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Investigation on the Copper Content of Matte Smelting Slag in Peirce-Smith Converter

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Journal of university of science and technology beijing 2001年第3期8卷 177-181页

作者： Chunlin Chen, Jiayun zhang, Meng Bai, Shoukun Wei metallurgy School, university of {3. & technology beijing, beijing 100083. china Guixi Smelter, jiangxi Copper Co. Ltd., jiangxi 3.5424, china Univ Sci & Technol beijing Met Sch Beijing 100083 Peoples R China jiangxi Copper Co Ltd Guixi Smelter Jiangxi 335424 Peoples R China

The copper contents and its existing forms in the slags during the slag-making stage of Peirce-Smith converters in Guixi Smelter, jiangxi Province, china have been investigated. The investigation was based on plant trials with the corresponding thermodynamic calculations and kinetic considerations. From the plant data, the total copper content in the slags was in the range of 2% to 8% (mass fraction). The mechanical entrainment of matte drops has been found to be the main cause of the copper loss. The suspension index, defined as the ratio of the mass fraction of copper in suspended matte drops in the slag to that in bulk of the matte phase, has been adopted to quantify the matte entrainment. The values of this parameter estimated in this work have been found mainly within a range of 2.5%-8.0%. The Fe3.4 content in the slag has been estimated to be the most important factor, among others, influencing the separation of slag with matte and, consequently, the copper loss from the slag.

关键词： Peirce-Smith converter copper content molten slag

Non-metallic Inclusions in Continuously Cast Aluminum Killed Steels

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2000年第3期14卷 193-196页

作者： Wenjun Wang, Xinhua Wang, Jiongming zhang, Wanjun Wang, Youyu Zhou ( metallurgy School, university of science and technology beijing,{3. Steelmaking Research Institute, Wuhan Iron and Steel Group, Wuhan 43.080, china) metallurgy School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Steelmaking Research Institute Wuhan Iron and Steel Group Wuhan 430080 China

In aluminum killed steels, the size, shape, quantity and formation of non-metallic inclusions in ladle steel (before and after RH vacuum treatment) and in tundish as well as in slabs were studied by EPMA (Electron Probe Microanalysis) and by analyzing the total oxygen. The results showed that in the slabs the total oxygen was quite low and the inclusions discovered were mainly small-sized angular alumina inclusions. This indicates that most inclusions have been removed by floating out during the continuous casting process. In addition, the countermeasures were discussed to decrease the alumina inclusions in the slabs further.

关键词： aluminum killed steel non-metallic inclusion alumina continuous casting

Nanophononic metamaterials induced proximity effect in heat flux regulation

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 149-156页

作者： jian zhang Haochun zhang Gang zhang School of Energy science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138632Singapore

Recent studies have shown that the construction of nanophononic metamaterials can reduce thermal conductivity without affecting electrical properties,making them promising in many fields of application,such as energy conversion and thermal ***,although extensive studies have been carried out on thermal conductivity reduction in nanophononic metamaterials,the local heat flux characteristic is still *** this work,we construct a heat flux regulator which includes a silicon nanofilm with silicon *** regulator has remarkable heat flux regulation ability,and various impacts on the regulation ability are ***,even in the region without nanopillars,the local heat current is still lower than that in pristine silicon nanofilms,reduced by the neighboring nanopillars through the thermal proximity *** combine the analysis of the phonon participation ratio with the intensity of localized phonon modes to provide a clear *** findings not only provide insights into the mechanisms of heat flux regulation by nanophononic metamaterials,but also will open up new research directions to control local heat flux for a broad range of applications,including heat management,thermoelectric energy conversion,thermal cloak,and thermal concentrator.

关键词： nanophononic metamaterials proximity effect

A new composite:spray-deposited M2 high speed steel reinforced by WC particles

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 1997年第3期11卷 14-17页

作者： zhang Liying TIAN Haige HUANG Thuo WU Chengyi (Material science and Engineering School, university of science and technology beijing,{3.) Univ of science and technology Beijing Beijing China

The fabrication of the high speed steel matrix composites reinforced by WC particles utilizing the ultrasonicgas atomization and spray-deposition was studied. The change of microstware and mechanical Properties of thecomposites added WC Particles were investigated and analyzed as well. As some results, the WC particles exhibit tWomorphologies (spherical and angular) with different content of WC particles; and with the increase of content of WCparticles, the hardness of the composites increases, yet the bending strength appears a trend of decreasing.

关键词： spray-deposition high speed steel composite

Thermal behaviors and growth of reduced ferronickel particles in carbon-laterite composites

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Rare Metals 2011年第6期30卷 681-687页

作者： HUANG Donghua zhang jianliang MAO Rui CAO Mingming School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineen＇ng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Journals Publishing Center University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The thermal behaviors of single laterite ore and graphite-laterite mixtures were investigated by thermogravimetry （TG）, derivative thermogravimetry （DTG）, and differential thermal analysis （DTA）. Four mass loss steps maximized at about 78, 272, 583. and 826℃ are observed for the laterite ore, representing the vaporization of free water, the dehydroxylation of goethite, the decomposition of serpentines, and the second dehydroxylation of serpentines, respectively. The reduction reactions of the graphite-laterite mixtures start at around 700℃ and can be divided into three major temperature regions. Coal-laterite composites with an addition of 10 wt.% CaO were roasted at 1100-13.0℃ for 3. min, and the reduced samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results indi- cate that the reduction reactions proceed more completely at higher temperatures. The growth of the reduced ferronickel particles is greatly influenced by the roasting temperature, Obvious growth of the reduced ferronickel particles appears with the formation of worm-like crystals for the sample reduced at 1250℃ and spheric particles are observed for the sample reduced at 13.0℃. When the reduction temperature increases to 13.0℃, the reduced ferronickel particles agglomerate to ferronickel granules of 3.8 mm in diameter. The main elements in the granules include iron, nickel, chromium, carbon, and sulfur, with the content of nickel and that of iron of 9.08 wt.% and 85.21 wt.%, respectively.

