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Discrepancy in Response of Rice Yield and Soil Fertility to Long-Term Chemical Fertilization and Organic Amendments in Paddy Soils Cultivated from Infertile Upland in Subtropical China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第2期10卷 259-266页

作者： LIU Ming LI Zhong-pei ZHANG Tao-lin jiang chun-yu CHE yu-ping State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008P.R.China Graduate University Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049P.R.China

From 1990,over 17 years field experiment was carried out in paddy field cultivated from infertile upland to evaluate the response of rice productivity,soil organic carbon（SOC）,and total N to long-term NPK fertilization or NPK combined with organic *** field trials included NPK（N,P,K fertilizer）,NPKRS（NPK combined with rice straw）,NPK2RS（NPK combined with double amount of rice straw）,NPKPM（NPK combined with pig manure） and NPKGM（NPK combined with green manure） and the cropping system was rice-rice（Oryza sativa L.） *** rice yield,straw biomass,and harvesting index increased steadily with cultivation time in all *** annual rice yield from 1991 to 2006 was ranged from 7 795 to 8 572 kg ha-1 among *** yields in treatments with organic amendments were usually higher than that in treatment with *** of SOC and total N also increased gradually in the cultivation years and reached the level of 7.82 to 9.45 and 0.85 to 1.03 g kg-1,respectively,in *** fertilities in treatments with chemical fertilization combined with organic amendments were relatively appropriate than those in treatment with *** was obvious discrepancy between cumulative characters of rice yield and soil organic fertility in newly formed paddy *** with relatively high rate of crop productivity improvement,cumulative rates of SOC and total N were much lower in our *** and total N contents were still less than half of those in local highly productive paddy soils after 17 years cultivation in subtropical *** work helps to better understand the development of infertile paddy soils and to estimate the potential of yield improvement in this region.

关键词： paddy field rice yield SOC total N long-term field experiment

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Combustion characteristics of tannery sludge and volatilization of heavy metals in combustion

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2010年第7期11卷 530-537页

作者： Xu-guang jiang chun-yu LI Zhen-wei FEI Yong CHI Jian-hua YAN State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Incineration is considered one of the most readily available techniques for sewage sludge disposal, including tannery sludge, which often contains significant amounts of volatile heavy metals. The combustion characteristics and kinetic analysis of tannery sludge were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at a heating rate of 30 °C/min in 50–950 °C. In addition to confirming that tannery sludge has a high content of volatile material and ash, it was further discovered that almost all the zinc (Zn) in tannery sludge is volatilized at 900 °C. The degree of volatilization for heavy metals at 900 °C followed the order of Zn>Cd>Cu>Mn>Pb>Cr. Moreover, the volatilization of these heavy metals increased with temperature. It is thus concluded that, to avoid heavy metal volatization during incineration disposal, 800 °C is a reasonable incineration temperature.

关键词： Tannery sludge Combustion Heavy metal volatilization Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) Combustion kinetics

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Soil N transformation and microbial community structure as affected by adding biochar to a paddy soil of subtropical China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第1期15卷 209-219页

作者： LI Ming LIU Ming LI Zhong-pei jiang chun-yu WU Meng State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nenjing 210008 P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 PR. China

