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New insight into Ca^(2+)-permeable channel in plant immunity

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 623-631页

作者： wei Wang Hang-Yuan Cheng jian-Min Zhou State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Sanya 572025China

Calcium ions(Ca^(2+)) are crucial intracellular second messengers in eukaryotic cells. Upon pathogen perception, plants generate a transient and rapid increase in cytoplasmic Ca^(2+)levels, which is subsequently decoded by Ca^(2+)sensors and effectors to activate downstream immune responses. The elevation of cytosolic Ca^(2+)is commonly attributed to Ca^(2+)influx mediated by plasma membranelocalized Ca^(2+)–permeable channels. However, the contribution of Ca^(2+)release triggered by intracellular Ca^(2+)-permeable channels in shaping Ca^(2+)signaling associated with plant immunity remains poorly understood. This review discusses recent advances in understanding the mechanism underlying the shaping of Ca^(2+)signatures upon the activation of immune receptors, with particular emphasis on the identification of intracellular immune receptors as non-canonical Ca^(2+)-permeable channels. We also discuss the involvement of Ca^(2+)release from the endoplasmic reticulum in generating Ca^(2+)signaling during plant immunity.

关键词： Ca^(2+)-permeable channels endoplasmic reticulum phosphorylation plant immunity resistosome

In situ embedded bismuth nanoparticles among highly porous carbon fibers for efficient carbon dioxide reduction

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4312-4320页

作者： wei-jian Guo Ao Zhou Wen-Wen Cai Jin-Tao Zhang Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry (Ministry of Education) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong University

Electrocatalysis provides an optimal approach for the conversion of carbon dioxide(CO2) into high-value chemicals, thereby presenting a promising avenue toward achieve carbon neutrality. However, addressing the selectivity and stability challenges of metal catalysts in electrolytic reduction remains a daunting task. In this study, the electrospinning method is employed to fabricate porous carbon nanofibers loaded with bismuth nanoparticles with the help of in situ pyrolysis. The porous carbon nanofibers as conductive support would facilitate the dispersion of bismuth active sites while inhibiting their aggregation and promoting the mass transfer, thus enhancing their electrocatalytic activity and stability. Additionally, nitrogen doping induces electron delocalization in bismuth atoms through metal-support interactions, thus enabling efficient adsorption of intermediates for improving selectivity based on the theoretical calculation. Consequently, Bi@PCNF-500 exhibits the exceptional selectivity and stability across a wide range of potential windows. Notably, its faradaic efficiency(FE) of formate reaches 92.7% in H-cell and94.9% in flow cell, respectively, with good electrocatalytic stability. The in situ characterization and theoretical calculations elucidate the plausible reaction mechanism to obtain basic rules for designing efficient electrocatalyst.

关键词： Carbon dioxide reduction Electron delocalization N-doping Porous carbon nanofiber

Digital signal acquisition system for complex nuclear reaction experiments

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 124-133页

作者： wei-liang Pu Yan-lin Ye jian-ling Lou Jia-Hao Chen School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China

A digital data-acquisition system based on XIA LLC products was used in a complex nuclear reaction experiment using radioactive ion beams.A flexible trigger system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA)parametrization was developed to adapt to different experimental sizes.A user-friendly interface was implemented,which allows converting script language expressions into FPGA internal control *** proposed digital system can be combined with a conventional analog data acquisition system to provide more *** performance of the combined system was veri-fied using experimental data.

关键词： Digital signal acquisition system Trigger Programmable logic Timestamp

Processing of a low-costγ-γ'NiPtAl coating with improved oxidation resistance

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2832-2841页

作者： Yan jiang liang-liang wei jian He Hong-Bo Guo School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of High-Temperature Structural Materials and Protective Coatings Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