关键词： laterite ferronickel granules dehydration reduction thermal analysis

Effects of Catalyst and Additive Containing Li, Na, or Ca on Reduction of Iron Oxide/Carbon Composite Pellets

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Journal of university of science and technology beijing 2001年第3期8卷 185-188页

作者： Xingmin Guo, Shengbi zhang, Nianxin Fu, Xiaofeng Zhao metallurgy School, university of science and technology beijing,{3. Northeastern university, Shenyang 110006, china Anshan Iron and Steel (Group) Company, Anshan 114021, china Univ Sci & Technol beijing Met Sch Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Shenyang 110006 Peoples R China Anshan Iron & Steel Grp Co Anshan 114021 Peoples R China

The catalyst containing 0.69% (mass fraction) of Li+, Na+, or Ca2+ were synthesized, and the catalytic effect on the reduction of iron oxide/carbon composite pellets were investigated by comparing with that of additive at 850 degreesC. The effect of the catalyst was greater than that of the additive, it can be considered that catalyst promoted the formation of iron nucleus early on reduction processes of iron oxide/carbon composite pellets. In addition, both effects of catalyst and additive increased after added carbon powder into the pellets, but the extent of increase decreased when the carbon powder exceeded a suitable content (about 4%), this amount is less than that of carbon needed theoretically on the reduction from hematite to iron.

关键词： iron oxide carbon reduction catalyst pellets additive

Generalized Self-Adaptive Genetic Algorithms

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2000年第1期14卷 72-75页

作者： Bin Wu Xuyan Tu jian Wu Information Engineering School, university of science and technology beijing, beijing 100083. china Department of Information and Control Engineering, Southwest Institute of {3., Mianyang 621002, china Information Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Department of Information and Control Engineering Southwest Institute of Technology Mianyang 621002 China

In order to solve the problem between searching performance and convergence of genetic algorithms, a fast genetic algorithm generalized self-adaptive genetic algorithm (GSAGA) is presented. (1) Evenly distributed initial population is generated. (2) Superior individuals are not broken because of crossover and mutation operation for they are sent to subgeneration directly. (3. High quality im- migrants are introduced according to the condition of the population schema. (4) Crossover and mutation are operated on self-adaptation. Therefore, GSAGA solves the coordination problem between convergence and searching performance. In GSAGA, the searching per- formance and global convergence are greatly improved compared with many existing genetic algorithms. Through simulation, the val- idity of this modified genetic algorithm is proved.

关键词： generalized self-adaptive genetic algorithm initial population immigration fitness function

Effects of Temperature and Atmosphere on Sintering Process of Iron Ores

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第10期19卷 1-6页

作者： zhang Jun, GUO Xing-min, HUANG Xue-jun (State Key Laboratory of Advanced metallurgy and School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, university of science and technology beijing,{3.) State Key Laboratory of Advanced metallurgy and School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The relationship of time to minerals composition in sinters is investigated by mineragraphy are claritied observation and component analysis, and the effects of temperature and atmosphere on mineralization process. Results are obtained as follows. The initial melt forms below the eutectic temperature of CaO·Fe2O3.and CaO·2Fe2O3. which is complex substance containing Ca, Fe, Si and Al, rather than the binary calcium ferrite melt. Minerals composition of binding phase is related to local content of silica in melt, which is influenced by temperature. Appearance of the melt promotes the transition from hematite to magnetite, which then alters the mechanism of calcium ferrite formation. Before the formation of magnetite, the contents of Fe and Ca within the multiple calcium ferrite decrease with temperature, but in the case of magnetite presence, the content of Fe increases solely with increase of temperature and decrease of oxygen potential. Temperature and atmosphere determine minerals composition together, and bring influence on sintering process in different ways. It can be deduced that temperature affects kinetics of the mineralization process, but atmosphere just plays a role in thermodynamics.

关键词： temperature atmosphere iron ore sintering mineralization process

Thermodynamic Study on Process in Copper Converters (The Copper-making Stage)

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2000年第3期14卷 184-188页

作者： Chunlin Chen, Jiayun zhang, Tuping Zhou, Shoukun Wei, Xingxiang Lu2), Meng Bai, Jinhong jiang ( metallurgy School,{3., beijing 100083. china Guixi Smelter, jiangxi, 3.5424) metallurgy School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Guixi Smelter Jiangxi 335424 China

Theoretical calculations were based on thermodynamic equilibrium in the multi-component and multi-phase system with heat and mass balance as well as the oxygen efficiency to take account for the effects of process kinetics. The variations of temperature, mass fractions of dissolved oxygen and sulfur in blister copper, partial pressures for O2, S2, SO2 in gas phase for the copper-making stage were calculated. The model predicted temperature, time of blowing as well as mass of the blister copper at end points for 6 heats showed a fairly good agreements with corresponding plant data. The calculated content of 0.065% and content of 0.87% in blister copper were both at reasonable levels. Compared with the so called Goto model, the present model has very much improved process description of copper-making stage as well as the prediction of end points for a copper converter by introducing the oxygen efficiency.

关键词： Peirce-Smith copper converter thermodynamic model copper-making stage