We have had little understanding on the effects of different types and quantities of biochar amendment on soil N transformation process and the microbial properties. In this study, various biochars were produced from straw residues and wood chips, and then added separately to a paddy soil at rates of 0.5, 1 and 2% （w/w）. The effects of biochar application on soil net N mineralization and nitrification processes, chemical and microbial properties were examined in the laboratory experiment. After 135 d of incubation, addition of straw biochars increased soil pH to larger extent than wood biochars. The biochar-amended soils had 37.7, 7.3 and 227.6% more soil organic carbon （SOC）, available P and K contents, respectively, than the control soil. The rates of net N mineralization and nitrification increased significantly as biochars quantity rose, and straw biochars had greater effect on N transformation rate than wood biochars. Soil microbial biomass carbon increased by 14.8, 45.5 and 62.5% relative to the control when 0.5, 1 and 2% biochars （both straw- and wood-derived biochars）, respectively, were added. Moreover, biochars amendments significantly enhanced the concentrations of phospholipid fatty acids （PLFAs）, as the general bacteria abundance increased by 161.0% on average. Multivariate analysis suggested that the three rice straw biochar （RB） application levels induced different changes in soil microbial community structure, but there was no significant difference between RB and masson pine biochar （MB） until the application rate reached 2%. Our results showed that biochars amendment can increase soil nutrient content, affect the N transformation process, and alter soil microbial properties, all of which are biochar type and quantity dependent. Therefore, addition of biochars to soil may be an appropriate way to disposal waste and improve soil quality, while the biochar type and addition rate should be taken into consideration before its large-scale application in

关键词： straw biochar wood biochar N transformation phospholipid fatty acids multivariate analysis

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Analytical solution of coal-bed methane migration with slippage effects in hypotonic reservoir

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Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China) 2011年第2期17卷 137-141页

作者： XIAO Xiao-chun PAN Yi-shan yu Li-yan jiang chun-yu School of Mechanics and Engineering Liaoning Technical University Fuxin 123000 China

Using theoretical analysis, the single-phase gas seepage mathematical model influenced by slippage effects was established. The results show that the pressure of producing wells attenuates more violently than the wells without slippage effects. The decay rate of reservoir pressure is more violent as the Klinkenherg factor increases. The gas prediction output gradually increases as the Klinenberg factor increases when considering gas slippage effects. Through specific examples, analyzed the law of stope pore pressure and gas output forecast changing in a hypotonic reservoir with slippage effects. The results have great theoretical significance in the study of the law of coal-bed methane migration in hypotonic reservoirs and for the exploitation of coal-bed methane.

关键词： slippage effect hypotonic reservoir Klinkenberg factor analysis solution

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Optimize nitrogen fertilization location in root-growing zone to increase grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of transplanted rice in subtropical China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第9期16卷 2073-2081页

作者： WU Meng LIU Ming LIU Jia LI Wei-tao jiang chun-yu LI Zhong-pei State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008P.R.China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China

The optimized nitrogen fertilization location differs in different rice-growing regions. We optimized nitrogen deep-point application in root-growing zone（NARZ） for transplanted rice in subtropical China. Field plot experiments were conducted over two years（2014–2015） in a double-rice cropping system to evaluate the effects of nitrogen（N） fertilizer location on grain yield and N use efficiency（NUE）. Four different nitrogen deep-point application methods（DN） were compared with traditional broadcast application（BN） using granular urea. The results showed that grain yield, recovery efficiency of N（REN）, agronomic efficiency of N（AEN）, and partial factor productivity of N（PFP_N） significantly increased 10.3–63.4, 13.7–56.7, 24.7–201.9 and 10.2–63.4%, respectively, in DN treatment compared to BN, respectively. We also find that DN treatments increased grain yield as well as grain N content, and thus grain quality, in comparison with conventional BN treatment. Correlation analysis indicated that significant improvement in grain yield and NUE mainly resulted from increases in productive panicle number and grain N content. In our proposed NARZ method, granular urea should be placed 0 to 5 cm around the rice seeding at a 12-cm depth druing rice transplanting. In NARZ, balanced application of N, P and K further improved grain yield and NUE over treatments with a single N deep-point application. High N uptake by the rice plant did not cause significant soil fertility depletion, demonstrating that this method could guarantee sustainable rice production.

