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Amorphous high-entropy phosphoxides for efficient overall alkaline water/seawater splitting

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第6期173卷 1-10页

作者： Han-Ming Zhang Lihao Zuo Yuhang Gao junxia Guo Caizhen zhu jian Xu Jinfeng Sun School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuangHebei 050018China Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials ShijiazhuangHebei 0500180China Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518060China

Designing and synthesizing cost-effective bifunctional catalysts for overall alkaline water/seawater splitting is still a huge challenge for hydrogen ***,Co/Ni/Fe/Mn based-amorphous high-entropy phosphoxide self-standing electrode(CNFMPO)is synthesized by the facile and fast electrodeposition *** exhibits excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic performances on alkaline water/seawater *** hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)overpotentials of CNFMPO in alkaline water/seawater are as low as 43/73 and 252/282 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2),***,two-electrode electrolyzers with CNFMPO||CNFMPO successfully achieve the current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) at low voltages of 1.54 and 1.56 V for overall alkaline water/seawater splitting,*** exhibits satisfactory long-term stability on overall alkaline water/seawater splitting for the surface reconstruction into active metal hydroxide/(oxy)hydroxide,phosphite,and ***,no hypochlorite is detected during seawater electrolysis for the beneficial chlorite oxidation inhibition of the reconstructed phosphite and *** excellent catalytic performances of CNFMPO are due to the unique amorphous structure,multi-component synergistic effect,beneficial electronic structure modulation,and surface reconstruction during the catalytic reaction ***,CNFMPO has shown potential promotion to the development of the water/seawater splitting industry as a promising substituent for noble-metal *** work provides new insights into the design of efficient bifunctional catalysts for overall water/seawater splitting.

关键词： Amorphous high-entropy phosphoxides Water/seawater splitting Synergistic effect Surface reconstruction Electronic structure modulation Inhibition of chloride oxidation reaction

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Recent advances in vacancy engineering for reliable lithiumsulfur batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 455-477页

作者： Wen-Dong Liu Xiao Tang jun-An Feng Chao-Yue Zhang Hao Liu Chuan Shi Xiao-Xian Zhao jian-jun Song College of Physics School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Faculty of Science Centre for Clean Energy TechnologySchool of Mathematical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW2007Australia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China

The high-energy-density and low-cost features endow lithium-sulfur batteries with broad application ***,many drawbacks,especially the detrimental shuttle effect,have hindered the further development of *** response,a lot of new structures have been applied to suppress the shuttle effect and promote the development of ***,vacancy engineering has gained the attention of researchers due to its unique electronic *** review aims to analyze the application of vacancy engineering in ***,the electrochemistry of LSBs has been systematically discussed and the existing challenges as well as improvement tactics of LSBs have also been ***,the preparation methods and characterization technologies of various vacancies are summarized,including oxygen vacancies,sulfur vacancies,selenium vacancies,other anion vacancies,cation vacancies,*** latest applications of vacancy engineering in LSBs are also summarized in this ***,some prospects and insights for further investigation and practical application of vacancy engineering in LSBs are put forward.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs) Defects Vacancy engineering Electronic structure Shuttle effect

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Construct a 3D microsphere of HMX/B/Al/PTFE to obtain the high energy and combustion reactivity

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 45-54页

作者： jian Wang Jie Chen Yaofeng Mao Yongjun Deng Wei Cao Fude Nie jun Wang Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621999PR China Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Lab of Sichuan Province Mianyang 621010PR China

Metal(aluminum and boron)based energetic materials have been wildly applied in various fields including aerospace,explosives and micro-devices due to their high energy ***,the low combustion efficiency and reactivity of metal fuels,especially boron(B),severely limit their practical ***,multi-component 3D microspheres of HMX/B/Al/PTFE(HBA)have been designed and successfully prepared by emulsion and solvent evaporation method to achieve superior energy and combustion *** reactivity and energy output of HBA are systematically measured by ignitionburning test,constant-volume explosion vessel system and bomb *** to the increased interfacial contact and reaction area,HBA shows higher flame propagation rate,faster pressurization rate and larger combustion heat of 29.95 cm/s,1077 kPa/s,and 6164.43 J/g,which is 1.5 times,3.5 times,and 1.03 times of the physical mixed counterpart(HBA-P).Meanwhile,HBA also shows enhanced energy output and reactivity than 3D microspheres of HMX/B/PTFE(HB)resulting from the high reactivity of *** reaction mechanism of 3D microspheres is comprehensively investigated through combustion emission spectral and thermal analysis(TG-DSC-MS).The superior reactivity and energy of HBA originate from the surface etching of fluorine to the inert shell(Al_(2)O_(3) and B_(2)O_(3))and the initiation effect of Al to *** work offers a promising approach to design and prepare high-performance energetic materials for the practical applications.

