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The legacy effects of rubber defoliation period on the refoliation phenology,leaf disease,and latex yield

Plant Diversity 2023年第1期45卷 98-103页

作者： De-Li Zhai jian-chu xu Center for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming 650201YunnanChina Institute of Environment and Ecology School of the Environment and Safety EngineeringJiangsu University301 Xuefu RoadZhenjiang212013Jiangsu ProvinceChina Key Laboratory for Economic Plants and Biotechnology Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201YunnanChina East and Central Asia Regional Office World Agroforestry(ICRAF)Kunming 650201YunnanChina

The leaf phenology of trees has received particular attention for its crucial role in the global water and carbon balances,ecosystem,and species ***,current studies on leaf phenology have mainly focused on temperate trees,while few studies including tropical *** attention has been paid to globally extensive industrial *** plantations are important to both the local and global *** this study,we investigated the legacy effects of defoliation phenology on the following year’s leaf flushing,leaf disease,and also latex yield of rubber trees,an economically important tree to local people and the *** show that extended duration of defoliation increased the subsequent duration of refoliation and rates of infection by powdery mildew disease,but led to reduced latex yield in *** legacy effect of rubber defoliation may relate to the carbohydrate reserved in the trees.A longer duration of defoliation would consume more reserved carbohydrates,reducing available reserves for disease defense and latex *** duration of defoliation period was associated with either a lower temperature before the cessation of latex tapping in October-November and/or a higher temperature after the cessation of latex tapping in *** falling signals the end of photosynthetic activities in deciduous ***,the leaf falling phenology will impact ecological processes involving rubber *** findings indicated that the inclusion of defoliation periods in future rubber trees’ research,will be crucial to furthering our understanding of leaf flushing,powdery mildew disease,and latex yield.

关键词： Carbohydrate Defoliation Legacy effect Phenology Rubber trees

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Seedling survival after simulating grazing and drought for two species from the Pamirs,northwestern China

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Plant Diversity 2022年第6期44卷 607-616页

作者： Fiona R.Worthy Stefanie D.Goldberg Sailesh Ranjitkar jian-chu xu CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina CIFOR-ICRAF China Program World Agroforestry(ICRAF)Kunming 650201YunnanChina Honghe Center for Mountain Futures(CMF) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesHonghe County 654400YunnanChina Faculty of Agroforestry Lumbini Buddhist UniversityLumbiniNepal

For plant populations to persist,seedling recruitment is essential,requiring seed germination,seedling survival and *** and grazing potentially reduce seedling recruitment via increased mortality and reduced *** studied these seederelated processes for two species indigenous to the Pamir Mountains of Xinjiang in northwestern China:Saussurea glacialis and Plantago *** collected from Taxkorgan,Xinjiang,had a viability rate of 15.8%for *** but 100%for *** the viable seeds,the highest germination rates were 62.9%for *** and 45.6%for *** a greenhouse experiment,we imposed a series of stressful conditions,involving a combination of simulated grazing and drought *** had the most severe impact on younger *** showed that 89%of *** mortality was due to early simulated grazing,whereas 80%of *** mortality was due to early simulated *** differences could contribute to their differing *** may rely on water storage in leaves to survive drought events,but showed no shifts in biomass allocation that would improve grazing *** appears more reliant on its root system to survive grazing,but the root reserves of younger plants could be insufficient to grow deeper in response to *** applying all mortality factors,17.7 seedlings/parent of *** survived,while only<0.1 seedlings/parent of *** survived,raising concerns for its capacity to persist in the *** genetic differences may underlie the two species’contrasting grazing and drought ***,differing conservation strategies are required for their utilization and protection.

关键词： Medicinal plant Pastoralist Plantago lessingii Saussurea glacialis Soil moisture Water deficit

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The ranking of fungi:a tribute to David *** on his 70th birthday

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第3期84卷 1-23页

作者： Kevin D.Hyde Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Sinang Hongsanan Milan C.Samarakoon Robert Lücking Dhandevi Pem Dulanjalee Harishchandra Rajesh Jeewon Rui-Lin Zhao jian-chu xu1 jian-chu xu jian-Kui Liu Abdullah M.Al-Sadi Ali H.Bahkali Abdallah M.Elgorban Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of SciencesChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHuairou DistrictBeijing 100408China Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Crop Sciences College of Agricultural and Marine SciencesSultan Qaboos UniversityP.O.Box 34123 Al-KhodOman Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Freie Universität BerlinKönigin-Luise-Strasse 6-814195 BerlinGermany Department of Health Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MauritiusReduitMauritius Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang CityPeople’s Republic of China Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand Institute of Plant and Environment Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097People’s Republic of China

