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The effect of intravenous high-dose glucocorticoids and orbital decompression surgery on sight-threatening thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第11期12卷 1737-1745页

作者： Yun Wen jian-hua yan The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat-sen University

AIM: To report the effects of intravenous high-dose glucocorticoids(iv GC) and orbital decompression(OD) surgery for treatment of sight-threatening thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO).METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records from patients with sight-threatening TAO [definite or highly suspected dysthyroid optic neuropathy(DON)] treated with iv GC(60 cases) and OD(25 cases) was conducted at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between January 2001 and January 2009. Patients were initially treated with iv GC(iv GC group). If no significant improvement in visual function was obtained, they then received OD surgery(OD group). The pre-versus post-treatment efficacies of either iv GC or OD in these patients were assessed using several indices, including visual acuity, intraocular pressure, ocular alignment, ocular motility, and exophthalmos. RESULTS: Nighty-one eyes had definite DON while 79 were considered to have highly suspected DON. In the iv GC group, 51 individuals(85.0%) eventually demonstrated normal vision, while 10 patients(16.7%) demonstrated a reduction in deviation(P<0.01), and 35 cases(58.3%) showed slight improvements in ocular motility(P<0.01). In OD group, visual acuity improved in 24 cases(96.0%, P<0.01) and all patients showed varying reductions of exophthalmos(mean: 4.35±1.13 mm, P<0.01). Eight cases(32.0%) experienced an 8-15 PD reduction of deviation and ocular motility improved in 12 cases(48.0%), while 3 patients(12.0%) developed new-onset strabismus with diplopia post-surgically(P<0.01). Patients were followed up at an average of 1.55±1.07 y. CONCLUSION: Both iv GC and OD show good therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of sight-threatening TAO. Thepresence of extremely poor eyesight(≥0.5 log MAR) was corrected in some patients with iv GC alone, thus sparing these patients from subsequent OD surgery. In patients who were refractory to steroids, subsequent OD surgery often provided satisfactory outcomes, however, new-onset strabismus with di

关键词： thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy dysthyroid optic neuropathy glucocorticoids orbital decompression orbital surgery

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HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BOTTOM UNDERLAY-TYPE PIER FOR WATER-WING CONTROL

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2008年第6期20卷 735-740页

作者： WU jian-hua yan Zhong-min College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

The pier, placed at the outlet of the pressure flow section, is an effective design to deal with the problems of the manufacture and operation of the gates fbr a discharge tunnel with high water head. It is crucial to control the water-wing, induced by this type of the pier. Through observing the phenomena of the water-wing, the reason of the water-wing inception, i.e., the concave of the flow surface, was presented, and a type of the new pier with bottom underlay was designed. The hydraulic characteristics of the pier, including the variations of the water-wing features, both length and height, with the water head, as well as with the concave depth, and with the height of the bottom underlay, and the variations of the concave depth with the height of the bottom underlay, were investigated by physical model experiments. The results show that the approach of the modification of the concave through the structures with the bottom underlay-type pier is remarkably effective in the water-wing control.

关键词： bottom underlay-type pier concave of flow surface discharge tunnel water-wing

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Diffusion tensor imaging of horizontal extraocular muscles in patients with concomitant and paralytic esotropia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第8期16卷 1350-1355页

作者： Ming-Hao Chen jian-hua yan State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM:To assess metrics of diffusion tensor imagining(DTI)in evaluating microstructural abnormalities of horizontal extraocular muscles(EOM)in ***:Six adult concomitant esotropia patients,5 unilateral abducent paralysis patients and 2 healthy volunteers were *** magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and DTI were performed on all subjects using 3T MR *** anisotropy(FA),mean diffusivity(MD),axial diffusivity(AD),and radial diffusivity(RD)of medial and lateral rectus muscles were measured and compared between patients group and control ***:Medial rectus MD and RD within the adducted eye of concomitant patients was significantly greater than that in unilateral abducent paralysis patients(0.259×10-2 mm^(2)/s vs 0.207×10-2 mm^(2)/s,P=0.014;0.182×10-2 mm^(2)/s vs 0.152×10-2 mm^(2)/s,P=0.017).Both strabismus patients showed a significantly decreased MD and AD than that obtained in normal controls for lateral rectus muscles(P<0.05).Medial rectus MD of the adducted eye in concomitant strabismus patients was significantly decreased than that in healthy controls(0.259×10-2 mm^(2)/s vs 0.266×10-2 mm^(2)/s,P=0.010).Lateral rectus AD of the adducted eye in concomitant strabismus patients was significantly decreased as compared with that in healthy controls(0.515×10-2 mm^(2)/s vs 0.593×10-2 mm^(2)/s,P=0.013).No statistically significant differences were present between the adducted and fixating eyes in concomitant strabismus ***:DTI represents a feasible technique to assess tissue characteristics of *** effects of eye position changes on DTI parameters are *** MD and RD could be evidence for remodeling of the medial rectus muscle *** medial and lateral recuts MD of concomitant esotropia patients indicates a thinner fibrous structure of the *** MD and AD should be general character of esotropia.