关键词： N recovery efficiency grain yield deep-point application N application in root-growing zone

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Ideal Bi‑Based Hybrid Anode Material for Ultrafast Charging of Sodium‑Ion Batteries at Extremely Low Temperatures

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 152-167页

作者： Jie Bai Jian Hui Jia yu Wang chun Cheng Yang Qing jiang Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Jilin University) Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130022People’s Republic of China

Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as competitive substitutes for low-temperature applications due to severe capacity loss and safety concerns of lithium-ion batteries at−20°C or ***,the key capability of ultrafast charging at ultralow temperature for SIBs is rarely ***,a hybrid of Bi nanoparticles embedded in carbon nanorods is demonstrated as an ideal material to address this issue,which is synthesized via a high temperature shock *** a hybrid shows an unprecedented rate performance(237.9 mAh g^(−1) at 2 A g^(−1))at−60℃,outperforming all reported SIB anode *** with a Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode,the energy density of the full cell can reach to 181.9 Wh kg^(−1) at−40°*** on this work,a novel strategy of high-rate activation is proposed to enhance performances of Bi-based materials in cryogenic conditions by creating new active sites for interfacial reaction under large current.

关键词： Bi nanoparticles High temperature shock High-rate activation Ultrafast charging Low-temperature sodium-ion batteries

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Assembly and co-occurrence patterns of rare and abundant bacterial sub-communities in rice rhizosphere soil under short-term nitrogen deep placement

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第12期20卷 3299-3311页

作者： LI Gui-long WU Meng LI Peng-fa WEI Shi-ping LIU Jia jiang chun-yu LIU Ming LI Zhong-pei State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China Soil and Fertilizer&Resources and Environment Institute Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200P.R.China

Nitrogen(N)deep placement has been found to reduce N leaching and increase N use efficiency in paddy ***,relatively little is known how bacterial consortia,especially abundant and rare taxa,respond to N deep placement,which is critical for understanding the biodiversity and function of agricultural *** this study,lllumina sequencing and ecological models were conducted to examine the diversity patterns and underlying assembly mechanisms of abundant and rare taxa in rice rhizosphere soil under different N fertilization regimes at four rice growth stages in paddy *** results showed that abundant and rare bacteria had distinct distribution patterns in rhizosphere *** bacteria showed ubiquitous distribution;while rare taxa exhibited uneven distribution across all *** processes dominated community assembly of both abundant and rare bacteria,with dispersal limitation playing a more vital role in abundant bacteria,and undominated processes playing a more important role in rare *** N deep placement was associated with a greater influence of dispersal limitation than the broadcast N fertilizer(BN)and no N fertilizer(NN)treatments in abundant and rare taxa of rhizosphere soil;while greater contributions from homogenizing dispersal were observed for BN and NN in rare *** analysis indicated that abundant taxa with closer relationships were usually more likely to occupy the central position of the network than rare ***,most of the keystone species were rare taxa and might have played essential roles in maintaining the network ***,these findings highlighted that the ecological mechanisms and co-occurrence patterns of abundant and rare bacteria in rhizosphere soil under N deep placement.

关键词： rare bacteria community assembly network analysis co-occurrence patterns N deep placement

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Bacterial diversity and community composition changes in paddy soils that have different parent materials and fertility levels

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第10期20卷 2797-2806页

作者： MA Xin-ling LIU Jia CHEN Xiao-fen LI Wei-tao jiang chun-yu WU Meng LIU Ming LI Zhong-pei State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China Soil and Fertilizer&Resources and Environment Institute Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200P.R.China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303P.R.China

Parent materials and the fertility levels of paddy soils are highly variable in subtropical *** diversity and community composition play pivotal roles in soil ecosystem processes and ***,the effects of parent material and fertility on bacterial diversity and community composition in paddy soils are *** key soil factors driving the changes in bacterial diversity,community composition,and the specific bacterial species in soils that are derived from different parent materials and have differing fertility levels are *** samples were collected from paddy fields in two areas with different parent materials(quaternary red clay or tertiary sandstone)and two levels of fertility(high or low).The variations in bacterial diversity indices and communities were evaluated by 454 pyrosequencing which targeted the V4–V5 region of the 16S rRNA *** effects of parent material and fertility on bacterial diversity and community composition were clarified by a two-way ANOVA and a two-way PERMANOVA.A principal coordinate analysis(PCoA),a redundancy analysis(RDA),and multivariate regression trees(MRT)were used to assess changes in the studied variables and identify the factors affecting bacterial community ***-occurrence network analysis was performed to find correlations between bacterial genera and specific soil properties,and a statistical analysis of metagenomic profiles(STAMP)was used to determine bacterial genus abundance differences between the soil *** contributions made by parent material and soil fertility to changes in the bacterial diversity indices were comparable,but soil fertility accounted for a larger part of the shift in bacterial community composition than the parent *** properties,especially soil texture,were strongly associated with bacterial *** RDA showed that soil organic carbon(SOC)was the primary factor influencing bacterial community composition.A key threshold for SOC(25.5 g k