The history of assigning ranks to fungi,as well as the relative importance of using divergence time estimates is *** paper pays tribute to the major mycological players,and especially to David Hawksworth on his 70th birthday and his contribution to fungal ranking in Systema Ascomycetum from 1982 to *** the conclusion of the latter series,the ranking continued with the Outlines of Ascomycota in 2007 and 2010 and more recently with specific classes in‘Towards an outline of Sordariomycetes’and‘Families of Dothideomycetes’.Earlier classifications based on phenotype were certainly more subjective;however,remarkably many of these old arrangements have stood the test of *** recently,phylogenetic analyses have provided evidence towards a natural classification,resulting in significant changes in many *** classification arrangements however,are still subjective and dependent on the taxa analysed,resulting in different taxonomic interpretations and schemes,particularly when it comes to ***,what have been considered as genera by some,have been introduced as families by *** recently,estimation of divergence times using molecular clock methods have been used as objective evidence for higher ranking of taxa.A divergence period(i.e.200–300 MYA)can be used as a criterion to infer when a group of related taxa evolved and what rank they should be *** compiled data on divergence times for various higher ranking taxa in the Kingdom *** kingdom evolved 1000–1600 MYA(Stenian–Calymmian),while the presently accepted phyla evolved between 358 and 541 MYA(Devonian–Cambrian).Divergence times for subphyla are generally between 358 and 485 MYA(Devonian–Ordovician),those of classes 145–358 MYA(Jurassic–Carboniferous),subclasses 66–358 MYA(Cretaceous–Carboniferous),orders 23–252 MYA(Paleogene–Triassic),families 2.8–145 MYA(Neogene–Cretaceous),and genera 2.8–66 MYA(Neogene–Paleogene).Thus,there are wide discrepancies in the times diffe

关键词： Classification Evolution Ranking Temporal banding Sordariomycetes

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Evidence-based practices in sustainable travel behavior intervention: A knowledge graph-based systematic review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第2期11卷 293-311页

作者： jian Li Chenjie xu Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education College of Transportation EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

Sustainable travel behavior intervention is an essential strategy to promote the development of urban *** interventions offer personalized strategies based on certain scenario and participants to promote its effectiveness over hard travel ***,personalized strategies may also bring about difficulties to identify the actual effect of the ***,based on current practice,to make full use of travel behavior interventions,it is necessary to construct a unified methodological evidencebased framework to assess the reliability and effectiveness of travel behavior intervention *** response to these issues,we applied evidence-based knowledge graph to the field of sustainable travel behavior interventions to help decision supporters design sustainable travel behavior interventions wisely and in turn avoid excessive use of hard travel *** introduced concept of evidence-based practice to conduct a systematic analysis concerning reliability and validity of current full volume empirical studies by dimensions of scenarios,types of interventions and *** addition,we took advantage of high extensivity and integrability of knowledge graph to organize evidence-based related *** of the systematic analysis shows that in terms of reliability of evidence,school intervention is the best scenario,knowledge incentive is the best intervention type and promoting public transit and walking proportion are the best ***,the reliability of interventions in workplace,belonging to reward and threat along with aiming at changing travel patterns generally and lowering travel carbon emission need to be *** the study,various research prospects are raised to promote evidence quality in the field of travel behavior intervention *** a pioneer study,our research contributes to the field of urban transportation in introducing concepts of evidence-based practice and enabling optimization and

关键词： Evidence-based decision-making Evidence assessment Knowledge graph Travel behavior intervention Sustainable travel

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The Essential 2-rank for Classical Groups

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第9期40卷 2169-2186页

作者： jian Bei AN Yong xu Department of Mathematics University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand School of Mathematics and Statistics He’nan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023P.R.China

Let G be a symplectic or orthogonal group defined over a finite field with odd characteristic and let D≤G be a Sylow *** this paper,we classify the essential 2-subgroups and determine the essential 2-rank of the Frobenius category FD(G).Together with the results of An–Dietrich and Cao–An–Zeng,this completes the work of essential subgroups and essential ranks of classical groups.