关键词： diffusion tensor imagining extraocular muscle esotropia strabismus

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Diagnosis and surgical management of isolated inferior oblique palsy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第2期13卷 349-355页

作者： Xiao-Fei Wu jian-hua yan The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina

●AIM:To describe the etiology,clinical characteristics,surgical options and surgical outcomes of isolated inferior oblique palsy(IOP).●METHODS:A retrospective review was performed on patients with isolated IOP who were seen between January 2010 and June *** following clinical data were obtained from the patients’charts:visual acuity,ocular alignment,ocular motility,cyclotorsion,stereoacuity,Parks three-step test,surgical methods,surgical outcomes and *** success was defined as horizontal deviation≤10 prism diopters(PD)and a vertical deviation≤5 PD in primary gaze at both near and distant vision as assessed at last follow-up.●RESULTS:The records from a total of 18 patients(8 males and 10 females)with an average age of 27.56 y were included in this *** right eye was affected in 11 patients,the left in 6 patients and both eyes in 1 *** cases(66.7%)were congenital and 6(33.3%)were acquired *** 6 acquired cases involved 2 resulting from orbital trauma/surgery,2 from midbrain microvascular ischemia,1 from myasthenia gravis and 1 of unknown *** surgery was performed in 13 *** techniques included weakening of superior oblique and vertical rectus recession and *** a mean follow-up of 15.11 mo,the corrected vertical deviation in primary position was 19.92±8.52 PD(P=0.000)and the corrected horizontal deviation was 14.31±12.68 PD(P=0.002).The surgical success rate was 61.5%and no surgical complications were present.●CONCLUSION:Isolated IOP represents a rare condition,with most cases(66.7%)involving a congenital *** acquired cases included vascular,orbital trauma/surgery and myasthenia *** of the ipsilateral superior oblique muscle and/or contralateral superior rectus recession often resulted in favorable surgical outcomes with a surgical success rate of 61.5%.

关键词： inferior oblique palsy strabismus surgery ocular alignment ocular motility

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Imaging characteristics and surgical management of orbital neurilemmomas

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第7期12卷 1108-1115页

作者： Ming-Hao Chen jian-hua yan The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen University

AIM: To review imaging characteristics and surgical outcomes of orbital neurilemmoma. METHODS: Retrospective review of 21 patients with orbital neurilemmoma managed at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University from June 2005 to December 2016. All patients underwent surgical excision following preoperative imaging including ultrasonography, computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).RESULTS: Among these patients, 11 were male and 10 were female, with age ranging from 12 to 75y(average, 40.3 y). Ultrasound of the orbit showed a roundish well-demarcated orbital mass with low or middle internal reflectivity in each case. Dark inner liquid fields were detected in 28.6% of these cases. Doppler ultrasound demonstrated blood flow signals in these masses. CT showed that the tumors were either homogeneous or heterogeneous. MRI of T1 WI revealed isointense or hypointense tumors, while the T2 WI indicated heterogeneous hyperintense lesions. Gd contrast MRI demonstrated heterogenous or homogeneous enhancement initiating from the wide area of the lesion. Six patients underwent lateral orbitotomy and 15 anterior orbitotomy. All tumors were completely removed. After a mean followup of 1.8 y, 3 patients experienced reduced vision while the remaining 10 patients showed improved vision after surgery. One patient experienced a mild limitation of upward motility. No recurrence occurred. CONCLUSION: Orbital neurilemmoma is a relatively rare, benign orbital tumor. Effective diagnosis requires a combination of ultrasonography, CT and/or MRI. These imaging techniques are also vital to differentiate neurilemmomas from other orbital masses like that of cavernous hemangiomas and *** treatment requires complete resection of the neurilemmomas as performed either by lateral or anterior orbitotomy. Recurrence is rare after complete removal.

关键词： neurilemmoma orbital tumor imaging orbitotomy orbital surgery

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Simulation of municipal solid waste gasification for syngas production in fixed bed reactors

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2010年第8期11卷 619-628页

作者： Chong CHEN Yu-qi JIN jian-hua yan Yong CHI State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

This study proposes a model of syngas production from municipal solid waste (MSW) gasification with air in fixed bed reactors. The model (using Aspen plus simulator) is used to predict the results of MSW gasification and to provide some process fundamentals concerning syngas production from MSW gasification. The effects of gasification temperature, air equiva- lence ratio and moisture concentration on the composition of syngas, lower heating value (LHV) of syngas, heat conversion efficiency, and carbon conversion are discussed. The results indicate that higher temperature improves gasification, and higher air equivalence ratio increases the carbon conversion while decreasing syngas LHV. Heat conversion efficiency increases and reaches the maximum and then decreases with the increase of air equivalence ratio. Higher moisture concentration increases the carbon conversion and increases the heat conversion efficiency at lower ratios. Higher temperature and a lower equivalence ratio are favorable for obtaining a higher LHV of syngas at the same moisture concentration.