关键词： HMX/B/Al/PTFE 3D microspheres Surface etching Reaction mechanism

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Intelligent geochemical interpretation of mass chromatograms:Based on convolution neural network

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 752-764页

作者： Kai-Ming Su jun-Gang Lu jian Yu Zi-Xing Lu Shi-Jia Chen Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment Wuhan430100HubeiChina College of Resources and Environment Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100HubeiChina School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500SichuanChina Changqing Oilfield Company PetroChinaXi'an710021ShaanxiChina

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)is an extremely important analytical technique that is widely used in organic *** is the only approach to capture biomarker features of organic matter and provides the key evidence for oil-source correlation and thermal maturity ***,the conventional way of processing and interpreting the mass chromatogram is both timeconsuming and labor-intensive,which increases the research cost and restrains extensive applications of this *** overcome this limitation,a correlation model is developed based on the convolution neural network(CNN)to link the mass chromatogram and biomarker features of samples from the Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin,*** this way,the mass chromatogram can be automatically *** research first performs dimensionality reduction for 15 biomarker parameters via the factor analysis and then quantifies the biomarker features using two indexes(*** and PMI)that represent the organic matter thermal maturity and parent material type,***,training,interpretation,and validation are performed multiple times using different CNN models to optimize the model structure and hyper-parameter setting,with the mass chromatogram used as the input and the obtained MI and PMI values for supervision(label).The optimized model presents high accuracy in automatically interpreting the mass chromatogram,with R2values typically above 0.85 and0.80 for the thermal maturity and parent material interpretation results,*** significance of this research is twofold:(i)developing an efficient technique for geochemical research;(ii)more importantly,demonstrating the potential of artificial intelligence in organic geochemistry and providing vital references for future related studies.

关键词： Organic geochemistry Biomarker Mass chromatographic analysis Automated interpretation Convolution neural network Machine learning

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Highly dispersed MgInCe-mixed metal oxides catalyzed direct carbonylation of glycerol and CO_(2)into glycerol carbonate

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第8期72卷 153-163页

作者： Xufang Chen Xin Shu Yanru zhu jian Zhang Zhigang Chai Hongyan Song Zhe An Jing He State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering Quzhou 324000China

Glycerol carbonate,an important glycerol value-added product,has been widely used as an active intermediate and inert solvent in the synthesis of cosmetics,detergents,chemical intermediates,polymers,and so *** direct carbonylation from glycerol with CO_(2)is considered a promising route,but still tough work due to the thermodynamic stability and the kinetic inertness of CO_(2).In this work,highlyselective direct carbonylation of glycerol and CO_(2)into glycerol carbonate has been achieved over highly dispersed MgInCe-mixed metal oxides(MgInCe-MMO),which were prepared through the topological transformation derived from the MgInCe-layered double hydroxides(MgInCe-LDHs).By precisely modulating the surface basic-acidic properties and the oxygen vacancies,an efficient carbonylation of glycerol with CO_(2)has been achieved with a selectivity of up to>99%to glycerol *** investigation into the synergistic catalysis of base-acid sites and oxygen vacancies has been clarified.

