engineering 2021年第11期7卷 1523-1528页

作者： jiangang li Yuanxi Wan the EAST team Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

*** New sustainable energy is urgently needed to meet the fastgrowing requirement for clean energy in this *** 80%of the world’s energy is still generated by burning fossil fuels,resulting in pollution and climate *** realize long-term sustainable development,it is necessary to explore large-scale new energy sources that do not produce carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),within the next few decades.

关键词： energy Tokamak sustainable

Effects of low-vacuum helium cold plasma treatment on seed germination,plant growth and yield of oilseed rape

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第9期20卷 120-126页

作者： ling li jiangang li Hanliang SHAO Yuanhua DONG Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210008 People's Republic of China Institute of Botany Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210014 People's Republic of China Changzhou Zhongke Changtsi Plasma Processing Apparatus Plasma Technology Corporation Changzhou213022 People's Republic of China

The effects of low-vacuum helium cold plasma treatment on the seed germination,plant growth and yield of oilseed rape（Brassica napus *** 9） were *** were exposed to low-vacuum helium cold plasma ranging from 0-120 W for 15 *** plasma increased the germination,plant growth and yield of oilseed rape,and the treatment of 100 W provided the best *** germination rate,germination and vigor indices,and uniformity of emergence were improved by cold plasma *** plasma raised the relative conductivity and water uptake,and reduced the apparent contact *** characteristics of plant growth,including plant height,stem diameter,dry weights of shoot and root at the seedling,bolting and flowering stages were increased by the cold plasma *** components,including pod numbers per plant and 1000 seed weights were increased by the cold plasma ***,the yield per plant increased by 28.20%.These results suggest that cold plasma treatment has the potential to improve the yield of oilseed rape through the enhancement of permeability,wettability and capacity of water uptake of the seeds,seed germination and plant growth.

关键词： cold plasma oilseed rape germination yield

超高压处理对“和尚头”小麦淀粉结构和特性的影响

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食品与发酵工业 2024年第6期50卷 138-143页

作者：张晓萌陈金凤李建刚陈瑞喜周治屹张盛贵甘肃农业大学理学院甘肃兰州730070 甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院甘肃兰州730070

该文以西北特产的旱地“和尚头”小麦粉为材料,采用超高压处理对小麦淀粉进行改性,并研究改性淀粉的结构和特性。实验结果表明,与原淀粉相比,100~400 MPa处理下,小颗粒淀粉所占的比重增加(P<0.05),随着处理压力的增加,淀粉颗粒膨胀和聚... 详细信息

该文以西北特产的旱地“和尚头”小麦粉为材料,采用超高压处理对小麦淀粉进行改性,并研究改性淀粉的结构和特性。实验结果表明,与原淀粉相比,100~400 MPa处理下,小颗粒淀粉所占的比重增加(P<0.05),随着处理压力的增加,淀粉颗粒膨胀和聚集,粒径变大;400 MPa处理下的溶解度和膨胀度分别比原淀粉降低了27.32%和8.84%;100 MPa压力处理后,淀粉的T_(O)、T_(P)、T_(C)及ΔH均显著下降(P<0.05),处理压力达到400 MPa以上,检测不到热力学相关数据,表明此条件下小麦淀粉可能完全凝胶化。综上,压力超过400 MPa时,改性淀粉的结构和特性变化显著。

关键词：超高压处理小麦淀粉改性淀粉结构淀粉特性

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伊犁河谷流域山区和平原雨滴谱特征统计研究

高原气象 2024年第5期43卷 1271-1285页

作者：江雨霏杨莲梅李建刚曾勇仝泽鹏刘晶李浩阳李晓萌中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所新疆乌鲁木齐830002 新疆云降水物理与云水资源开发实验室新疆乌鲁木齐830002 西天山云降水物理野外科学观测基地新疆乌鲁木齐830002

雨滴谱是理解降水微物理特性和定量降水估测的基础,尤其是在降水机制复杂、时空变异性大的复杂地形中。本文利用Parsivel2激光雨滴谱仪对2020-2022年夏季伊犁河谷流域山区和平原不同降水强度和不同降水类型的雨滴谱特征进行了研究。结... 详细信息

雨滴谱是理解降水微物理特性和定量降水估测的基础,尤其是在降水机制复杂、时空变异性大的复杂地形中。本文利用Parsivel2激光雨滴谱仪对2020-2022年夏季伊犁河谷流域山区和平原不同降水强度和不同降水类型的雨滴谱特征进行了研究。结果表明:山区和平原降水主要以小雨滴为主,对降水强度R贡献最大的主要是中雨滴。山区降水和平原降水主要出现在午后至傍晚,山区降水大中型雨滴数浓度在各时间段均高于平原。随着雨强增大,雨滴谱的谱宽和各直径档的雨滴数浓度也随之增加,山区降水的大中型粒子数浓度在小雨和大雨时明显大于平原。在相同降水强度和降水类型的情况下,山区降水具有较大的质量加权平均直径(D_(m))和较小的标准化截断参数(log_(10)N_(w))。此外,伊犁河谷流域山区和平原的对流云滴谱均倾向于“大陆性对流簇”。研究发现,两地区降水的μ-Λ关系和Z-R关系也存在显著差异,Z=300R^(1.40)的经验关系显然高估了降水量。研究结果揭示了伊犁河谷流域不同地形条件下的降水微物理特征,为后续利用雷达资料反演降水提供可靠的事实依据。