关键词： Frobenius category conjugation families essential 2-rank symplectic groups orthogonal groups

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Disinfection Byproducts and Their Precursors in Drinking Water Sources:Origins,Influencing Factors,and Environmental Insights

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 36-50页

作者： Rong Xiao Yang Deng Zuxin xu Wenhai chu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of the Yangtze River Water Environment Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Montclair State UniversityMontclairNJ 07043USA

Tracing the contamination origins in water sources and identifying the impacts of natural and human processes are essential for ecological safety and public ***,current analysis approaches are not ideal,as they tend to be laborious,time-consuming,or technically *** byproducts(DBPs)are a family of well-known secondary pollutants formed by the reactions of chemical disinfectants with DBP precursors during water disinfection *** DBP precursors have various origins(e.g.,natural,domestic,industrial,and agricultural sources),and since the formation of DBPs from different precursors in the presence of specific disinfectants is distinctive,we argue that DBPs and DBP precursors can serve as alternative indicators to assess the contamination in water sources and identify pollution *** providing a retrospective of the origins of DBPs and DBP precursors,as well as the specific formation patterns of DBPs from different precursors,this article presents an overview of the impacts of various natural and anthropogenic factors on DBPs and DBP precursors in drinking water *** practice,the DBPs(i.e.,their concentration and speciation)originally present in source water and the DBP precursors determined using DBP formation potential tests—in which water samples are dosed with a stoichiometric excess of specific disinfectants in order to maximize DBP formation under certain reaction conditions—can be considered as alternative *** jointly used with other water quality parameters(e.g.,dissolved organic carbon,dissolved organic nitrogen,fluorescence,and molecular weight distribution)and specific contaminants of emerging concern(e.g.,certain pharmaceuticals and personal care products),DBPs and DBP precursors in drinking water sources can provide a more comprehensive picture of water pollution for better managing water resources and ensuring human health.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Disinfection byproduct precursors Drinking water sources Contamination indicator Natural factors Human factors

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Identification of high oxygen-consuming substances in stormwater drainage systems illicitly connected with sewage system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 132-140页

作者： Chen xu Zuxin xu Wenhai chu Shanshan Wu Rong Xiao Lei Su State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Guangzhou Resource Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd.Guangzhou 510030China

The dissolved oxygen content in water is an important indicator for assessing the quality of the water environment,and maintaining a certain amount of dissolved oxygen is essential for the healthy development of the ecological *** a water body is anoxic,the activity of anaerobic microorganisms increases and organic matter is decomposed to produce a large number of blackening and odorizing substances,resulting in black and odorous water bodies,which is a very common and typical phenomenon in ***,there is still a relatively universal occurrence of illicitly connected stormwater and sewage pipes in the urban drainage pipe network in China,which makes oxygen-consuming substances be directly discharged into rivers through stormwater pipes and consume the dissolved oxygen in the water bodies,resulting in an oxygen deficiency of the *** induces seasonal or year-round black and stink phenomena in urban ***,identifying high oxygen-consuming substances,which lays the foundation for the subsequent removal of oxygen-consuming substances,is *** a series of comparisons of water quality indicators and analysis of organic characteristics,it was found that the oxygen consumption capacity of domestic sewage was higher than that of industrial wastewater in the selected area of this study,and the oxygen-consuming substances of domestic sewage were small molecular amino *** comparing 20 conventional free amino acids,it was found that seven of them consumed oxygen easily,and compared with chemical oxygen consumption,biological oxygen consumption was in a leading position.

关键词： Urban drainage system Oxygen-consuming substances Domestic sewage Amino acid

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Characteristics and geological significance of the stress state of the lithosphere in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its neighboring areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1836-1855页

作者： Qianwen ZHANG Ya xu Wei chu Shupeng LU Key Lab of Petroleum Resource Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The present-day lithospheric stress state of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and neighboring areas is controlled by both the lithosphere itself and the underlying *** other words,the stress is affected by the gravitational potential energy(GPE)difference caused by the change in the density distribution within the lithosphere and the drag force on the base of the lithosphere caused by mantle *** study of the lithospheric stress state plays an important role in further understanding the dynamic background and mechanism for the evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan *** this study,the Crust1.0 crustal density model combined with the S40RTS mantle shear wave velocity variation model was used to calculate the *** EGM2008gravity field model was used to calculate the drag force from mantle convection at the base of the *** lithospheric and joint stress fields of the two sources were obtained by solving the force balance under the thin sheet *** way,we could comprehensively analyze the characteristics of the stress state within the *** regions were classified according to the GPE stress field,mantle drag force stress field,the relative magnitude of the two stress fields,and correlation between the two stress fields and surface *** lithospheric stress fields of the Tarim Basin and other stable blocks are mainly controlled by the GPE *** lithospheric stress field in the collision zone between the Indian Plate and the QinghaiTibetan Plateau is predominantly controlled by the deep mantle drag *** lithospheric stress field in the interior of the Plateau is controlled by both GPE and mantle *** correlation between the lithospheric stress field and surface deformation at the southeast margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is *** is hypothesized that the presence of lower crustal flow with lower effective viscosity leads to crust-mantle decoupling,and the mantle drag force has a weaker influe

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Gravitational potential energy Mantle convection Lithospheric deviatoric stress field GPS strain rate field

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A Novel 3D Gait Model for Subject Identification Robust against Carrying and Dressing Variations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 235-261页