关键词： Catalytic reaction engineering Glycerol carbonate Direct carbonylation from glycerol Carbon dioxide Mixed metal oxides Synergistic catalysis

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Catalytic behavior of Mo-Bi-Fe-Co-K-M-O(M=Ce,Gd,CeGd)catalysts for selective oxidation of isobutene

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 84-93,I0003页

作者： Qinghui Li Huahua Zhao jian Yang jun Zhao Liang Yan Huanling Song Lingjun Chou State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The further improvement of methacrolein(MAL)selectivity from isobutene(IB)oxidation is crucial and *** this study,based on the typical Mo-Bi-Fe-Co-K-O mixed metal oxide,the rare earth element Gd-doped,Ce-doped and CeGd co-doped catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation strategy to increase the selectivity of MAL from 47.9%to 49.8%,64.2% and 68.6%,*** order to elucidate in-depth the promoting effect of Ce and/or Gd,various characterizations were utilized including X-ray diffraction patterns(XRD),Raman,X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),O_(2)-temperature programmed desorption(O_(2)-TPD),H2-temperature programmed reduction(H2-TPR),CO_(2)-temperature programmed desorption(CO_(2)-TPD),IB-temperature programmed desorption(i-C4-TPD)and in-situ IB-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(IB-FTIR).Both Ce and Gd finely regulate the bulk and surface structure of the catalyst,thus altering the redox ability,oxygen mobility and storage ability and *** with Ce,Gd addition slightly regulates the variation of Co^(2+)/Co^(3+)redox couples,greatly enhances the interaction among the components on the catalyst,thus only increases the content of surface oxygen species and has little effect on their *** Cecontaining catalyst performs stronger oxygen storage and migration ability,thus leading to the overproduction of surface Odefectspecies,which are proposed to be the active sites for the production of MAL and *** CeGd co-doped catalyst possesses the proper content of surface Odefectspecies,thus exhibits much higher MAL ***,the promoting mechanism of Ce and/or Gd over IB oxidation is ***,this work is helpful for understanding the influence of rare earth elements on the structure of mixed metal oxides and the olefin selective oxidation reaction.

关键词： Mixed metal oxide catalyst Rare earth element Isobutene Selective oxidation Methacrolein

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Knockout of a rice K5.2 gene increases Ca accumulation in the grain

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 252-264页

作者： Peitong Wang Naoki Yamaji Namiki Mitani-Ueno jun Ge jian Feng Ma National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama UniversityKurashiki 710-0046Japan

Rice is a staple food for half of the world’s population,but it is a poor dietary source of calcium(Ca)due to the low *** is an important issue to boost Ca concentration in this grain to improve Ca deficiency risk,but the mechanisms underlying Ca accumulation are poorly ***,we obtained a rice(Oryza sativa)mutant with high shoot Ca *** mutant exhibited 26%-53% higher Ca in shoots than did wild-type rice(WT)at different Ca *** concentration in the xylem sap was 36% higher in the mutant than in the *** was no difference in agronomic traits between the WT and mutant,but the mutant showed 25% higher Ca in the polished grain compared with the ***-based cloning combined with a complementation test revealed that the mutant phenotype was caused by an 18-bp deletion of a gene,OsK5.2,belonging to the Shaker-like K+channel ***5.2 was highly expressed in the mature region of the roots and its expression in the roots was not affected by Ca levels,but upregulated by low *** showed that OsK5.2 was mainly expressed in the pericycle of the *** together,our results revealed a novel role for OsK5.2 in Ca translocation in rice,and will be a good target for Ca biofortification in rice.

关键词： accumulation biofortification calcium OsK5.2 pericycle rice translocation

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Well-controlled Organocatalytic Ring-opening Polymerization of Seven-membered Cyclic Carbonates with Cyclohexyl Fusion

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第5期40卷 856-862页

作者： ZHANG Wei SHAN Si-Yi DAI jiang CAI Zhongzheng zhu jian-Bo Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization College of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457P.R.China National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-friendly Polymeric Materials(Sichuan) College of ChemistrySichuan UniversityChengdu610064P.R.China

Developing green and well-controlled polymerization methods is of great significance for the preparation of biomedical polymer *** this contribution,an efficient organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization(ROP)of a class of seven-membered cyclic carbonates(T6DO,T6HDO,C6DO,C6HDO)containing cis-or trans-cyclohexane structure was *** catalyst 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene(TBD)promoted living polymerization of these cyclic carbonates to deliver polycarbonate and block copolymer products with predictable molecular weights and narrow *** robust TBD-mediated ROP at 90°C showcased turnover frequency(TOF)up to 10^(3)h^(−1).The resulting amorphous polycarbonates displayed good thermal stability.