关键词：伊犁河谷雨滴谱地形降水强度降水类型

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健康与患病河蟹池塘底泥微生物群落特征差异

土壤 2024年第2期56卷 358-366页

作者：陈友明葛家春李建刚夏爱军马行空董元华土壤与农业可持续发展重点实验室(中国科学院) 南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049 江苏省淡水水产研究所南京210017

本研究采集了江苏省扬中地区健康与患病河蟹池塘表层(0~5 cm)和深层(5~10 cm)的底泥,分析了不同池塘底泥的微生物群落特征和主要影响因子。结果表明,患病组底泥的pH(7.77)和全钾(1.78 g/kg)显著低于健康组(7.91和1.95 g/kg),而水溶性盐... 详细信息

本研究采集了江苏省扬中地区健康与患病河蟹池塘表层(0~5 cm)和深层(5~10 cm)的底泥,分析了不同池塘底泥的微生物群落特征和主要影响因子。结果表明,患病组底泥的pH(7.77)和全钾(1.78 g/kg)显著低于健康组(7.91和1.95 g/kg),而水溶性盐总量(1.50 g/kg)显著高于健康组(1.05 g/kg)。在0~10 cm深度范围的底泥中,健康组深层微生物多样性(Shannon)显著高于表层(P<0.05),而患病组深层的微生物丰富度(ACE和Chao)、多样性(Shannon)均显著高于表层(P<0.05)。两种池塘底泥微生物中的优势菌群均为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)。两种池塘存在包括芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)在内的多种差异菌群。RDA分析结果表明,全氮是影响河蟹池塘底泥微生物群落的主要环境因子。此外,决定健康池塘底泥微生物群落的环境因子还有水溶性盐、碳酸钙和全硫,而决定患病池塘底泥微生物群落的环境因子为有机质和p H。因此,底泥中芽孢杆菌和pH等可能是潜在影响河蟹健康的关键因素。本研究结果可为养殖河蟹池塘的微生态调控提供理论参考。

关键词：河蟹底泥理化性质微生物群落相关性分析

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五轴机床运动学建模与几何误差补偿

武汉科技大学学报 2024年第3期47卷 182-189页

作者：朱泽润吴积荣李建刚张文农许鋆段现银哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究院广东深圳518055 深圳市汇川技术股份有限公司技术研发中心广东深圳518101 武汉科技大学冶金装备及其控制教育部重点实验室湖北武汉430081

相对三轴机床,五轴机床包含三个线性轴和两个旋转轴,轴数和轴类型的增加使得五轴机床的几何误差建模更加复杂。本文基于齐次坐标变换理论,构建各线性轴和旋转轴的DH矩阵和误差矩阵,通过运动链配置关系获得考虑几何误差的五轴机床的运动... 详细信息

相对三轴机床,五轴机床包含三个线性轴和两个旋转轴,轴数和轴类型的增加使得五轴机床的几何误差建模更加复杂。本文基于齐次坐标变换理论,构建各线性轴和旋转轴的DH矩阵和误差矩阵,通过运动链配置关系获得考虑几何误差的五轴机床的运动学模型;基于梯度方法,构建轴空间和笛卡尔空间的微分运动映射雅克比矩阵;结合考虑误差的正运动学和误差映射模型,获得末端位姿偏差与轴端位置偏差的补偿量映射关系;实现考虑误差的通用五轴机床逆运动学迭代求解。仿真和分析证明所提方法可以有效改善机床各运动轴装配偏差引起的加工轮廓误差。

关键词：五轴机床装配精度运动学建模误差补偿轮廓误差

Detecting sand-dust storms using a wind-profiling radar

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第5期9卷 753-762页

作者： WANG Minzhong MING Hu HUO Wen XU Hongxiong li jiangang li Xingcai Institute of Desert Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Northwest Air Traffic Management Bureau Civil Aviation Administration of China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science School of Physics & Electrical Information Engineering Ningxia Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing for the Desert Information Ningxia University