A novelγ-γ'(Ni solid solution—Ni_(3)Al)NiPtAl coating was produced on advanced single-crystal(SC)superalloy N5 by electroplating of a thin Pt coating with~3μm in thickness followed by heat treatment at 1000℃in *** comparison,a traditionalγ-γ'NiPtAl coating was also produced by electroplating of a thick Pt coating with~6μm in thickness followed by heat treatment at 1100℃in *** novel coating has a mass gain of~0.5 mg·cm^(-2)after 100 h 1-h cyclic oxidation at 1150℃,showing better oxidation resistance than the traditional *** oxide scale mostly consisting ofα-Al_(2)O_(3)grew on the novel coating because the element Cr from the SC alloy substrate contributes to the formation ofα-Al_(2)O_(3).Pt content in the novel coating has significant effect on the oxidation *** optimized Pt content in the coating is about 16 at%,which is helpful to reduce the diffusion of harmful elements from the substrate into the coating but also to reduce the cost of the coating.

关键词： γ-γ'NiPtAl coating Platinum Oxidation Al_(2)O_(3) Superalloy

Atomically Dispersed Zinc Active Sites Efficiently Promote the Electrochemical Conversion of N2 to NH3

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第03期7卷 179-185页

作者： Yanjiao wei Xinyu Wang Mengjie Sun Min Ma jian Tian Minhua Shao School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Energy Institute and Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal PollutionThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

At present,the research on highly active and stable nitrogen reduction reaction catalysts is still challenging work for the electrosynthesis of ammonia （NH3）.Herein,we synthesized atomically dispersed zinc active sites supported on N-doped carbon nanosheets （Zn/NC NSs） as an efficient nitrogen reduction reaction catalyst,which achieves a high ammonia yield of46.62μ***-0.85 V （vs RHE） and Faradaic efficiency of 95.8%at-0.70 V （vs RHE）.In addition,Zn/NC NSs present great stability and selectivity,and there is no significant change in NH3rate and Faradaic efficiencies after multiple *** structural characterization shows that the active center in the nitrogen reduction reaction process is the Zn-N4sites in the *** calculation confirms that Zn/NC with Zn-N4configuration has a lower energy barrier for the formation of*NNH intermediate compared with pure N-doped carbon nanosheets （N-C NSs）,thus promoting the hydrogenation kinetics in the whole nitrogen reduction reaction process.

关键词： electrocatalysis nitrogen reduction single-atom catalyst Zn–N4

High-throughput discovery of highly selective reversible hMAO-B inhibitors based on at-line nanofractionation

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1772-1786页

作者： Yu Fan Jincai Wang Jingyi jian Yalei Wen Jiahao li Hao Tian Jacques Crommen wei Bi Tingting Zhang Zhengjin jiang Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education(MOE)of China/College of Pharmacy Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China KU Leuven-University of Leuven Pharmaceutical AnalysisDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesLeuven 3000Belgium Laboratory of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCIRMUniversity of LiegeLiege B-4000Belgium Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University/Clinical Neuroscience Institutethe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China

Human monoamine oxidase B(hMAO-B)has emerged as a pivotal therapeutic target for Parkinson's *** to adverse effects and shortage of commercial drugs,there is a need for novel,highly selective,and reversible hMAO-B inhibitors with good blood-brain barrier *** this study,a high-throughput at-line nanofractionation screening platform was established with extracts from Chuanxiong Rhizoma,which resulted in the discovery of 75 active compounds,including phenolic acids,volatile oils,and phthalides,two of which were highly selective novel natural phthalide hMAO-B inhibitors that were potent,selective,reversible and had good blood‒brain *** docking and molecular dynamics simulations elucidated the inhibition ***(IC_(50)=103 nmol/L;SI=645)and neocnidilide(IC_(50)=131 nmol/L;SI=207)demonstrated their excellent potential as hMAO-B *** offset the limitations of deactivating enzymes associated with irreversible hMAO-B inhibitors such as *** SH-SY5Y cell assays,sedanolide(EC_(50)=0.962μmol/L)and neocnidilide(EC_(50)=1.161μmol/L)exhibited significant neuroprotective effects,comparable to the positive drugs rasagiline(EC_(50)=0.896μmol/L)and safinamide(EC_(50)=1.079μmol/L).These findings underscore the potential of sedanolide as a novel natural hMAO-B inhibitor that warrants further development as a promising drug candidate.