关键词： CO_(2) Organic catalyst Living ring-opening polymerization Aliphatic polycarbonate

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Analyses of fin ray types to detect strontium markers in juvenile blunt-snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 206-216页

作者： Yahua zhu Tao jiang Xiubao Chen Hongbo Liu Quinton Phelps jian Yang Wuxi Fisheries College Nanjing Agricultural University (WFCNAU) Laboratory of Fishery Microchemistry Freshwater Fisheries Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (FFRCCAFS) Department of Biology Missouri State University (DBMSU)

Background Restocking by introducing hatchery-reared fish into wild habitats aids in the restoration of fishery aquatic ecosystems and reefs to increase the abundance of fish resources, restore the ecological balance of water bodies, and enhance ecosystem functioning. Accurately, rapidly, and effectively evaluating the success of restocking using chemical markers（e.g., strontium [Sr]） remains challenging for fisheries management. Consequently, for nonlethal fish sampling, hard tissues, such as fin rays, have received increasing attention as a target for marking method. However, data on the differences in marking different types of fin rays remain limited. Therefore, we exposed juvenile blunt snout bream individuals（Megalobrama amblycephala） to 0（control group） or 800 mg/L of SrCl2·6H2O（marked group） for 5 days and transferred them into normal aerated water for post-immersion culture. We sampled their pectoral, dorsal, ventral, anal, and caudal fin rays. The Sr marks among the fin types were sampled at 0 and 20 days post-immersion and evaluated using an electron probe micro-analyzer（EPMA） for the five-day Sr/Ca ratios, along with line transect and Sr mapping *** Sr marking signatures were observed in all fin types in the marked group, with a success rate of up to 100%. Although marking efficiency varied among the different fin ray types, the highest Sr/Ca ratios were most often detected in the dorsal fin. Cross-sectional Sr concentration maps of all fin rays sampled showed high-Sr domains in the marked group; in contrast, the entire cross-sections of the control group displayed low Sr contents, indicating successful marking *** Fin ray Sr marking is a successful method for juvenile M. amblycephala, with the advantages of nonlethality and negligible sampling injuries, facilitating the rapid and effective evaluation of Sr marking in restocking M. amblycephala.

关键词： Megalobrama amblycephala Juvenile Fin ray Strontium marking Electron probe micro-analyzer

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A dual-function selection system enables positive selection of multigene CRISPR mutants and negative selection of Cas9-free progeny in Arabidopsis

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 140-150页

作者： Feng-zhu Wang Ying Bao Zhenxiang Li Xiangyu Xiong jian-Feng Li State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

The CRISPR/Cas9 technology revolutionizes targeted gene knockout in diverse organisms including ***,screening edited alleles,particularly those with multiplex editing,from herbicide-or antibiotic-resistant transgenic plants and segregating out the Cas9 transgene represent two laborious *** solutions to facilitate these processes rely on different selection ***,by taking advantage of the opposite functions of a D-amino acid oxidase(DAO)in detoxifying D-serine and in metabolizing non-toxic D-valine to a cytotoxic product,we develop a DAO-based selection system that simultaneously enables the enrichment of multigene edited alleles and elimination of Cas9-containing progeny in Arabidopsis *** five DAOs tested in Escherichia coli,the one encoded by Trigonopsis variabilis(TvDAO)could confer slightly stronger D-serine resistance than other *** expression of TvDAO in Arabidopsis allowed a clear distinction between transgenic and nontransgenic plants in both D-serine-conditioned positive selection and D-valine-conditioned negative *** a proof of concept,we combined CRISPR-induced single-strand annealing repair of a dead TvDAO with D-serine-based positive selection to help identify transgenic plants with multiplex editing,where D-serine-resistant plants exhibited considerably higher co-editing frequencies at three endogenous target genes than those selected by ***,D-valine-based negative selection successfully removed Cas9 and TvDAO transgenes from the survival offspring carrying inherited ***,this work provides a novel strategy to ease CRISPR mutant identification and Cas9 transgene elimination using a single selection marker,which promises more efficient and simplified multiplex CRISPR editing in plants.

关键词： CRISPR Genome editing D-amino acid oxidase Cas9-free Selection marker

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