作者： jian Luo Bo xu Tardi Tjahjadi jian Yi College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha410000China School of Engineering University of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUK

Subject identification via the subject’s gait is challenging due to variations in the subject’s carrying and dressing conditions in real-life *** paper proposes a novel targeted 3-dimensional(3D)gait model(3DGait)represented by a set of interpretable 3DGait descriptors based on a 3D parametric body *** 3DGait descriptors are utilised as invariant gait features in the 3DGait recognition method to address object carrying and *** 3DGait recognitionmethod involves 2-dimensional(2D)to 3DGaitdata learningbasedon3Dvirtual samples,a semantic gait parameter estimation Long Short Time Memory(LSTM)network(3D-SGPE-LSTM),a feature fusion deep model based on a multi-set canonical correlation analysis,and SoftMax recognition ***,a sensory experiment based on 3D body shape and pose deformation with 3D virtual dressing is used to fit 3DGait onto the given 2D gait images.3Dinterpretable semantic parameters control the 3D morphing and dressing *** degree measurement determines the semantic descriptors of 2D gait images of subjects with various shapes,poses and ***,using the 2D gait images as input and the subjects’corresponding 3D semantic descriptors as output,an end-to-end 3D-SGPE-LSTM is constructed and ***,body shape,pose and external gait factors(3D-eFactors)are estimated using the 3D-SGPE-LSTM model to create a set of interpretable gait descriptors to represent the 3DGait Model,i.e.,3D intrinsic semantic shape descriptor(3DShape);3D skeleton-based gait pose descriptor(3D-Pose)and 3D dressing with other ***,the 3D-Shape and 3D-Pose descriptors are coupled to a unified pattern space by learning prior knowledge from the *** research on CASIA B,CMU MoBo,TUM GAID and GPJATK databases shows that 3DGait is robust against object carrying and dressing variations,especially under multi-cross variations.

关键词： Gait recognition human identification three-dimensional gait canonical correlation analysis

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Towards a natural classification of Astrosphaeriella-like species;introducing Astrosphaeriellaceae and Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae *** Astrosphaeriellopsis,***.

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第5期74卷 143-197页

作者： Rungtiwa Phookamsak Chada Norphanphoun Kazuaki Tanaka Dong-Qin Dai Zong-Long Luo jian-Kui Liu Hong-Yan Su Darbhe J.Bhat Ali H.Bahkali Peter E.Mortimer jian-chu xu Kevin D.Hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina World Agroforestry Centre East Asia NodeHeilongtanKunming 650201People’s Republic of China School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Center of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Formerly Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoaIndia No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaGoa 403108India Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology GuizhouAcademy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhouChina College of Agriculture&Biology Dali UniversityDali 671003YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Hirosaki University3 Bunkyo-choHirosakiAomori 036-8561Japan Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of SciencesNo.1 Beichen West RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China

Astrosphaeriella sensu lato is a common genus occurring on bamboo,palms and stout *** of Astrosphaeriella have been collected from various countries in tropical,subtropical or temperate *** Asia,species have been collected in Brunei,China,Indonesia,Japan,Philippines and *** have been several morphological studies on Astrosphaeriella,but molecular work and phylogenetic analyses are generally *** included in Astrosphaeriella were characterized in three main groups 1)typical Astrosphaeriella species(sensu stricto)having carbonaceous,erumpent,conical ascostromata 2)atypical Astrosphaeriella species(sensu lato)having immersed,coriaceous ascostromata with short to long papilla and 3)lophiostoma-like species having immersed ascostromata with slit-like *** of the latter Astrosphaeriella species,having slit-like openings,have been transferred to Fissuroma and Rimora in *** this study five type specimens of Astrosphaeriella were loaned from herbaria worldwide and re-examined and are re-described and *** of Astrosphaeriella were also made in Thailand and morphologically *** cultures were obtained from single spores and used in molecular *** asexual morph was induced on sterile bamboo pieces placed on water *** analyses of combined LSU,SSU and TEF1 sequence data of astrosphaeriella-like species using Bayesian,Maximum parsimony(MP)and Randomized Accelerated Maximum Likelihood(RAxML)analyses were carried *** analyses show that species of Astrosphaeriella can be distinguished in at least three *** of Astrosphaeriella sensu stricto with erumpent,carbonaceous ascostromata,form a strongly supported clade with Pteridiospora species and a new family,Astrosphaeriellaceae,is introduced to accommodate these *** genera are revised and Astrosphaeriella bambusae,***,***,***,*** and Pteridiospora chiangraiensis

关键词： Asexual morph Bamboo Palm Pseudoastrosphaeriella Phylogeny Pleosporales Taxonomy

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