Sand-dust storm is a type of disastrous weather, typically occurring in arid and semi-arid climates. This study selected a region in the hinterlands of the Taklimakan Desert, called the Tazhong region, as the experimental area to quantitatively estimate the particle concentrations of sand-dust storms using the boundary layer wind-profiling radar. We thoroughly studied the radar echo signals and reflectivity factor features during the sand-dust storms. The results indicate that（1） under sand-dust storm conditions, boundary layer wind-profiling radar cannot capture the complete information regarding horizontal wind velocity and direction, but it can obtain the backscattering intensity of sand-dust storms; and（2） during sand-dust storms particle size distributions in the surface layer closely resemble log-normal distributions, with sand-dust particles sizes of 90–100 μm accounting for the maximum particle probability. Retrieved particle size distributions at heights of 600, 800, and 1000 m follow log-normal distributions, and the expected value of particle diameter decreases gradually with increasing height. From the perspective of orders of magnitude, the retrieved results for particle number concentrations and mass concentrations are consistent with previous aircraft-detected results, indicating that it is basically feasible to use boundary layer wind-profiling radar to quantitatively detect the particle concentrations of dust storms.

关键词： echo signal mass concentration retrieval method sand-dust storm wind-profiling radar Taklimakan Desert

Spatio-temporal Pattern Characteristics of Relationship Between Urbanization and Economic Development at County Level in China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2019年第4期29卷 553-567页

作者： YANG Zhen ZHANG Xiaolei LEI Jun DUAN Zuliang li jiangang Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The relationship between China’s urbanization and economic development(RCUED) is an important concern nationwide. As important actors in regional strategy and policy, county-level regions have played an increasingly significant role in the development of China’s social economy. However, the existing research on the RCUED lacks the fine depiction of the county-level administrative *** 2000 and 2010 census data and the statistical analysis method, we uncovered the evolution characteristics of China’s urbanization and economic development and conducted a quantitative identification for the RCUED with improved methods using the quadrant map approach. In addition, we investigated the spatial correlation effect of the RCUED using the spatial autocorrelation analysis method. The results were as follows: 1) In general, a high degree of matching exists between China’s urbanization and economic development at the county level at the significance level of 0.01. The correlation coefficients between China’s urbanization and economic development in2000 and 2010 were 0.608 and 0.603, respectively. 2) A significant regional difference exists in the RCUED at the county level. Based on a comparative analysis of 2276 county units in China in the two years, we found that county units can be categorized as under-urbanized, basic coordination and over-urbanized in various areas. No situation was observed where urbanization seriously lagged behind the economic development level, so the levels of urbanization and economic development appear to be basically coordinated,and the coordination state may be gradually optimized over time. 3) Over time, the spatial dependency of the RCUED has weakened and the spatial heterogeneity has increased. Northeast China has always been an area characterized by over-urbanization. The number of county units classified as under-urbanized has begun to decline in eastern coastal urban agglomeration areas, while counties rich in resources have transforme

关键词： urbanization economic development relationship spatial-temporal pattern county China

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聚变能源研究态势及展望

中国工程科学 2024年第4期26卷 190-197页

作者：彭先觉高翔李建刚刘永邓建军李正宏周良骥师学明天府创新能源研究院成都610213 北京应用物理与计算数学研究所北京100088 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所合肥230031 核工业西南物理研究院成都610213 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所四川绵阳621900 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所四川绵阳621900

聚变能源开发有望重塑未来能源发展格局,正处于突破工程能量“得失相当”的关键阶段,机遇与挑战并存。本文总结了聚变能源研究的主要进展,凝练了能量平衡尚未实现、氚自持尚未得到验证、实现高可利用率难度极高、耐辐照材料开发进展缓... 详细信息

聚变能源开发有望重塑未来能源发展格局,正处于突破工程能量“得失相当”的关键阶段,机遇与挑战并存。本文总结了聚变能源研究的主要进展,凝练了能量平衡尚未实现、氚自持尚未得到验证、实现高可利用率难度极高、耐辐照材料开发进展缓慢、使用经济性普遍较差等发展挑战。在梳理国际热核聚变实验堆(ITER)计划的共性基础技术突破、成员国配套研究的基础上,归纳了我国磁约束聚变研究的整体规划、自主项目部署、技术路线跟踪等方面的进展。进一步,围绕我国自主提出的Z箍缩聚变裂变混合堆(Z-FFR)概念,阐述了基本原理、应用优势、系列进展,提出了面向2040年实现商业化供能目标的发展规划,涵盖关键技术攻关、工程演示、商业发电推广等阶段的任务目标。为了全面推进我国聚变能源开发进程,建议在磁约束聚变方面深入参与ITER计划和相关国际合作,攻克商用聚变堆关键物理与工程技术,开展中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)主机关键部件研发并适时建设和运营CFETR;在Z-FFR方面,加快“电磁驱动大科学装置”建设,开展聚变能源关键技术攻关,推进Z-FFR工程演示和商业应用。

关键词：聚变能源磁约束聚变中国聚变工程实验堆 Z箍缩聚变裂变混合堆商业化供能

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