关键词： Municipal solid waste (MSW) Gasification Syngas Aspen plus Fixed bed

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Congenital ocular counter-roll:a review of cases treated exclusively by ophthalmologists

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第7期14卷 1073-1080页

作者： Bin-Bin Zhu Fang Wang jian-hua yan The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM:To review the demographics,clinical manifestations,and surgical experiences of patients with congenital ocular counter-roll,whose treatments were performed exclusively by ***:A retrospective review was conducted consisting of patients who received strabismus surgery between 2017 to *** with obvious ocular counter-roll were ***:A total of 7008 patients who received strabismus surgery,28(12 males,16 females)were diagnosed as congenital ocular counter-roll,accounting for 0.40%.All patients were initially misdiagnosed:21 patients were misdiagnosed as superior oblique palsy(SOP),3 as inferior oblique overaction,2 as dissociated vertical deviation(DVD),1 as superior oblique overaction with A-pattern exotropia,and 1 as medial rectus *** mean±SD age was 12.4±9.4 y(range 2.5-36 y).The most common clinical findings included ocular counter-roll,vertical deviation or vertical deviation combined with outward deviation and head *** follow-up,an excellent surgical result was achieved in 20 *** horizontal deviation of 26±24 prism diopter(PD)and vertical deviation of 18±12 PD were reduced to 0±12 PD(P=0.0001)and 3±4 PD(P=0.001),***:Congenital ocular counter-roll is a rare supranuclear vertical strabismus caused by congenital abnormalities involving vestibule-ocular reflex *** addition to ocular counter-roll,the most salient clinical features included,but are not limited to,hyperdeviation,outward deviation,overelevation in adduction and head tilt.

关键词： congenital ocular counter-roll skew deviation cyclovertical strabismus

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Simultaneous removal of ethyl acetate, benzene and toluene with gliding arc gas discharge

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2008年第5期9卷 695-701页

作者： Zheng BO jian-hua yan Xiao-dong LI Yong CHI Ke-fa CEN State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Institute for Thermal Power Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

The simultaneous removal of ethyl acetate, benzene and toluene with relatively low or high initial concentration is studied using a laboratory scale gliding arc gas discharge (GA) reactor. Good decomposition efficiencies are obtained which proves that the GA is effective for the treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with either low or high concentration. A theoretical decomposition mechanism is proposed based on detection of the species in the plasma region and analysis of the decomposition by-products. This preliminary investigation reveals that the GA has potential to be applied to the treatment of exhaust air during color printing and coating works, by either direct removal or combination with activated carbon adsorption/desorption process.

关键词： Plasma Gliding arc gas discharge (GA) Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Simultaneous removal Printing and coating process

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Algorithm study of transient response of vertical magnetic bipolar source in whole space plane layered medium

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Mining Science and Technology 2009年第1期19卷 120-123页

作者： HU Bo YUE jian-hua yanG Hai-yan School of Resource and Geoscience China University of Mining ＆ Technology Xuzhou Jiangsu 221008 China

For some time, whole space feature as a theoretical problem has been a puzzle in mining transient electromagnetic method （TEM）. We have introduced a detailed method of calculating the transient response of a vertical magnetic bipolar source in a whole space plane layered medium in order to obtain whole space features. After designing a whole space plane layered medium model, equations were established based on boundary conditions in terms of electromagnetic vector potential. Expressions of electromagnetic fields were obtained by solving these equations. The expressions were computed by the Hankel transform after dispersion. The results in a frequency domain were changed into a time domain by using a multinomial cosine transform method. The expressions were correctly validated by comparing them with the analytical solution in half space. The half space and whole space results show that the whole space features are dear, suggesting that the theory of half space is not suitable for the whole space. Our algorithm supplied the technical instrument for studying the distributed features of whole space transient electromagnetic fields.

关键词： mining transient electromagnetic method whole space magnetic bipolar source Hankel transform

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Combustion characteristics of tannery sludge and volatilization of heavy metals in combustion

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2010年第7期11卷 530-537页

作者： Xu-guang jianG Chun-yu LI Zhen-wei FEI Yong CHI jian-hua yan State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Incineration is considered one of the most readily available techniques for sewage sludge disposal, including tannery sludge, which often contains significant amounts of volatile heavy metals. The combustion characteristics and kinetic analysis of tannery sludge were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at a heating rate of 30 °C/min in 50–950 °C. In addition to confirming that tannery sludge has a high content of volatile material and ash, it was further discovered that almost all the zinc (Zn) in tannery sludge is volatilized at 900 °C. The degree of volatilization for heavy metals at 900 °C followed the order of Zn>Cd>Cu>Mn>Pb>Cr. Moreover, the volatilization of these heavy metals increased with temperature. It is thus concluded that, to avoid heavy metal volatization during incineration disposal, 800 °C is a reasonable incineration temperature.

关键词： Tannery sludge Combustion Heavy metal volatilization Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) Combustion kinetics

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