关键词： Human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors High-throughput screening At-linenanofractionation Parkinson's disease Cellular neuroprotection Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)

Dynamic Simulation of Distribution Networks Using Multi-stage Discontinuous Galerkin Method

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 185-196页

作者： Ruizhi Yu wei Gu weiqi liu Peixin li wei liu School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China. the School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Dynamic simulation plays a fundamental role in security evaluation of distribution networks(DNs).However,the strong stiffness and non-linearity of distributed generation(DG)models in DNs bring about burdensome computation and noteworthy instability on traditional methods which hampers the rapid response of simulation ***,a novel L-stable approximate analytical method with high accuracy is proposed to handle these *** method referred to as multistage discontinuous Galerkin method(MDGM),first derives approximate analytical solutions(AASs)of state variables which are explicit symbolic expressions concerning system ***,in each time window,it substitutes values for symbolic variables and trajectories of state variables are obtained *** paper applies MDGM to DG models to derive ***-truncation-error-based variable step size strategy is also developed to further improve simulation *** addition,this paper establishes detailed MDGM-based dynamic simulation *** case studies on a numerical problem,a modified 33-bus system and a practical large-scale DN,it can be seen that proposed method demonstrates fast and dependable performance compared with the traditional trapezoidal method.

关键词： Approximate analytical method distribution network distributed generation dynamic simulation multi-stage discontinuous Galerkin method variable step size

In-situ SEM characterization of fracture mechanism of TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn titanium matrix composites after electroshocking treatment

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2805-2818页

作者： Ya-Ya Wu jian Zhou Guo-Lei Han Yan Wen Zhou Wang li-Qiang Wang wei-Jie Lv Le-Chun Xie lin Hua Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology Wuhan 430070China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In this article,in-situ scanning electron microscope characterization of the tensile properties of TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn titanium matrix composite(TMC)was conducted before and after electroshocking treatment(EST).After EST,the tensile strength increased by 113.2 *** effect of EST on the tensile strength and fracture behavior of TiB was investigated using in-situ characterization of the fracture morphology and crack propagation path of the matrix and *** EST,TiB fracture introduced cracks that extended into the matrix,resulting in material *** EST,the refined TiB improved the bearing capacity of the matrix,thereby improving TMC ***,after EST,the cracks were introduced into the matrix,and resulting the fracture of matrix *** an increase in the external load,cracks in the matrix were observed to propagate to TiB,and the refined TiB was fractured,detached,and pulled out,resulting in the formation of *** the propagation path of the main crack after EST showed that the deflection angle of the main crack *** micro structure of the fracture surface indicated that the fracture of the matrix was plastic,whereas that of TiB was *** EST,the size and area of the dimples increased,confirming the increase in *** results revealed that the comprehensive mechanical properties of TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn improved after ***,EST is an efficient method for tailoring the micro structures and mechanical properties of TMCs.

关键词： TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn In-situ microstructure characterization Tensile properties Reinforcement Electroshocking treatment(EST)

Variable Selection for Generalized linear Model with Highly Correlated Covariates

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第6期40卷 1458-1480页

作者： li li YUE wei Tao WANG Gao Rong li School of Statistics and Data Science Nanjing Audit UniversityNanjing 211815P.R.China School of Mathematics Statistics and MechanicsBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124P.R.China School of Statistics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875P.R.China

The penalized variable selection methods are often used to select the relevant covariates and estimate the unknown regression coefficients simultaneously,but these existing methods may fail to be consistent for the setting with highly correlated *** this paper,the semi-standard partial covariance(SPAC)method with Lasso penalty is proposed to study the generalized linear model with highly correlated covariates,and the consistencies of the estimation and variable selection are shown in high-dimensional settings under some regularity *** simulation studies and an analysis of colon tumor dataset are carried out to show that the proposed method performs better in addressing highly correlated problem than the traditional penalized variable selection methods.

关键词： Generalized linear model highly correlated covariates Lasso penalty semi-standard partial covariance variable selection