关键词： microorganisms soil biodiversity soil fertility soil texture soil nutrients

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ISSR-Based Molecular Characterization of an Elite Germplasm Collection of Sweet Potato(Ipomoea batatas L.) in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第11期13卷 2346-2361页

作者： ZHANG Kai WU Zheng-dan LI Yan-hua ZHANG Han WANG Liang-ping ZHOU Quan-lu TANG Dao-bin FU yu-fan HE Feng-fa jiang yu-chun YANG Hang WANG Ji-chun College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Southwest University Sweet Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture Ministry of Education The Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanchong Institute of Agricultural Sciences College of Life Science Southwest University

To determine the genetic diversity and population structure of sweet potato accessions cultivated in China, and to establish the genetic relationships among their germplasm types, a representative collection of 240 accessions was analyzed using inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. The mean genetic similarity coefifcient, Nei’s gene diversity, and shared allele distance of tested sweet potato accessions were 0.7302, 0.3167 and 0.2698, respectively. The 240 accessions could be divided into six subgroups and ifve subpopulations based on neighbor-joining （NJ） clustering and STRUCTURE results, and obvious genetic relationships among the tested sweet potato accessions were identiifed. The marker-based NJ clustering and population structure showed no distinct assignment pattern corresponding to lfesh color or geographical ecotype of the tested sweet potato germplasm. Analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） revealed small but signiifcant difference between white and orange-lfeshed sweet potato accessions. Small but signiifcant difference were also observed among sweet potato accessions from the Southern summer-autumn sweet potato region, the Yellow River Basin spring and summer sweet potato region and the Yangtze River Basin summer sweet potato region. This study demonstrates that genetic diversity in the tested sweet potato germplasm collection in China is lower than that in some reported sweet potato germplasm collections from other regions. Pedigree investigations suggest that more diverse Chinese sweet potato varieties should be formed by broadening the selection scope of breeding parents and incorporating the introduced varieties into future breeding programs.

关键词： sweet potato genetic diversity population structure agro-ecological zone lfesh color ISSR

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No-go guide for the Hubble tension:Late-time or local-scale new physics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 73-85页

作者： Lu Huang Shao-jiang Wang Wang-Wei yu CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing100190China Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics(APCTP) Pohang37673Korea Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik(Albert-Einstein-Institut) HannoverD-30167Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover30167Germany

The standard model of modern cosmology might be cracked by the recent persistent hot debate on the Hubble-constant(H_(0))tension,which manifests itself as the sound-horizon(r_(s))tension or absolute-magnitude(M_(B))tension if deeming the origin of the Hubble tension from modifying the early or late Universe,*** this study,we achieve a fully model-independent constraint(fitting a model-independent global parameterization to a model-independent inverse distant ladder with a modelindependent high-redshift calibration)on late-time models with strong evidence against homogeneous new physics over theΛ-cold-dark-matter(ΛCDM)*** using this model-independent constraint to calibrate sufficiently local supernovae with corresponding late-time models extrapolated below the homogeneity scale,we find surprisingly that,although both H_(0)tension and MB tension are absent in our local Universe,a combination of H_(0)and M_(B)as the intercept a B of the magnitude-redshift relation exhibits 3~7σtension even for theΛCDM *** aBtension seems to call for local-scale inhomogeneous new physics disguised as local observational systematics.

关键词： Hubble constant inverse distance ladder local Universe

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